scholarly journals Advances in Research on the Mechanism of Heterosis in Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xilin Wu ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Yaowei Zhang ◽  
Ran Gu
Keyword(s):  
Small Rna ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Regulatory Network ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Hormone Regulation ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Biological Phenomenon ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Classical Genetics

Heterosis is a common biological phenomenon in nature. It substantially contributes to the biomass yield and grain yield of plants. Moreover, this phenomenon results in high economic returns in agricultural production. However, the utilization of heterosis far exceeds the level of theoretical research on this phenomenon. In this review, the recent progress in research on heterosis in plants was reviewed from the aspects of classical genetics, parental genetic distance, quantitative trait loci, transcriptomes, proteomes, epigenetics (DNA methylation, histone modification, and small RNA), and hormone regulation. A regulatory network of various heterosis-related genes under the action of different regulatory factors was summarized. This review lays a foundation for the in-depth study of the molecular and physiological aspects of this phenomenon to promote its effects on increasing the yield of agricultural production.

scholarly journals Valorization of Kiwi by-Products for the Recovery of Bioactive Compounds: Circular Economy Model

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Franklin Chamorro ◽  
María Carpena ◽  
Bernabé Nuñez-Estevez ◽  
Miguel A. Prieto ◽  
Jesus Simal-Gandara
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
By Products

Currently, agricultural production generates large amounts of organic waste, both from the maintenance of farms and crops, and from the industrialization of the product. Generally, these wastes are accumulated in landfills or burned, sometimes causing environmental problems. However, many scientific studies suggest that these residues are rich in bioactive compounds, so these matrices could be revalued for their use in food, cosmetic, or pharmaceutical industries. In this way, the circular and sustainable economy is favored, while obtaining products with high added value. In this case, this approach is applied to the residues generated from kiwi production, since numerous studies have shown the high content of kiwi in bioactive compounds of interest, such as phenolic compounds, vitamins, and carotenoids. These compounds have been reported for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities, among other beneficial properties for health such as its use as prebiotic. Therefore, this article reviews the potential of residues derived from industrial processing and agricultural maintenance of kiwi as promising matrices for the development of new nutraceutical, cosmetic, or pharmacological products, obtaining, at the same time, economic returns and a reduction of the environmental impact of this industry, attaching it to the perspective of the circular economy.

Electromagnetic Simulation and Dynamic Analysis about the Electromagnetic Propelling System of Magnetic Suspension Launcher

2014 ◽  
Vol 599-601 ◽  
pp. 306-311
Author(s):  
Yun Sheng Zhang ◽  
Xiao Ning Chen ◽  
Li Yang Huang ◽  
Peng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Linear Motor ◽  
Electromagnetic Theory ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Magnetic Suspension ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Electromagnetic Simulation ◽  
Depth Study

Launcher is widely used in rescue and delivering items. On the basis of the electromagnetic theory, magnetic suspension principle and linear motor theory, we put forward the idea of magnetic suspension launcher. Through the theoretical research and simulation analysis, an in- depth study is also given to the distribution of the electromagnetic field and other influential factors concerning the propelling system, which provides the basis for the design of magnetic suspension launcher.

scholarly journals Application mathematical problems as means of implementing competency-based approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 713-725
Author(s):  
Maria E. Chekulaeva ◽  
Natalia V. Sidorova ◽  
Natalia G. Kuzina ◽  
Julia A. Veselovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Educational Process ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Teaching Mathematics ◽  
Educational Standards ◽  
Professional Orientation ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Mathematical Problems ◽  
Professional Field ◽  
Approach Theory ◽  
Competency Based

