scholarly journals Comparison of Transmittance and Reflectance Pulse Oximetry in Anesthetized Dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Nixdorff ◽  
Yury Zablotski ◽  
Katrin Hartmann ◽  
Rene Dörfelt
Keyword(s):  
Failure Rate ◽  
Pulse Oximeter ◽  
Matched Pair ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Probe Site ◽  
Pulse Oximeter Probe

Objectives: The tongue is the standard site for placement of a pulse oximeter probe but is difficult to access during certain procedures such as dental and ophthalmic procedures and computerized tomography of the head. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a new-generation reflectance pulse oximeter using the tail and tibia as sites for probe attachment.Materials and Methods: A total of 100 client-owned dogs that underwent anesthesia for various reasons were premedicated with butorphanol (n = 50; 0.2 mg/kg; group BUT) or butorphanol and dexmedetomidine (n = 50; 5 μg/kg; group DEX), administered intravenously. Anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with sevoflurane. A transmittance pulse oximeter probe was placed on the tongue and served as the reference standard. A reflectance probe was randomly placed on the tail base or the proximal tibia, and the position changed after testing. Signals from three consecutive measurements were obtained at each position. Failure was defined as “no signal,” “low signal,” or a pulse difference >10/min compared with the ECG heart rate. Data were analyzed using chi-square test, Wilcoxon matched-pair signed-rank test, and Bland-Altman analysis. P < 0.05 was considered significant.Results: In both groups (BUT and DEX), failure rate was higher when the tibia and tail were used as probe sites compared with the tongue. In both groups, the failure rate was higher for the tibia than for the tail. Dexmedetomidine-induced vasoconstriction increased failure rate at all probe positions.Clinical Significance: The tail base, but not the tibia, is an acceptable position for reflectance pulse oximeter probes in dogs. The tongue remains the probe site of choice, if accessible.

scholarly journals COVID-19, Lockdown and Its Effect on Consumption Behavior of Household: Evidence from Maharashtra State, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-82
Author(s):  
Sachin Pawar ◽  
Abhijeet Birari ◽  
Jitendrasinh Jamadar
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Consumption Behavior ◽  
Logistics Regression ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The purpose of this paper is to assess the effect of COVID-19, nationwide lockdown, and measures taken by the central bank to adjust the consumer behavior of households in Maharashtra, India. This study used a structured questionnaire to achieve the objectives with a sample size of 221 and statistical tools like Logistics regression, Kruskal Wallis Test, Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, and Chi-Square Test. The results indicate that COVID-19 decreased the consumption of the household and that there was a significantly positive relationship between the level of consumption during lockdown and age, gender, number of dependents, income, education level, and region. People tend to lower their consumption for non-essential categories and increase for essential ones. The current study is considered the first of its kind conducted in Maharashtra, India. To the best of our knowledge, there were no such studies regarding measuring the impact of COVID-19 on household consumption.

scholarly journals Level of ERAS understanding affects practitioners’ practice and perception of early postoperative resumption of oral intake: a nationwide survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huizhen Huang ◽  
Yuelun Zhang ◽  
Le Shen ◽  
Yuguang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Mainland China ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Understanding

Abstract Background Early postoperative resumption of oral intake is supposed to be safe and beneficial to patients recovery. However, practitioners still have great confusion and disagreement about postoperative resumption of oral intake. This is a nationwide survey to investigate the current status of clinical practice and practitioners’ attitude toward postoperative resumption of oral intake along with their level of understanding of the ERAS guidelines. Methods An anonymous web-based survey questionnaire via mobile social platform was carried out in mainland China from December 11–20, 2020. The Wilcoxon signed rank test or chi-square test was used to compare the propensity of the resumption of oral intake. Results Totally 5370 responses were received, and 89% of them were from anesthesiology departments. The nature of the responses from clinical practitioners was highly diverse, but each of the three surgery types showed unique patterns of ERAS implementation. The respondents were more conservative regarding the commencement of both fluid and solid diets after gastrointestinal (GI) and hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) surgery than after non-abdominal (NA) surgery. Most respondents agreed that early oral intake is beneficial to reduce postoperative complications improve bowel recovery and overall outcome. 55% respondents considered themselves to have a better understanding of ERAS and tended to initiate oral intake early for all three surgery types (P < 0.001). Conclusions The postoperative resumption of oral intake is highly variable among GI, HPB and NA surgeries. A better understanding of ERAS would encourage practitioners to commence oral intake resumption much earlier.

