scholarly journals Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveals That Exogenous Methyl Jasmonate Regulates Galanthamine Biosynthesis in Lycoris longituba Seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingzhu Li ◽  
Junxu Xu ◽  
Yuhong Zheng ◽  
Yongchun Zhang ◽  
Youming Cai
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Allene Oxide Cyclase ◽  
Transcriptomic Sequencing ◽  
Meja Treatment ◽  
Ja Signaling ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The Amaryllidaceae alkaloid galanthamine (Gal) in Lycoris longituba is a secondary metabolite that has been used to treat Alzheimer’s disease. Plant secondary metabolism is affected by methyl jasmonate (MeJA) exposure, although the regulatory mechanisms of MeJA on L. longituba seedlings remains largely unknown. In the present study, 75, 150, and 300 μM MeJA were used as treatments on L. longituba seedlings for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days, while 0 μM MeJA was used as the control (MJ-0). The effect of exogenous MeJA on Gal synthesis in L. longituba was then investigated using transcriptomic sequencing and metabolite profiling via GC-MS and LC-MS analysis. Galanthamine (Gal), lycorine (Lyc), and lycoramine (Lycm) abundances were 2. 71-, 2. 01-, and 2.85-fold higher in 75 μM MeJA (MJ-75) treatment plants compared to MJ-0 treatment plants after 7 days of cultivation. Transcriptomic analysis further showed that MJ-75 treatment significantly induced the expression of norbelladine synthase (NBS) and norbelladine 4′-O-methyltransferase (OMT), which are involved in the Gal biosynthesis pathway. In addition, increased expression was observed in MJ-75 treatment plants for genes in the JA synthesis and JA signaling pathways including those of allene oxide cyclase (AOC), 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid reductase (OPR), jasmonic acid amino acid synthase (JAR), and transcription factor MYC. The L. longituba tyrosine decarboxylase (LlTYDC) enzyme was identified and proposed to be involved in the Gal biosynthetic pathway. Metabolomics results demonstrated that the accumulation of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, and especially alkaloids in the Gal biosynthesis pathway, could be induced by MJ-75 treatment. Interestingly, metabolites in the JA synthesis pathway were also affected by MeJA treatment. Overall, this multi-omics study suggests that both the JA synthesis/JA signaling and Gal biosynthesis pathways were affected by exogenous MeJA treatment. This comprehensive study of gene expression and metabolite contents can help us better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying MeJA-mediated Gal biosynthesis in L. longituba.

scholarly journals Overexpression of Arabidopsis OPR3 in Hexaploid Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Alters Plant Development and Freezing Tolerance

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 3989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Pigolev ◽  
Dmitry Miroshnichenko ◽  
Alexander Pushin ◽  
Vasily Terentyev ◽  
Alexander Boutanayev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Transgenic Wheat ◽  
Environmental Stresses ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Pathway Gene ◽  
Developmental Traits

Jasmonates are plant hormones that are involved in the regulation of different aspects of plant life, wherein their functions and molecular mechanisms of action in wheat are still poorly studied. With the aim of gaining more insights into the role of jasmonic acid (JA) in wheat growth, development, and responses to environmental stresses, we have generated transgenic bread wheat plants overexpressing Arabidopsis 12-OXOPHYTODIENOATE REDUCTASE 3 (AtOPR3), one of the key genes of the JA biosynthesis pathway. Analysis of transgenic plants showed that AtOPR3 overexpression affects wheat development, including germination, growth, flowering time, senescence, and alters tolerance to environmental stresses. Transgenic wheat plants with high AtOPR3 expression levels have increased basal levels of JA, and up-regulated expression of ALLENE OXIDE SYNTHASE, a jasmonate biosynthesis pathway gene that is known to be regulated by a positive feedback loop that maintains and boosts JA levels. Transgenic wheat plants with high AtOPR3 expression levels are characterized by delayed germination, slower growth, late flowering and senescence, and improved tolerance to short-term freezing. The work demonstrates that genetic modification of the jasmonate pathway is a suitable tool for the modulation of developmental traits and stress responses in wheat.

Molecular cloning and characterization of a jasmonate biosynthetic pathway gene for allene oxide cyclase from Jatropha curcas

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Liu ◽  
Wenguo Wang ◽  
Jihai Gao ◽  
Fang Chen ◽  
Shenghua Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Cloning ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Cyclase ◽  
Pathway Gene

scholarly journals Integrated Proteomics and Metabolomics Analysis Provides Insights into Ganoderic Acid Biosynthesis in Response to Methyl Jasmonate in Ganoderma Lucidum

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 6116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai-Liang Jiang ◽  
Yong-Nan Liu ◽  
Rui Liu ◽  
Ang Ren ◽  
Hong-Yu Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Ganoderic Acid ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Metabolomics Data ◽  
Meja Treatment ◽  
Depth Analysis

