scholarly journals Fitness for Purpose in Online Communities: Community Complexity Framework for Diagnosis and Design of Socio-Technical Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Rychwalska ◽  
Magdalena Roszczyńska-Kurasińska ◽  
Karolina Ziembowicz ◽  
Jeremy V. Pitt
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Peer Production ◽  
Design Of Algorithms ◽  
Emergent Phenomena ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Negative Side Effects ◽  
Community Complexity

Recent discourse on Information and Communication Technologies’ (ICT) impact on societies has been dominated by negative side-effects of information exchange in huge online social systems. Yet, the size of ICT-based communities also provides an unprecedented opportunity for collective action, as exemplified through crowdfunding, crowdsourcing, or peer production. This paper aims to provide a framework for understanding what makes online collectives succeed or fail in achieving complex goals. The paper combines social and complexity sciences’ insights on structures, mechanics, and emergent phenomena in social systems to define a Community Complexity Framework for evaluating three crucial components of complexity: multi-level structuration, procedural self-organization, and common identity. The potential value of such a framework would be to shift the focus of efforts aimed at curing the malfunctions of online social systems away from the design of algorithms that can automatically solve such problems, and toward the development of technologies which enable online social systems to self-organize in a more productive and sustainable way.

Information and Communication Technologies in Turkish Agriculture

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Kamil Okyay Sindir
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Domestic Markets ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Information And Communication

In recent years, the Turkish agricultural sector has had serious problems, such as lower yields, higher input prices, higher production costs and loss of competitiveness in foreign markets, all leading to reductions in both crop and animal production. At the same time, measures such as curtailment of state financial support to farmers and farming businesses, coupled with the increasing costs of production inputs including seeds, fertilizers, sprays, machinery and decreasing crop prices have negatively affected the sector and primarily the farmers. But, besides taking measures affecting structural change, it is also necessary to establish ways of ensuring accurate information exchange between farmers, agri-food industries and institutions for research and development if productivity and improvements in the competitive power of Turkish farmers within foreign and domestic markets are to be assured. The paper outlines the current situation concerning information and communication technologies (ICT) and agriculture in Turkey and the challenges facing the rural sector in striving towards a knowledge society.

scholarly journals Information Sharing with ICT in Production Systems and Operational Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén Jesús Pérez-López ◽  
Jesús Everardo Olguín Tiznado ◽  
María Mojarro Magaña ◽  
Claudia Camargo Wilson ◽  
Juan Andrés López Barreras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Operations Management ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Production Control ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Information And Communication

In globalized times the integration of information and communication technologies in companies and their supply chains is required, but there is uncertainty regarding the true impact that these have on efficiency indices or benefits gained in the productive system. This article reports a structural equation model that contains ten hypotheses with five latent variables associated with the integration of information and communication technology in production systems such as information exchange, operations management, production control, distribution activities, and operational benefits obtained. The paper aims to quantify the relationships among those variables, facilitating managers to make decisions in information and communication technologies (ICT) implementation. The model is validated with information from 80 responses to a questionnaire applied to manufacturing companies, and partial least-squares technique is used to statistically validate the hypotheses; the results indicate that the implementation of information technologies facilitates the exchange of information, operations management and production control. This means that ICT integration can create visibility for a supply chain in a material’s flow among partners, facilitate operations management in production lines and distribution activities, and these benefits are ultimately transformed into operational benefits that managers measure as flexibility, low cost and short cycles times with customers.

scholarly journals Secured Crypto Stegano Data Hiding Using Least Significant Bit Substitution and Encryption

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Subarna Shakya ◽  
Sanjita Lamichhane
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Data Hiding ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Cryptographic Algorithm ◽  
Secure Data Transmission ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Specific Position ◽  
College Of Engineering