scholarly journals Level of Understanding of Eras Affects Practitioners’ Practice and Perception of Early Postoperative Resumption of Oral Intake: A Nationwide Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huizhen Huang ◽  
Yuelun Zhang ◽  
Le Shen ◽  
Yuguang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Mainland China ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Understanding

Abstract Background: Early postoperative resumption of oral intake is supposed to be safe and beneficial to patients recovery. However, practitioners still have great confusion and disagreement about postoperative resumption of oral intake. This is a nationwide survey to investigate the current status of clinical practice and practitioners’ attitude toward postoperative resumption of oral intake along with their level of understanding of the ERAS guidelines.Methods: An anonymous web-based survey questionnaire via mobile social platform was carried out in mainland China from December 11-20, 2020. The Wilcoxon signed rank test or chi-square test was used to compare the propensity of the resumption of oral intake.Results: Totally 5370 responses were received, and 89% of them were from anesthesiology departments. The nature of the responses from clinical practitioners was highly diverse, but each of the three surgery types showed unique patterns of ERAS implementation. The respondents were more conserved regarding the commencement of both fluid and solid diets after gastrointestinal (GI) and hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) surgery than after non-abdominal (NA) surgery. Most respondents agreed that early oral intake is beneficial to reduce postoperative complications improve bowel recovery and overall outcome. 55% respondents considered themselves to have a better understanding of ERAS and tended to initiate oral intake early for all three surgery types (P<0.001).Conclusions: The postoperative resumption of oral intake is highly variable among GI, HPB and NA surgeries. A better understanding of ERAS would encourage practitioners to commence oral intake resumption much earlier.

scholarly journals The influence of immediately loaded basal implant treatment on patient satisfaction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadia Awadalkreem ◽  
Nadia Khalifa ◽  
Asim Satti ◽  
Ahmed Mohamed Suleiman
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Patients Satisfaction ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Predominantly Female

Abstract Background: Improving patient satisfaction and quality of life is of great importance when considering the different prosthetic treatment options for patients with severely resorbed residual alveolar ridges. We aimed to evaluate and compare patients’ satisfaction when changing from fixed, removable, and/or conventional implant prostheses to basal implant-supported prostheses. Methods : Sixty patients with a history of fixed, removable, and/or conventional implant prostheses who received basal implant-supported prostheses (BCS Ò , IHDE Implant System) were included in this study. Direct interviews were conducted using a four-section questionnaire that covered sociodemographic data, clinical examination, information on previous prostheses, and new implant information. The obtained data were statistically analysed using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test and chi-square test. Results: Patients were predominantly female, partially edentulous, and aged between 40 and 59 years. Patients’ general satisfaction with basal implants was very high (7.7 out of 8). Patients’ satisfaction with comfort, mastication, speech, and aesthetics significantly improved with the new basal implants. Males aged between 40 and 59 years and patients who had previously used both fixed and removable prostheses were generally the most satisfied. Although some patients had complaints, they still had high satisfaction and would choose the same treatment modality again. Conclusions: Basal implant-supported prostheses have a positive impact on oral health and highly increase patients’ satisfaction.

scholarly journals Gambler's Fallacy as Behavioural Bias Of Young Investor

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
Dian Wijayanti ◽  
Tarsisius Renald Suganda ◽  
Feni Sufuiana Thewelis
Keyword(s):  
Weak Form ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Gambler’S Fallacy ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Trading Decisions ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Gambler's Fallacy

This research aims to identify the behavioural bias of Gambler's Fallacy of young investors in Malang. This research was done by doing a survey method i.e. doing the dissemination of questionnaires to young investors in Malang. The number of samples gained from questionnaires were 108 respondents. questionnaires were assessed using Likert scale and analysed by using non-parametric test: Chi Square Test and Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test to answer the hypothesis and research questions. The results showed that behavioural bias of Gambler’s Fallacy on young investors in Malang when they trade in uptrend and downtrend stock market with an equal probability. Based on the results, this research concluded that in making trading decisions, young investors in Malang are still very influenced by psychological factors and tend to follow their personal intuition. This shows that weak-form efficiency is inefficient.

scholarly journals Short-Term Effect of Orthodontic Treatment with Clear Aligners on Pain and sEMG Activity of Masticatory Muscles