Ganoderma lucidum is widely recognized as a medicinal basidiomycete. It was previously reported that the plant hormone methyl jasmonate (MeJA) could induce the biosynthesis of ganoderic acids (GAs), which are the main active ingredients of G. lucidum. However, the regulatory mechanism is still unclear. In this study, integrated proteomics and metabolomics were employed on G. lucidum to globally identify differences in proteins and metabolites under MeJA treatment for 15 min (M15) and 24 h (M24). Our study successfully identified 209 differential abundance proteins (DAPs) in M15 and 202 DAPs in M24. We also identified 154 metabolites by GC–MS and 70 metabolites by LC–MS in M24 that are involved in several metabolic pathways. With an in-depth analysis, we found some DAPs and metabolites that are involved in the oxidoreduction process, secondary metabolism, energy metabolism, transcriptional and translational regulation, and protein synthesis. In particular, our results reveal that MeJA treatment leads to metabolic rearrangement that inhibited the normal glucose metabolism, energy supply, and protein synthesis of cells but promoted secondary metabolites, including GAs. In conclusion, our proteomics and metabolomics data further confirm the promoting effect of MeJA on the biosynthesis of GAs in G. lucidum and will provide a valuable resource for further investigation of the molecular mechanisms of MeJA signal response and GA biosynthesis in G. lucidum and other related species.

The effect of the elicitors on the steviol glycosides biosynthesis pathway in Stevia rebaudiana

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hourieh Tavakoli ◽  
Nasibeh Tavakoli ◽  
Foad Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Steviol Glycosides ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽  
Kaurenoic Acid

Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni has been promoted for having sweet leaves as well as pharmaceutical and industrial properties. The sweet taste of Stevia leaves is due to the presence of steviol glycosides (a group of diterpene glycosides) found in a small number of plants. In the biosynthetic pathway of steviol glycosides (SGs), 15 enzymes that express the genes are associated with these enzymes under the influence of the elicitors. Due to the individuality of the stevia and few studies on the biosynthesis pathway of SGs, this paper attempted to investigate the effects of some of the elicitors, including methyl jasmonate (MeJA), salicylic acid (SA), auxins (Aux), cytokinins (CKs), gibberellins (GAs) and its inhibitors including paclobutrazol (BPZ) and chloroquate (CCC)), on the responsible genes for the biosynthesis of SGs. Some of these elicitors, including MeJA, SA and GA have great potential in increasing secondary metabolites. Moreover, the biosynthetic pathway of GAs and SGs are shared till ent-kaurenoic acid (ent-KA) biosynthesis, which raises the question of whether this hormone and its inhibitors are effective in the SGs biosynthesis.

scholarly journals Identification of Jasmonic Acid Biosynthetic Genes in Sweet Cherry and Expression Analysis in Four Ancient Varieties from Tuscany

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 3569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Berni ◽  
Giampiero Cai ◽  
Xuan Xu ◽  
Jean-Francois Hausman ◽  
Gea Guerriero
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Allene Oxide Cyclase ◽  
Sweet Cherries ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Ja Signaling ◽  
The Impact

Sweet cherries are non-climacteric fruits whose early development is characterized by high levels of the phytohormone jasmonic acid (JA). Important parameters, such as firmness and susceptibility to cracking, can be affected by pre- and postharvest treatments of sweet cherries with JA. Despite the impact of JA on sweet cherry development and fruit characteristics, there are no studies (to the best of our knowledge) identifying the genes involved in the JA biosynthetic pathway in this species. We herein identify the sweet cherry members of the lipoxygenase family (13-LOX); allene oxide synthase, allene oxide cyclase and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid reductase 3, as well as genes encoding the transcriptional master regulator MYC2. We analyze their expression pattern in four non-commercial Tuscan varieties (‘Carlotta’, ‘Maggiola’, ‘Morellona’, ‘Crognola’) having different levels of bioactives (namely phenolics). The highest differences are found in two genes encoding 13-LOX in the variety ‘Maggiola’ and one MYC2 isoform in ‘Morellona’. No statistically-significant variations are instead present in the allene oxide synthase, allene oxide cyclase and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid reductase 3. Our data pave the way to follow-up studies on the JA signaling pathway in these ancient varieties, for example in relation to development and post-harvest storage.

scholarly journals Methyl jasmonate-induced accumulation of metabolites and transcriptional responses involved in triterpene biosynthesis in Siraitia grosvenorii fruit at different growing stages

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kailun Zhang ◽  
Zuliang Luo ◽  
Yuhua Guo ◽  
Changming Mo ◽  
Dongping Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Siraitia Grosvenorii ◽  
Meja Treatment ◽  
Reductase Gene ◽  
Triterpenoid Glycosides ◽  
First Time

