scholarly journals Enhanced Soybean Productivity by Inoculation With Indigenous Bradyrhizobium Strains in Agroecological Conditions of Northeast Germany

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Ansong Omari ◽  
Kun Yuan ◽  
Khoa Trinh Anh ◽  
Moritz Reckling ◽  
Mosab Halwani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Legume Production ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Commercial inoculants are often used to inoculate field-grown soybean in Europe. However, nodulation efficiencies in these areas are often low. To enhance biological nitrogen (N) fixation and increase domestic legume production, indigenous strains that are adapted to local conditions could be used to develop more effective inoculants. The objective of this study was to assess the ability of locally isolated Bradyrhizobium strains to enhance soybean productivity in different growing conditions of Northeast Germany. Three indigenous Bradyrhizobium isolates (GMF14, GMM36, and GEM96) were tested in combination with different soybean cultivars of different maturity groups and quality characteristics in one field trial and two greenhouse studies. The results showed a highly significant strain × cultivar interactions on nodulation response. Independent of the Bradyrhizobium strain, inoculated plants in the greenhouse showed higher nodulation, which corresponded with an increased N uptake than that in field conditions. There were significantly higher nodule numbers and nodule dry weights following GMF14 and GMM36 inoculation in well-watered soil, but only minor differences under drought conditions. Inoculation of the soybean cultivar Merlin with the strain GEM96 enhanced nodulation but did not correspond to an increased grain yield under field conditions. USDA110 was consistent in improving the grain yield of soybean cultivars Sultana and Siroca. On the other hand, GMM36 inoculation to Sultana and GEM96 inoculation to Siroca resulted in similar yields. Our results demonstrate that inoculation of locally adapted soybean cultivars with the indigenous isolates improves nodulation and yield attributes. Thus, to attain optimal symbiotic performance, the strains need to be matched with specific cultivars.

scholarly journals Improvement yield and nitrogen uptake of wheat through application of organic and inorganic fertilizers

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-153
Author(s):  
MR Islam ◽  
S Siraj ◽  
A Huda ◽  
MLN Begum ◽  
S Bilkis
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Floodplain Soil ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Science Field ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Organic And Inorganic Fertilizers

An experiment was conducted at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during winter (Rabi) season of 2013-14 to evaluate the effect of integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the growth, yield and nitrogen (N) uptake of wheat. There were six treatments such as T0 (control), T1 [STB-CF (HYG)], T2 [STB-CF (HYG) + CD (5 t/ha)], T3 [STB-CF (HYG) +PM (3 t/ha)], T4 [STB-CF (HYG) COM (5 t/ha)] and T5 [FP (Farmers’ practice)]. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. Soil test based nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur, zinc and boron were used @ 100, 20, 60, 10, 3 and 2 kg ha-1, respectively. The integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizers significantly increased the yield attributes as well as grain and straw yields of wheat. The treatment T3 [STB-CF (HYG) + PM (3 tha-1)] produced the highest grain yield of 3554 kg ha-1 (69.67% increase over control) and straw yield of 3635 kg ha-1 (62.83% increase over control). The lowest grain yield (2094 kg ha-1) and straw yield (2232 kg ha-1) were found in control treatment. The N content and uptake by wheat were also markedly influenced by combined use of organic and inorganic fertilizers and the treatment T3 demonstrated superior performance to other treatments. So, the applications of fertilizers in combination with poultry manure @ 3 t ha-1 can be used for the successful cultivation of wheat in Old Brahmaputra Floodplain soil. Progressive Agriculture 27 (2): 149-153, 2016

Effect of date of transplanting and nitrogen on productivity and nitrogen use indices in hybrid and non-hybrid aromatic rice

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Singh ◽  
Y. S: Shivay ◽  
S. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Rice Hybrid ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

A field experiment was carried out during the rainy (kharif) season of 2001 at the experimental farm of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India, to study the effect of date of transplanting and nitrogen on yield attributes, yields, nutrient accumulation and nitrogen use efficiencies in hybrid and non-hybrid aromatic rice. The experiment consisted of 9 treatments with 2 varieties (Pusa Basmati 1 and Pusa Rice Hybrid 10), 3 transplanting dates (3, 10 and 17 July, 2001) and 4 nitrogen levels (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg N ha-1). Pusa Rice Hybrid 10 had significantly higher values of yield attributes (panicles hill-1, panicle weight, spikelets panicle-1, filled grains panicle-1, 1000-grain weight), yields and nutrient accumulation than the non-hybrid Pusa Basmati 1. There were significant reductions in yield attributes, yields and nutrient accumulation after delayed transplanting. Timely transplanting on 3 July led to 8.4 and 19.1% higher grain yield than transplanting on 10 and 17 July, respectively. Successive nitrogen levels had a significant effect on yield attributes (except 1000-grain weight), yields and nutrient accumulation up to 120 kg N ha-1. The maximum grain yield (5.87 t ha-1) was recorded at the highest level of N nutrition (180 kg Nha-1) and was 4.2, 15.5 and 39.3% higher than in the 120 kg, 60 kg N ha-1 and control treatments, respectively. Pusa Rice Hybrid 10 also had significantly higher values of agronomic nitrogen use efficiency (ANUE) (12.5 kg grain kg-1 N applied), apparent nitrogen recovery (27.4%), physiological NUE (44.2 kg grain kg-1 N uptake), N harvest index (62.7%), N efficiency ratio (119.6 kg dry matter kg-1 N uptake) and physiological efficiency index of nitrogen (47.4 kg grain kg-1 N uptake) than non-hybrid Pusa Basmati 1.