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Alessandro Nota ◽  
Silvia Caruso ◽  
Shideh Ehsani ◽  
Gianmaria Fabrizio Ferrazzano ◽  
Roberto Gatto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Nominal Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Initial Reduction ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Semg Activity

Background and objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate mandibular elevator muscles activity and pain on palpation in the early stages of orthodontic treatment with clear aligners using surface electromyography (sEMG). Materials and methods: Surface electromyography (sEMG) activity and pain level on muscle palpation of masseter and anterior temporalis muscles were recorded in a sample of 16 adult subjects (aged 18–32 years; mean 22.5 +/− 3.5 SD) undergoing orthodontic treatment with clear aligners before the treatment (T0), after 1 month of treatment (two clear aligners) (T1), and after 3 months of treatment (T2) (six clear aligners). A chi-square test for nominal data, a Friedman test, and a Wilcoxon-signed rank test as post hoc analysis were applied. Results: No statistically significant differences in muscular pain were observed. At T1, the sEMG activity of masseter muscles at mandibular rest position showed a statistically significant reduction, but after 3 months (T2), the data appeared similar to T0 (p = 0.03 and p = 0.02). Conclusions: During the treatment with clear aligners, subjects could experience an initial reduction in the masseter basal activity after 1 month of treatment. This effect tends to decrease to baseline levels after 3 months of therapy.

scholarly journals Clinical and doppler monitoring of patients with Takayasu arteritis with ITAS 2010 and CDUS-K score respectively following medical intervention: a 12 months follow-up study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3602
Author(s):  
Debanjali Sinha ◽  
Sumantro Mondal ◽  
Arijit Nag ◽  
Debasish Lahiri ◽  
Alakendu Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Takayasu Arteritis ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Matched Pair ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Signed Rank Test

Background: The objective of the present study was to monitor the disease activity of Takayasu arteritis clinically by the Indian Takayasu Activity Score 2010 (ITAS) and ultra sonographically by Colour Doppler Ultrasound-Kolkata (CDUS-K) Score after 12months of treatment with methotrexate and steroid, and to find the correlation between these two scores.Methods: Around 25 Angiographically proven Takayasu arteritis patients were treated with Methotrexate (15mg weekly) and Steroids (1mg/kg/day for 6weeks and then tapered) for 12months. Wilcoxon matched pair signed rank test was done to assess the change in ITAS 2010 with treatment. A correlation study was done between ITAS 2010 and change in CDUS-K scores at the end of 12months.Results: By Wilcoxon’s matched pair signed rank test, a non-significant change of ITAS 2010 (p=0.066) was observed at the end of 12months, which means that the treatment helps to control the disease progression by preventing a significant increase in ITAS 2010. Strong correlation (correlation coefficient of 0.878, 95% CI = 0.602 to 1.000) was found between the ITAS 2010 and change in CDUS-K scores at 12months follow up.Conclusions: The combination of Methotrexate and steroids helps to control the disease progression in Takayasu arteritis. Colour doppler ultrasonography may serve as a reliable and safe surrogate disease activity measure at follow up, as it avoids the radioactivity exposure and invasiveness of angiography.

scholarly journals LED vs Halogen Light-Curing of Adhesive-Precoated Brackets

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 935-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Mirabella ◽  
Raffaele Spena ◽  
Giovanni Scognamiglio ◽  
Lombardo Luca ◽  
Antonio Gracco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Failure Rate ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Halogen Lamp ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Halogen Light ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Light Curing ◽  
Bracket Failure

Abstract Objective: To test the hypothesis that bonding with a blue light-emitting diode (LED) curing unit produces no more failures in adhesive-precoated (APC) orthodontic brackets than bonding carried out by a conventional halogen lamp. Materials and Methods: Sixty-five patients were selected for this randomized clinical trial, in which a total of 1152 stainless steel APC brackets were employed. In order to carry out a valid comparison of the bracket failure rate following use of each type of curing unit, each patient's mouth was divided into four quadrants. In 34 of the randomly selected patients, designated group A, the APC brackets of the right maxillary and left mandibular quadrants were bonded using a halogen light, while the remaining quadrants were treated with an LED curing unit. In the other 31 patients, designated group B, halogen light was used to cure the left maxillary and right mandibular quadrants, whereas the APC brackets in the remaining quadrants were bonded using an LED dental curing light. The bonding date, the type of light used for curing, and the date of any bracket failures over a mean period of 8.9 months were recorded for each bracket and, subsequently, the chi-square test, the Yates-corrected chi-square test, the Fisher exact test, Kaplan-Meier survival estimates, and the log-rank test were employed in statistical analyses of the results. Results: No statistically significant difference in bond failure rate was found between APC brackets bonded with the halogen light-curing unit and those cured with LED light. However, significantly fewer bonding failures were noted in the maxillary arch (1.67%) than in the mandibular arch (4.35%) after each light-curing technique. Conclusions: The hypothesis cannot be rejected since use of an LED curing unit produces similar APC bracket failure rates to use of conventional halogen light, with the advantage of a far shorter curing time (10 seconds).

