scholarly journals Intention to Engage in Winter Sport in Climate Change Affected Environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anika Frühauf ◽  
Martin Niedermeier ◽  
Martin Kopp
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Affective Valence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Winter Sport ◽  
Sport Activities

Exercise, including winter sport activities, shows positive effects on physical and mental health, with additional benefits when participating in natural environments. Winter sport activities are particularly vulnerable to climate change, since global warming will decrease the duration and amount of snow. In the context of climate change in alpine environments, little is known on the determinants of winter sport behavior. Thus, the following study primarily aimed at comparing the effect of being exposed to a climate change affected scenario (CCA) or to a climate change unaffected scenario (CCU) on the intention to engage in recreational winter sport activities. Secondly, we aimed to analyze the role of anticipated affective responses during exercising based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). An experimental cross-sectional web-based study design was used. Participants were randomly allocated to pictures of either CCA or CCU. TPB variables and affective responses with regard to the displayed scenarios were assessed. Statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney-U Tests, linear regression, and mediation analyses. Significant group differences were seen in all TPB variables, p < 0.038; −0.13 < r < −0.30, as well as in affective responses, p < 0.001; −0.24 < r < −0.85. Lower intention to engage in winter sport activities and lower anticipated affective valence during exercising was found in CCA compared to CCU. Attitude toward winter sport was significantly positively associated with intention to engage in winter sport, beta = 0.66, p < 0.001. The effect of group allocation on attitude was mediated by anticipated affective valence, indirect effect = 0.37, p < 0.001. Intention to engage in recreational winter sport activities was lower in participants exposed to the climate change affected winter sport scenario. Since affective valence seems to influence attitude and consequently intention to exercise, the role of non-cognitive variables with regard to climate change related exposure should be considered in future studies. Therefore, winter sport resorts may consider altered winter sport behaviors due to the consequences of climate change as well as the importance of providing an optimal framework to enhance affective valence of their guests in order to mitigate potential changes in winter sports behavior.

scholarly journals Parental Punishment and Adolescents’ Loneliness: A Moderated Mediation Model of General Self-Concept and Teacher–Student Relationships

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Luo ◽  
Anyi Wu ◽  
Hui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Students ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Student Relationships ◽  
Teacher Student Relationships ◽  
Teacher Student

Background: Loneliness adversely affects physical and mental health; therefore, it is necessary to explore its related influencing factors and mechanisms. This study investigated the mediating role of general self-concept in the association between parental punishment (PP) and adolescent loneliness and as well as the moderating role of teacher–student relationships (TSR) in Chinese students.Methods: Data were obtained from 1,169 Chinese students (10–18years old) using several self-report questionnaires: the Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran (EMBU), Self-Description Questionnaire (SDQ), Teacher–Student Relationships Scale (TSR), and UCLA Loneliness Scale. Data were analyzed with IBM SPSS 22.0, and the PROCESS macro program.Results: (1) Parental punishment had a positive predictive effect on adolescent loneliness, (2) parental punishment predicted adolescent loneliness not only directly but also indirectly through the mediating effect of general self-concept, and (3) teacher–student relationships moderated the influence of PP on adolescent loneliness.Conclusion: Adolescent loneliness is less affected by parental punishment when TSRs are better. Additionally, when adolescents are punished less by their parents and have good teacher–student relationships, they have higher general self-concepts.Limitations: This study’s cross-sectional research design was unable to show causal relationships among the factors influencing adolescent loneliness.

The Role of Gender in Violence Experienced by Adults With Developmental Disabilities

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Platt ◽  
Laurie Powers ◽  
Sandra Leotti ◽  
Rosemary B. Hughes ◽  
Susan Robinson-Whelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Adult Sexual Abuse

Violence against people with developmental disabilities is a highly prevalent yet understudied phenomenon. In particular, there is a paucity of literature surrounding the role of gender and the experiences of men. Using a cross-sectional study design, we surveyed 350 people with diverse developmental disabilities about experiences of abuse, perpetrators of abuse, and their physical and mental health status. These data were analyzed to determine whether gender influenced these domains. Statistical methods included chi-square, independent t tests, logistic regression, and hierarchical multiple regressions. Male and female participants reported abuse at high rates, with 61.9% of men and 58.2% of women reporting abuse as children and 63.7% of men and 68.2% of women reporting abuse as adults. More women than men reported adult sexual abuse, but there was no gender difference in the prevalence of any other form of abuse. Women were more likely than men to identify an intimate partner as their abuser, although intimate partners represented the minority of abusers for both men and women. Violence was associated with worse health status regardless of participant gender. These findings confirm that violence is an important issue for both men and women with developmental disabilities. Although some expected gender differences arose, such as higher rates of adult sexual abuse and intimate partner violence against women, these differences were less pronounced than they are in the general population, and the overall picture of abuse was one of gender similarities rather than differences.