Barley yield and grain protein concentration as affected by assimilate and nitrogen availability

1998 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 695 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Boonchoo ◽  
S. Fukai ◽  
Suzan E. Hetherington
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
N Availability ◽  
N Application ◽  
N Application Rate ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Two types of experiments were conducted with the malting barley cv. Grimmett to examine how assimilate and nitrogen (N) availability at different growth stages determined yield and grain protein concentration (GPC) in south-east Queensland. In one series of experiments, plants were sown in April, June, and August so that they would experience different growing conditions, and responses to N application rate were examined. Another experiment examined response of growth, yield, and GPC to variation of assimilate production pre and post anthesis, caused by the canopy manipulation treatments of opening, closure, and 50% shading at 3 different growth stages. Without N application all 3 sowings produced similar yields (1·9-2·3 t/ha), but when N was applied, yield was higher and responded more to applied N in the June sowing than in the other sowings.The different responses of grain yield to N application rate among the 3 sowing dates were not due to differences in N uptake but to the efficiency of N use; with favourable temperatures throughout crop growth, the crop sown in June utilised N most eciently to develop a large number of grainsand to produce sufficient as similates to fill these grains. When yield had a positive response to low N application rates, then there was generally no response of GPC, whereas when there was no response of grain yield to further rate of N application then GPC increased. The results of the second experiment show that N uptake depended on plant N demand at early stages of growth when N was still available in the soil, but total N content of tops at maturity was similar among canopy manipulation treatments. Canopy opening at any stage of growth tended to increase tiller number, leaf area index, and above-ground dry matter, but the effect was greater attillering stage which produced the highest yield because of the greatest number of heads. Shading reduced yield at all stages, but particularly at pre-anthesis. Shading and canopy closure during grain filling reduced grain yield, but with similar N uptake these treatments significantly increased GPC .These results indicate that GPC depends on both assimilate and N availability to grain, and GPC can increase sharply when grain yield is reduced with low assimilate availability as a result of adverse growing conditions. Responses of grain yield to applied N depended on environmental conditions, particularly the patterns of air temperature during growth, and the crop utilised N more efficiently to produce higher yield when it was not exposed to extreme temperatures during the latter stages of growth.

Effect of nitrogen rates on rice growth and biological nitrogen fixation

1996 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Carreres ◽  
R. González Tomé ◽  
J. Sendra ◽  
R. Ballesteros ◽  
E. Fernández Valiente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
N Fertilizers ◽  
Ecological Benefit

SUMMARYThe effect of different rates (0–140 kg/ha) of nitrogen fertilizers on soil cyanobacteria and rice crop performance were studied in a rice-cropping system on an alkaline Fluvent soil at Valencia, Spain, during three consecutive crop seasons (1990–92). The results showed that the rice fields of Valencia favour the development of N2-fixing cyanobacteria. Nitrogen fixation varied during the cultivation cycle, reaching its highest values at the maximum tillering stage, 5–6 weeks after sowing, and showed a positive correlation with the abundance of cyanobacteria and a negative correlation with the amount of N fertilizers used. Grain yield increased with increasing amounts of N fertilizers up to 70 kg N/ha. N rates appeared to affect grain yield by causing variations in the number of panicles/m2. Leaf chlorophyll readings at the end of the tillering stage were positively correlated with the number of panicles/m2, suggesting that it could be a useful parameter for predicting productivity. There was a significant increase in the N uptake of the rice but a decrease in the apparent N recovery and Nuse efficiency of applied fertilizer N, with the application of increasing rates of N fertilizer. In all instances, except in plots fertilized with 140 kg N/ha, the amount of N removed by plants was significantly higher than that applied as N fertilizer. The differences were positively correlated with the values for N fixation, suggesting a significant contribution by N fixation to rice production. These results show that a rational use of biological N fixation, in combination with inorganic N fertilization, would permit the input of N fertilizers to be reduced by c. 50% without any significant loss of productivity and with an ecological benefit for the whole ecosystem.