<p>Information Exchange has always been an integral part of our lives. With the rapid advancement in Information and communication technologies, communication and information exchange have become much easier and faster but at the same time the issues regarding security of data and its confidentiality have become our major concern. Cryptography and Steganography are two such data hiding techniques that can be combined together in order to enhance data security. Cryptography scrambles a message so that it cannot be understood whereas Steganography hides its existence. In this process, message is first encrypted using an algorithm based on Fibonacci series or the Rijndael cryptographic algorithm and then the encrypted message is embedded inside an image using improved Least Significant Bit substitution method where the secret information is stored into a specific position of Least Significant Bit of an image based on the security key entered. This combinational methodology will satisfy the requirements such as capacity, security and robustness for secure data transmission over an open channel.</p><p><strong>Journal of Advanced College of Engineering and Management</strong>, Vol. 2, 2016, Page: 105-112</p>

Electronic Government

2011 ◽  
pp. 634-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gronlund
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Electronic Government ◽  
Digital Government ◽  
Strong Focus ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Governance Processes

Digital government, electronic government, online government, wired government, virtual government—there are many terms used to refer to the contemporary strong focus, in practice as in research, on increasing the amount and sophistication of information and communication technologies (ICT) use in government and governance processes. While the terms are largely used as synonyms, there is no unambiguous definition of the field. Some use the terms to refer specifically to government services to citizens (G2C), but definitions by influential actors typically define electronic government in governance terms. The former definitions typically focus on efficiency issues, often directly concerning the ICT components, while the latter ones concern effectiveness and focus on systems aspects, organizations, and social systems in general, rather than individual components. While reduced cost per delivered form is a typical measurement emanating from research following from the first kind of definition, reduced corruption is one from the latter. This article investigates the content of the electronic government (e-gov) field briefly by exhibiting (1) definitions, theoretically anchored ones as well as definitions-in-use emerging from practice, (2) examples of work, including steps in the development over time, (3) models for evaluation, and (4) considerations about the future of the phenomenon based on the development so far. Altogether this gives a view of a vast field, not unequivocally defined but in practice framed by a number of similar practices, strategies, critical issues, and technologies. It is also regularly monitored globally by methods commonly used. While these are not uncontested and subject to different technical, social, and business-oriented viewpoints, they do contribute to the framing of the field as a practice.

Ausgestaltung der digitalen Vernetzung zwischen Investitionsgüterproduzenten und Lieferanten

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Rusch
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Capital Goods ◽  
Relationship Strength ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Way

Digital transformation of the economy is changing the way companies in supply chains communicate with each other. In this work, the author derives managerial options for establishing digital linkages between capital goods producers and suppliers. He thereby evaluates the suitability of information and communication technologies for establishing such linkages. Furthermore, the author analyses what effects information exchange has on performance. For companies, this shows the extent to which they must take into account contextual factors such as the complexity of a procurement task, relationship strength or their dependence on a partner when implementing digital linkages.

Technologies of Peace

2021 ◽  
pp. 413-428
Author(s):  
Allard Duursma ◽  
John Karlsrud
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Early Action ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Negative Side Effects

This chapter examines the effects of the digital revolution and new information and communication technologies on peacekeeping and peacebuilding. The chapter is concerned with how digital and web-based information and communication technologies can be used to prevent and manage armed violence, foster inclusive societies, and ensure a durable and high-quality peace. The UN is increasingly adopting new technologies, particularly within the field of peacekeeping. To increase situational awareness, UN peacekeeping staff have crowdsourced information and used drones and satellite imagery. In addition, the analysis of peacekeeping data holds great potential for early warning. New technological tools can help foster collaboration, transform attitudes, and give a stronger voice to local communities. Online platforms have been used to monitor elections, document human rights abuses, and facilitate communication between members of different sides in a conflict. However, since one cannot simply assume that technology will change everything for the better, it is crucial to be aware of the ethical implications of the use of new peace technologies. The UN needs to be careful that early warning is translated into early action. Peacekeepers and peacebuilders should also be vigilant when it comes to mitigating the possible abuse and negative side effects of the use of peace technologies. The chapter concludes that peace technologies significantly influence the prospects for peacekeeping and peacebuilding, particularly when the use of technology helps peacekeepers and peacebuilders be more people-centric.