scholarly journals Determinants of Capital Formation of Smallholder Farmers in Kyrgyzstan

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dastan Aseinov ◽  
Burulcha Sulaimanova ◽  
Kamalbek Karymshakov
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
Physical Assets

Capital formation is crucial to increase output volume and quality in agricultural production activity of households. This study examines factors affecting capital formation of smallholder farmers in Kyrgyzstan ranging from household characteristics to location of farmers. Along with other traditional potential constraints that may have impact on capital formation, we examine the role of social network activities. These expenditures on customs and traditions may have both negative and positive effects on the capital formation in agriculture. Our empirical analysis is based on the cross-sectional household survey data for 2013. According to our findings, the amount of physical assets of households in Kyrgyzstan mainly depends on the share of expenses on customs and traditions, the total income, gender differences and the ethnicity of the head of household.

scholarly journals Monitoring the evolution of individuals’ flood-related adaptive behaviors over time: two cross-sectional surveys conducted in the Province of Quebec, Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Valois ◽  
Maxime Tessier ◽  
David Bouchard ◽  
Denis Talbot ◽  
Alexandre J. S. Morin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Adaptive Behaviors ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prone Area ◽  
Flood Prone Area ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Flood Adaptation

Abstract Climate change is predicted to increase the frequency and intensity of floods in the province of Quebec, Canada. Therefore, in 2015, to better monitor the level of adaptation to flooding of Quebec residents living in or near a flood-prone area, the Quebec Observatory of Adaptation to Climate Change developed five indices of adaptation to flooding, according to the chronology of events. The present study was conducted 4 years later and is a follow-up to the 2015 one. Two independent samples of 1951 (2015) and 974 (2019) individuals completed a questionnaire on their adoption (or non-adoption) of flood adaptation behaviors, their perception of the mental and physical impacts of flooding, and their knowledge of the fact that they lived in a flood-prone area. The results of the study demonstrated the measurement invariance of the five indices across two different samples of people over time, ensuring that the differences (or absence of differences) observed in flood-related adaptive behaviors between 2015 and 2019 were real and not due to measurement errors. They also showed that, overall, Quebeckers’ flood-related adaptive behaviors have not changed considerably since 2015, with adaptation scores being similar in 2019 for four of the five flood indices. Moreover, the results indicated an increase in self-reported physical and mental health issues related to past flooding events, as well as a larger proportion of people having consulted a health professional because of these problems. Thus, this study provides a better understanding of flood adaptation in Quebec over the past 4 years and confirms that the five adaptive behavior indices developed in 2015 are appropriate tools for monitoring changes in flood adaptation in the province. Finally, our results showed that little has changed in Quebeckers’ adoption of adaptive behaviors, highlighting the need for awareness raising in order to limit the impacts that climate change will have on the population.

The Role of Public Skepticism and Distrust in the Process of CSR Communication

2019 ◽  
pp. 232948841986688
Author(s):  
Sora Kim ◽  
Hyejoon Rim
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Personal Relevance ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Csr Communication ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Moderated Mediation Model ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Moderating Role

Through a cross-sectional online survey, this study examines the moderated mediation model of public skepticism toward organizational altruism and public distrust of CSR messages in the process of corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication. Focusing solely on CSR communication elements rather than CSR practice, this study sheds light on the significant role that effective CSR communication elements play in attenuating public skepticism and further inducing positive public evaluations of an organization. Our results suggest that skepticism toward altruism is significantly reduced by the six effective CSR communication elements—CSR informativeness, transparency, objectivity, consistency, personal relevance, and a less promotional tone. In turn, an organization is able to restore the publics’ positive evaluation of it. Although this study confirms the moderating role of public distrust in the process, it also reveals this moderating role to move in an unexpected direction. That is, the positive effects of effective CSR communication elements are much greater for people who have stronger distrust of CSR messages than those with less distrust. This indicates that public distrust of CSR messages (developed over time) may be overcome with quality CSR communication.

scholarly journals Climate change: what people living in Jammu city of India know?

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1746
Author(s):  
Riya Gupta ◽  
Mudasir Majeed ◽  
Rashmi Kumari ◽  
Rajiv Kumar Gupta ◽  
Bhavna Langer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
The People ◽  
Background Climate ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background: Climate change has emerged as one of the greatest challenges of the present century. The current study explores the knowledge, attitudes and practices about climate change of the adults aged 18 years and above in Jammu city of North India.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among attendants of the patients visiting medical OPD of a tertiary care teaching hospital. A pilot tested questionnaire eliciting information on knowledge, attitudes and practices about climate change was administered to those who were willing to participate.  The data collected was presented in proportions.Results: Majority (95%) of the respondents had heard of the term climate change, and 43.9% of them related it to changes in the weather pattern. Plastic use as a major cause of climate change was agreed upon by 95% of the respondents. About half of the respondents were very much concerned about climate change and 80% of them were very much interested in knowing more about climate change and its impact. Only 24.8% of the respondents read/watch stories on climate change.Conclusions: Knowledge levels of the respondents were found to be reasonably good but the same cannot be said about their attitude and practices. Role of NGOs, social communities and media is of utmost importance to make people aware of the harmful effects of climate change on both the environment as well as the health of the people.