scholarly journals Modelling symbiotic biological nitrogen fixation in grain legumes globally by LPJ-GUESS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianyong Ma ◽  
Stefan Olin ◽  
Peter Anthoni ◽  
Sam S. Rabin ◽  
Anita D. Bayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Agricultural Ecosystems ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Abstract. Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) from grain legumes is significant importance in global agricultural ecosystems. Crops with BNF capability are expected to support the need to increase food production while reducing nitrogen (N) fertilizer input for agriculture sustainability, but quantification of N fixing rates and BNF crop yields remains inadequate. Here we incorporate two legume crops (soybean and faba bean) with BNF into a dynamic vegetation model LPJ-GUESS (Lund-Potsdam-Jena General Ecosystem Simulator). The performance of this new implementation is evaluated against observations from a range of water and N management trials. LPJ-GUESS generally captures the observed response to these management practices on legume biomass production, soil N uptake and N fixation, despite some deviations from observations in some cases. Globally, the simulated BNF is dominated by soil moisture and temperature, as well as amounts of N fertilizer addition. Annual inputs through BNF are modelled to be 11.6±2.2 Tg N for soybean and 5.6±1.0 Tg N for all pulses, with a total fixation of 17.2±2.9 Tg N yr-1 for all grain legumes during the period 1981–2016 on global scale. Our estimates show a good agreement with some previous statistical estimates but are relatively high compared to some estimates for pulses. This study highlights the importance of accounting for legume N fixation process when modelling C-N interactions in agricultural ecosystems, particularly when it comes to account for the combined effects of climate and land-use change on global terrestrial N cycle.

Effect of N management approaches and planting densities on nitrogen accumulation by transplanted rice

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Janaki ◽  
T. M. Thiyagarajan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
The Mean ◽  
N Uptake Rate ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
N Management

Field experiments were conducted during 1998 and 1999 in June-September with rice variety ASD18 at the wetland farm, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India to find out theeffect of N management approaches and planting densities on N accumulation by transplanted rice in a split plot design.The main plot consisted of three plant populations (33, 66 and 100 hills m-2) and the sub-plot treatments of five N management approaches. The results revealed thatthe average N uptake in roots and aboveground biomass progressively increased with growth stages. The mean root and aboveground biomass Nuptake were 26.1 to 130.6 and 6.4 to 17.8 kg ha-1, respectively. The N uptake of grain and straw was higher in theSesbania rostratagreen manuring + 150 kg N treatment, but it was not effective in increasing the grain yield. The mean total N uptake was found to be significantly lower at 33 hills m-2(76.9 kg ha-1) and increased with an increase in planting density (100.9 and 117.2 kg ha-1at 66 and 100 hills m-2density). N application had a significant influence on N uptake and the time course of N uptake in all the SPAD-guided N approaches. A significant regression coefficient was observed between the crop N uptake and grain yield. The relationship between cumulative N uptake at the flowering stage and the grain yield was quadratic at all three densities. The N uptake rate (µN) was maximum during the active tillering to panicle initiation period and declined sharply after that. In general, µNincreased with an increase in planting density and the increase was significant up to the panicle initiation to flowering period.thereafter, the N uptake rate was similar at densities of 66 and 100 hills m-2.

Yield and Seed quality of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) as affected by variety, nitrogen level and harvesting time

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Shahnaj Yesmina ◽  
Moushumi Akhtarb ◽  
Belal Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Nitrogen Level ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Harvesting Time ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Vigour Index

The experiment was conducted to find out the effect of variety, nitrogen level and harvesting time on yield and seed quality of barley. The treatments used in the experiment consisted of two varieties viz. BARI Barley 4 and BARI Barley 5, three harvesting time viz. 35, 40 and 45 Days after Anthesis (DAA) and nitrogen levels viz. 0, 70, 85 and 100 kg N ha-1 . The experiment was laid out in a spilt- spilt-plot design with three replications assigning the variety to the main plot, harvesting time to the sub-plots and nitrogen level to the sub-sub plots. Variety had significant effects on the all yield attributes except fertile seeds spike-1 . Seed quality parameters viz. normal seeds spike-1 , deformed seeds spike-1 , germination (%) and vigour index were statistically significant. The variety BARI Barley 5 produced higher grain yield and seed quality than BARI Barley 4. Grain yield from BARI Barley 5 and BARI Barley 4 were 4.59 t ha-1 and 4.24 t ha-1 , respectively. Significantly, the highest 1000-seed weight (46.90 g) was produced by BARI Barley 5 than (37.90 g) BARI Barley 4. The result revealed that harvesting time had significant effect on yield and yield attributes and seed quality parameters. Seed yield was highest (4.65 t ha-1 ) when the crop harvested at 40 DAA and it was increased linearly from 35 DAA. Maximum quality seed and 1000-seed weight (43.20 g) was obtained when the crop harvested at 40 DAA. All the yields, yield attributes and seed quality parameters were significantly influenced by nitrogen levels. The highest grain yield (5.14 t ha-1 ) was obtained when BARI Barley 5 variety was fertilized by 100 kg N ha-1 and the lowest (3.14 t ha-1 ) was obtained from control treatments. Normal seeds spike-1 , vigour index, germination (%) were better at 85 kg N ha-1 in variety of BARI Barley 5 than BARI Barley 4. So it can be concluded that BARI Barley 5 showed better result when fertilized with 100 kg N ha-1 and harvested at 40 DAA for getting maximum yield and 85 kg N ha-1 and harvested at 40 DAA for getting better quality seed.