Having included the list of general and professional competencies in the educational standards, the significant difficulties occurred in their formation and measurement of the level of their achievement in teaching mathematics. The aim of the work is to develop a set of application mathematical problems aimed at the formation of both the skills in subject and certain competencies of the students of the secondary professional institutions. The theoretical research formed the methodological basis. It consists of the theory of competency-based approach, theory of problem solving and applied direction of the course of mathematics. The main directions of creating the complex of application tasks, the content of which has professional orientation, were also defined. The practical part of the study is to determine the content of application tasks in a dedicated professional field, justifying the influence of applied professional-oriented tasks on the formation of general competencies in students. The efficiency of the developed complex of application tasks was estimated during the pedagogical experiment. The results show that this complex promotes both in-depth study of mathematics and the formation of a certain group of competencies in students. The complex is applied in educational process of Ulyanovsk College of Food and Trade. The data of the study can be useful for teachers of mathematics of the secondary professional institutions.

scholarly journals Functional dissection of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) svstem – prospects for animal breeding

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-230
Author(s):  
S. Nedbal ◽  
N. Zink ◽  
H. Lahm ◽  
A. Hoeflich ◽  
E. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Sex Steroids ◽  
Regulatory Network ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Biological Phenomenon ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Igf System ◽  
Autocrine Control ◽  
Complex Regulatory Network

Abstract. Growth is a biological phenomenon that is subject to complex endo-, para-, and autocrine control mechanisms. In addition to insulin, thyroid hormones, sex steroids, and growth hormone (GH), components of the IGF system have been identified as key players in growth regulation. However, since altered growth is often associated with multiple changes in this complex regulatory network, the specific effects of individual components remain to be determined. Therefore, our lab focused on the functional dissection of the IGF system using transgenic mice and other animal models which are characterized by altered expression of individual members of this system. Here we review some of our findings identifying members of the IGF family as candidate genes which may affect important traits in livestock production.

scholarly journals Weed-Competitive Ability of Teff (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) Varieties

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haftamu Gebretsadik Gebrehiwot ◽  
Jens Bernt Aune ◽  
Jan Netland ◽  
Ole Martin Eklo ◽  
Torfinn Torp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eragrostis Tef ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Methods Development ◽  
Hand Weeding

Teff is a staple and well adapted crop in Ethiopia. Weed competition and control have major effects on yields and economic returns of the crop in the country. Among the weed management methods, development and use of weed competitive teff varieties remain the cheapest and most sustainable weed management option. Ten teff varieties were tested for their weed competitive ability in two locations. Treatments were applied using a split plot design with three blocks at each location for two consecutive seasons. Hand weeding and non-weeded treatments were applied to whole plot treatments with teff varieties assigned as split plots within the whole plot. The main objective was to determine relative competitive ability among teff varieties. Results showed that teff varieties showed significant variation in their weed competitive abilities. The varieties ‘Kora’ and ‘DZ-Cr-387’ significantly reduced weed density, dry weight, and cover more than the other teff varieties. They also had the lowest yield losses with a loss of 6% in biomass yield and 18% in grain yield recorded from ‘Kora’ and a loss of 17% in biomass yield and 21% in grain yield recorded from ‘DZ-Cr-387’. Therefore, they showed the highest weed competitive ability compared to the other varieties.

Experimental study on double-stage on-line jet mixing apparatus

2021 ◽  
pp. 2142001
Author(s):  
Zhigang Chen ◽  
Pengcheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Jet Mixing ◽  
Flow Mixing ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
On Line ◽  
Mixing Method ◽  
Jet Nozzle

With the accelerated development of agricultural intelligence and mechanization, the traditional premixed pesticide mixing method has been unable to meet people’s needs for safe, environmental and efficient agricultural production. Therefore, an in-depth study on a variety of new pesticide mixing methods has been conducted at home and abroad. The single-stage on-line jet mixing method has been increasingly used because of its advantages of safety and high efficiency, which, however, proved to have some disadvantages such as difficulty in controlling the pesticide mixing ratio and poor mixing uniformity. In this experiment, a set of double-stage online jet mixing apparatus was designed to solve some shortcomings of single-stage online jet mixing apparatus, and the influence of jet nozzle parameters in the main jet mixing apparatus and the radiation flow mixing apparatus on the final pesticide mixing effect were studied for this apparatus, and the most appropriate jet nozzle parameters were selected.

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