scholarly journals Examining the drivers of deviant service adaption in fashion retailing: the role of tenure

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Mortimer ◽  
Shasha Wang
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Fashion Retail ◽  
Deviance Theory

PurposeFashion retail employees sometimes “bend the rules” to help their customers. Referred to as customer-oriented deviance, this study responds to calls to examine the motivational antecedents of this behavior. This research also tests the moderating effect of tenure on the relationships between a frontline employee's motivations, their customer-oriented deviance behaviors and commitment to the organization.Design/methodology/approachData were collected via a self-completed, anonymous, online survey provided to a sample of 390 sales associates employed in retail fashion businesses.FindingsFindings demonstrate that fashion retail employees were inclined to adapt service procedures and engage in deviant communication about either their organization and/or the products they sell for both pro-social and self-directed reasons. Interestingly, long-tenured employees demonstrated consistently lower motivations to engage in consumer-oriented deviance compared to short-tenured employees. However, analysis indicated no significant differences between short-tenured and long-tenured employees in their consumer-oriented deviance behaviors and commitment to the organization.Research limitations/implicationsThe cross-sectional nature and single-level data collection naturally put limitations on the generalizability of this research. The study does not examine alternative constructs that might mediate/moderate tested relationships, such as perceived empowerment, gender or risk, hence, future potential avenues for further inquiry are presented.Originality/valueThis research contributes to positive deviance theory and extends existing knowledge by developing an extensive model of motivational antecedents, a moderator and an outcome of consumer-oriented deviant behavior. For managers, this research provides valuable insights for organizations, which may create positive effects on service quality and a reduction in employee turnover.

scholarly journals Distance learning, technological devices, lifestyle and behavior of children and their family during the COVID-19 lockdown in Lombardy: a survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Picca ◽  
Paola Manzoni ◽  
Gregorio Paolo Milani ◽  
Susanna Mantovani ◽  
Claudio Cravidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Effects

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent national lockdowns, school closures and distance learning may have had both negative and positive effects on physical and mental health of children. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on a large group of children between 1 and 10 years old in Lombardy, Italy (n = 3392). Their parents filled in a survey answering single or multiple-choice questions about their offspring’s behavior changes (including sleep, dietary habits, emotional disturbances), relationship with siblings, parents and peers, the use of digital technologies, and distance learning experience during the lockdown. Results Parents reported lifestyles and emotional alterations during the lockdown. The modifications of family relationships, parents’ remote working, and screen time were associated with sleep, emotional and behavioral modifications. Distance learning was overall considered adequate. Conclusions This study reported the most updated data on the effects of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on children between 1 and 10 years of age in a large sample of Italian schoolchildren. The results of this study point out that pediatricians and authorities should support relationships within families during the COVID-19 pandemic. Parents’ remote working might play an important role for this purpose.

scholarly journals Physiotherapists’ knowledge on the provision of physiotherapy to people with mental illness. A study from Paraguay

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-113
Author(s):  
Marcos Almirón ◽  
Iván Barrios ◽  
Marcelo O’Higgins ◽  
Israel González ◽  
João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Data Collection Instrument

Introduction: Physiotherapy improves the quality of life in people with mental disorders through the optimization of their physical and mental health. This study aimed to determine the knowledge of physiotherapists about the provision of Physiotherapy services to people with mental disorders, about the role of Physiotherapy in the treatment of physical illnesses of mentally ill persons and in the treatment of the mental disorder itself. Methodology: A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional, and prospective study was conducted. 187 physiotherapists practicing in Paraguay, of both sexes, were surveyed. The data collection instrument was a Spanish version of the survey used by Andrew et al., which was adapted. Results: 46.52% of physiotherapists stated that Physiotherapy is useful to manage the physical symptoms of people with mental disorders. 55.61% reported that they needed more information and/or training on managing physical conditions affecting these people. 75.94% declared that they were aware that Physiotherapy can be used as treatment for some mental disorders, mainly as an adjuvant treatment to both pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy (54.55%). Participants scored anxiety disorders (23.88%), major depression disorder (21.99%) and Alzheimer's disease (21.48%) as those conditions that could most benefit from a physiotherapeutic intervention. Also, 21.93% of the respondents reported the need of more information on how to interact and communicate with people with mental disorders. Conclusion: There are gaps in the knowledge of physiotherapists in Paraguay about the provision of Physiotherapy to people with mental disorders. An adequate training and education of physiotherapists on mental illness is encouraged.

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