scholarly journals Biochar and urease inhibitor mitigate NH3 and N2O emissions and improve wheat yield in a urea fertilized alkaline soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadim Dawar ◽  
Shah Fahad ◽  
M. M. R. Jahangir ◽  
Iqbal Munir ◽  
Syed Sartaj Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Urease Inhibitor ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Total N ◽  
N Assimilation

AbstractIn this study, we explored the role of biochar (BC) and/or urease inhibitor (UI) in mitigating ammonia (NH3) and nitrous oxide (N2O) discharge from urea fertilized wheat cultivated fields in Pakistan (34.01°N, 71.71°E). The experiment included five treatments [control, urea (150 kg N ha−1), BC (10 Mg ha−1), urea + BC and urea + BC + UI (1 L ton−1)], which were all repeated four times and were carried out in a randomized complete block design. Urea supplementation along with BC and BC + UI reduced soil NH3 emissions by 27% and 69%, respectively, compared to sole urea application. Nitrous oxide emissions from urea fertilized plots were also reduced by 24% and 53% applying BC and BC + UI, respectively, compared to urea alone. Application of BC with urea improved the grain yield, shoot biomass, and total N uptake of wheat by 13%, 24%, and 12%, respectively, compared to urea alone. Moreover, UI further promoted biomass and grain yield, and N assimilation in wheat by 38%, 22% and 27%, respectively, over sole urea application. In conclusion, application of BC and/or UI can mitigate NH3 and N2O emissions from urea fertilized soil, improve N use efficiency (NUE) and overall crop productivity.

scholarly journals Seed Priming with Potassium Nitrate and Gibberellic Acid Enhances the Performance of Dry Direct Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in North-Western India

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 849
Author(s):  
Buta Singh Dhillon ◽  
Virender Kumar ◽  
Pardeep Sagwal ◽  
Navjyot Kaur ◽  
Gurjit Singh Mangat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Western India ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Crop Establishment ◽  
Direct Seeded

Poor early growth and uneven crop establishment are reported as the major bottlenecks in wide-scale adoption and optimal yield realization of dry direct-seeded rice (DSR). Seed priming can potentially help overcome these problems in DSR. Therefore, laboratory and field studies were conducted at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India, during kharif/wet-season 2018 and 2019 to evaluate the effect of different priming techniques on germination, establishment, growth, and grain yield of rice under DSR conditions. The following priming treatments were evaluated: dry non-primed seed (control), hydropriming with distilled water, halopriming with 2.0% potassium nitrate, hormopriming with 50 ppm gibberellic acid (GA3), and osmopriming with polyethylene glycol (PEG)(−0.6 MPa), each with 12 and 24 h priming duration. In 2019, priming treatments were tested under two DSR establishment methods—conventional DSR (sowing in dry soil followed by irrigation) and soil mulch DSR (locally known as vattar DSR) (sowing in moist soil after pre-sowing irrigation), whereas in 2018, priming treatments were evaluated under conventional DSR only. In both years, halopriming and hormopriming resulted in a 7–11% increase in rice yields compared to non-primed dry seed (control). Osmopriming resulted in a 4% yield increase compared to control in 2018 but not in 2019. The higher yields in halopriming and hormopriming were attributed to higher and rapid germination/crop emergence, better root growth, and improvement in yield attributes. Priming effect on crop emergence, growth, and yield did not differ by DSR establishment methods and duration of priming. Conventional DSR and soil mulch DSR did not differ in grain yield, whereas they differed in crop emergence, growth, and yield attributes. These results suggest that halopriming with 2.0% potassium nitrate and hormopriming with 50 ppm GA3 has good potential to improve crop establishment and yield of rice in both conventional and soil mulch DSR systems.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document