scholarly journals Transnational Migration and Sociocultural practices : mapping the use of ICTs

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sofia Cavalcanti Zanforlin
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Transnational Migration ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Local Experience ◽  
Sociocultural Practices ◽  
First Results ◽  
Information And Communication

<p>The following paper intends to present the first results of the research Migration and Intercultural Communication : transnational flows, local interferences and the use of ICTs. One of the aims of this research is to study the transnational sociocultural practices through the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) of the migrants in the Federal District of Brazil. This research is based on the following questions : can we qualify the recent migration flows to Brazil as a transnational phenomenon ? If yes, what is the role of the ICTs in the information exchange between migrants ? How do these technologies interfere and re-create sociocultural practices during the migrant's process of belonging ? We wish to understand how is it that ICTs make it possible for a twofold local experience : that of the daily life of those who stayed and that of the living experience of those who moved.</p>

scholarly journals СТВОРЕННЯ ЕЛЕКТРОННИХ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ КУРСІВ ЗАСОБАМИ ВІЛЬНОГО ПРОГРАМНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Vladyslav Ye. Velychko
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Status ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
Modern Vision

Informatization of education enriches traditional teaching methods with new forms and methods, which are based on the broad and harmonious use of ICT. Electronic pedagogy acquires the status of one of the most popular trends in the development of pedagogy of our time, in which such a tool as e-learning courses is the result of the accumulation of modern information and communication technologies with the theory and practice of e-learning. The article examines the standards of information exchange between learning systems and free software used to create e-learning courses. It is noted that electronic training courses are part of distance learning systems, as well as an independent tool. The considered systems of creation of electronic training courses allow creating electronic educational resources independently or partially, relying on the modern vision of the object model of information representation.

scholarly journals Use of communication technologies in document exchange for the management of construction projects

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Peter Mesároš ◽  
Tomáš Mandičák
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Construction Project Management ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
Information And Communication

Abstract Information and communication technologies represent a set of people, processes, technical and software tools providing collection, transport, storage and processing of data for distribution and presentation of information. Particularly communication systems are the main tool for information exchange. Of the other part, these technologies have a broad focus and use. One of them is the exchange of documents in the management of construction projects. Paper discusses the issue of exploitation level of communication technologies in construction project management. The main objective of this paper is to analyze exploitation level of communication technologies. Another aim of the paper is to compare exploitation level or rate of document exchange by electronic communication devices and face-to-face communication.

Development of information economy in Russia under modern conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Наталья Багрова ◽  
Natalya Bagrova
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Evolutionary Stage ◽  
Information Economy ◽  
Information Process ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Information And Communication

The article highlights the issue of forming the information economy of Russia as a new evolutionary stage of development of economy and society. Formation of the information economy and society occurs through the information development on the basis of best international practices and includes the economic development of our country, as well as the widespread use of information and communication technologies. The author formulates the problems going with this process in today´s post-crisis development, associated with the revolutionary establishment of the information economy in Russia. Seamless exchange of information acts as the basis for the active introduction of innovations in the economy of modern countries and for the information economy formation. The author notes that the information economy development in our country is mainly due to the informatization of society. At the same time it is strategic goal, as strong economic growth is not possible without further introduction and development of information and communication technologies. The development of the information society and economy is characterized by the comprehensive focus and dynamism, because the collection, processing, storage and use of information act as the primary type of activity carried out through using a variety of tools and systems for information exchange. Therefore, the economy of the information society, is not only global in nature, but is a &#34;virtual&#34;, based on the active use of a virtual environment for its development. The author analyzes the data on the deepening of the information process and progress of the Russian Federation in the field of information and communication technologies, as well as raises the problems caused by the uneven development of the information environment of the country and the world. In this connection it is necessary to develop and implement information development programs and policies of certain types of activity and society as a whole. The process of forming the information economy in Russia is very slow, but it is one of the most important conditions for sustainable development and further integration of our country into the global economy.

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