The cucurbitane-type triterpenoid glycosides, mogrosides, are the main active components of <em>Siraitia grosvenorii</em> fruit. Squalene and cucurbitadienol are among the intermediates of the biosynthetic pathway for the formation of cucurbitane-type triterpenoid backbones of mogrosides. It is recognized that the exogenous application of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) increases the accumulation of secondary metabolites in various plant species. Here, the effect of MeJA (50, 200, and 500 μM) on the accumulation of squalene and cucurbitadienol in the fruits of <em>S. grosvenorii</em> at 10, 20, and 30 days after flowering (DAF) was tested for the first time. Since mogroside II E is the main cucurbitane-type triterpenoid present at this time, its concentration was also determined. The results show that MeJA can indeed promote squalene and cucurbitadienol accumulation, the application of 500 μM MeJA at 30 DAF being optimal. The concentration of squalene and cucurbitadienol increased up to 0.43 and 4.71 μg/g dry weight (DW), respectively, both of which were 1.2-fold greater than that of the control. The content of mogroside II E increased by 15% over the untreated group. We subsequently analyzed the expression of key genes involved in the mogroside biosynthetic pathway, including the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase gene (<em>SgHMGR</em>), squalene synthetase gene (<em>SgSQS</em>), cucurbitadienol synthase gene (<em>SgCS</em>), and cytochrome P450 (<em>SgCYP450</em>) with quantitative real-time PCR. The results showed that transcriptional levels of these genes were upregulated following the treatment described above. Additionally, their responses in the presence of MeJA was related to the concentration and timing of MeJA treatment.

scholarly journals Response of Bioactive Metabolite and Biosynthesis Related Genes to Methyl Jasmonate Elicitation in Codonopsis pilosula

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao-jiao Ji ◽  
Qi Feng ◽  
Hai-feng Sun ◽  
Xue-jun Zhang ◽  
Xiao-xiao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Bioactive Metabolite ◽  
Codonopsis Pilosula ◽  
Meja Treatment ◽  
Metabolite Accumulation ◽  
Culture Growth ◽  
Sucrose Level

Bioactive metabolites in Codonopsis pilosula are of particular interest as an immunostimulant. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) plays an important role in the elicitation of metabolite biosynthesis. Here, we explored the response of metabolites to MeJA elicitation in C. pilosula adventitious roots and multiple shoots. The results showed that the biomass, polysaccharide, and lobetyolin content of adventitious roots exhibited the highest increases with 100 µmol·L−1 MeJA at the 16th day of subculture, whereas the atractylenolide III (a terpenoid) content increased extremely with 50 µmol·L−1 MeJA treatment at the 7th day of subculture. In addition, the biomass and lobetyolin content significantly increased at the 4th day after treatment. Similarly, the polysaccharide and lobetyolin content increased in multiple shoots. Further identification of different metabolites responding to MeJA by 1H-NMR showed an extremely significant increase of the lobetyolinin level, which coincided with lobetyolin. Accordingly, the precursor, fatty acids, showed a highly significant decrease in their levels. Furthermore, a significant increase in β-d-fructose-butanol glycoside was detected, which was accompanied by a decrease in the sucrose level. Accordingly, the enzyme genes responsible for terpenoid and carbohydrate biosynthesis, CpUGPase, and CpPMK, were up regulated. In conclusion, MeJA promoted culture growth and accelerated bioactive metabolite accumulation by regulating the expression of the metabolite biosynthesis related genes, CpUGPase and CpPMK in C. pilosula.

scholarly journals Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection Up-Regulates Sialyl Lewis X Expression in the Lung Epithelium

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Rita Matos ◽  
Kaori L. Fonseca ◽  
Stefan Mereiter ◽  
Ana Raquel Maceiras ◽  
Joana Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Sialyl Lewis X ◽  
Lung Pathology ◽  
Lung Epithelium ◽  
Lewis X ◽  
Sialyl Lewis

Glycans display increasingly recognized roles in pathological contexts, however, their impact in the host-pathogen interplay in many infectious diseases remains largely unknown. This is the case for tuberculosis (TB), one of the ten most fatal diseases worldwide, caused by infection of the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We have recently reported that perturbing the core-2 O-glycans biosynthetic pathway increases the host susceptibility to M. tuberculosis infection, by disrupting the neutrophil homeostasis and enhancing lung pathology. In the present study, we show an increased expression of the sialylated glycan structure Sialyl-Lewis X (SLeX) in the lung epithelium upon M. tuberculosis infection. This increase in SLeX glycan epitope is accompanied by an altered lung tissue transcriptomic signature, with up-regulation of genes codifying enzymes that are involved in the SLeX core-2 O-glycans biosynthetic pathway. This study provides novel insights into previously unappreciated molecular mechanisms involving glycosylation, which modulate the host response to M. tuberculosis infection, possibly contributing to shape TB disease outcome.

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