Phase Ib study: APL-1202 (APL) in combination with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in recurrent non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e17039-e17039
Author(s):  
John Sfakianos ◽  
Neal D. Shore ◽  
John Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Acid Reflux ◽  
Matched Pair ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Methionine Aminopeptidases ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Phase 1B ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Muscle Invasive ◽  
To Receive

e17039 Background: APL is a selective human methionine aminopeptidases II (MetAP2) inhibitor. In preclinical studies, APL has demonstrated both anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activities as well as a potential synergistic effect with BCG or PD-1. A. This phase 1b study assesses the tolerability and pharmacokinetics (PK) characteristics of oral APL and intravesical BCG combination in HR NMIBC pts. Methods: Pts who had received a prior induction course of BCG within 12 weeks (wks) of enrollment and were scheduled to receive either maintenance or another induction course of BCG were given 750 mg/day APL (2x125 mg tablet, TID) for 12 wks. The tolerability and PK of APL was evaluated one wk prior to first BCG instillation and during combination use with BCG. AEs were evaluated to assess safety and tolerability. Wilcoxon matched-pair signed-rank test was used for PK analysis. Results: Six pts (4M, 2F) with a median age of 72.5 yrs (range 58-81 yrs) were enrolled; 4 pts had grade 3 Ta and 2 pts had Tis. Four and 2 pts received induction and maintenance course of BCG, respectively. Six AEs of grade 1 or 2 were reported by 3 pts, and they were respiratory and head congestion, acid reflux, rash, bronchitis, nausea, and cystitis. None of these AEs were judged to be related to APL. Five pts completed the study and 1 pt dropped out due to a grade 1 cystitis after receiving 4 wks of APL and 2 doses of BCG. The PK results suggested similar PK characteristics (plasma AUCtau, Cmax and t1/2, and urinary excreted faction Ae%). Conclusions: APL was well tolerated when given for 12 wks to NMIBC pts who also received induction or maintenance BCG. Further study of APL in combination with BCG is warranted. Clinical trial information: NCT03672240.

scholarly journals PENGARUH TERAPI FARMAKOLOGI DAN NON-FARMAKOLOGI TERHADAP PENURUNAN NYERI MENSTRUASI PADA MAHASISWI FAKULTAS FARMASI UNIVERSITAS BHAKTI KENCANA BANDUNG

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-188
Author(s):  
Ani Anggriani ◽  
Yani Mulyani ◽  
Lili Dinda Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Menstrual Pain ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Teenage Girls ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship

Menstrual pain is a problem that women often complain about in their teens. Menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) is pain before or during menstruation in the lower abdomen due to uterine cramps. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea in Indonesia is 54% primary dysmenorrhea and 9% secondary dysmenorrhea. Due to the severe pain that is felt during menstruation, 10% of teenage girls are absent from school and work for 3 days each month. This study aims to determine the effect of pharmacological & non-pharmacological therapy on reducing menstrual pain in adolescents. This research is an experimental research with one group pretest-post test design. The research sample used purposive sampling method, with a sample of 76 respondents. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test & chi-square test. The results showed that the Wilcoxon test with the results of Sig. 0.000<0.05, meaning that there is a difference in the intensity of menstrual pain before & after therapy. So it can be concluded that there is an effect of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy on decreasing the intensity of menstrual pain. For the relationship of non-pharmacological therapy Chi-Square test results have a value of Sig. 0.514>0.05, meaning that there is no significant relationship to the intensity of menstrual pain. For the relationship between pharmacological therapy, the results of Sig. 0.019<0.05, meaning that there is a significant relationship with the intensity of menstrual pain in adolescent girls at Bhakti Kencana University, Bandung.

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