Short-Term Effect of Orthodontic Treatment with Clear Aligners on Pain and sEMG Activity of Masticatory Muscles

Background and objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate mandibular elevator muscles activity and pain on palpation in the early stages of orthodontic treatment with clear aligners using surface electromyography (sEMG). Materials and methods: Surface electromyography (sEMG) activity and pain level on muscle palpation of masseter and anterior temporalis muscles were recorded in a sample of 16 adult subjects (aged 18–32 years; mean 22.5 +/− 3.5 SD) undergoing orthodontic treatment with clear aligners before the treatment (T0), after 1 month of treatment (two clear aligners) (T1), and after 3 months of treatment (T2) (six clear aligners). A chi-square test for nominal data, a Friedman test, and a Wilcoxon-signed rank test as post hoc analysis were applied. Results: No statistically significant differences in muscular pain were observed. At T1, the sEMG activity of masseter muscles at mandibular rest position showed a statistically significant reduction, but after 3 months (T2), the data appeared similar to T0 (p = 0.03 and p = 0.02). Conclusions: During the treatment with clear aligners, subjects could experience an initial reduction in the masseter basal activity after 1 month of treatment. This effect tends to decrease to baseline levels after 3 months of therapy.

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Comparison of Transmittance and Reflectance Pulse Oximetry in Anesthetized Dogs

Frontiers in Veterinary Science ◽

10.3389/fvets.2021.643966 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Jan Nixdorff ◽

Yury Zablotski ◽

Katrin Hartmann ◽

Rene Dörfelt

Keyword(s):

Failure Rate ◽

Pulse Oximeter ◽

Matched Pair ◽

Rank Test ◽

Chi Square ◽

Signed Rank ◽

Signed Rank Test ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Probe Site ◽

Pulse Oximeter Probe

Objectives: The tongue is the standard site for placement of a pulse oximeter probe but is difficult to access during certain procedures such as dental and ophthalmic procedures and computerized tomography of the head. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a new-generation reflectance pulse oximeter using the tail and tibia as sites for probe attachment.Materials and Methods: A total of 100 client-owned dogs that underwent anesthesia for various reasons were premedicated with butorphanol (n = 50; 0.2 mg/kg; group BUT) or butorphanol and dexmedetomidine (n = 50; 5 μg/kg; group DEX), administered intravenously. Anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with sevoflurane. A transmittance pulse oximeter probe was placed on the tongue and served as the reference standard. A reflectance probe was randomly placed on the tail base or the proximal tibia, and the position changed after testing. Signals from three consecutive measurements were obtained at each position. Failure was defined as “no signal,” “low signal,” or a pulse difference >10/min compared with the ECG heart rate. Data were analyzed using chi-square test, Wilcoxon matched-pair signed-rank test, and Bland-Altman analysis. P < 0.05 was considered significant.Results: In both groups (BUT and DEX), failure rate was higher when the tibia and tail were used as probe sites compared with the tongue. In both groups, the failure rate was higher for the tibia than for the tail. Dexmedetomidine-induced vasoconstriction increased failure rate at all probe positions.Clinical Significance: The tail base, but not the tibia, is an acceptable position for reflectance pulse oximeter probes in dogs. The tongue remains the probe site of choice, if accessible.

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COVID-19, Lockdown and Its Effect on Consumption Behavior of Household: Evidence from Maharashtra State, India

10.51240/jibe.2021.1.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 57-82

Author(s):

Sachin Pawar ◽

Abhijeet Birari ◽

Jitendrasinh Jamadar

Keyword(s):

Positive Relationship ◽

Rank Test ◽

Chi Square ◽

Consumption Behavior ◽

Logistics Regression ◽

Signed Rank ◽

Signed Rank Test ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

The Impact ◽

Structured Questionnaire

The purpose of this paper is to assess the effect of COVID-19, nationwide lockdown, and measures taken by the central bank to adjust the consumer behavior of households in Maharashtra, India. This study used a structured questionnaire to achieve the objectives with a sample size of 221 and statistical tools like Logistics regression, Kruskal Wallis Test, Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, and Chi-Square Test. The results indicate that COVID-19 decreased the consumption of the household and that there was a significantly positive relationship between the level of consumption during lockdown and age, gender, number of dependents, income, education level, and region. People tend to lower their consumption for non-essential categories and increase for essential ones. The current study is considered the first of its kind conducted in Maharashtra, India. To the best of our knowledge, there were no such studies regarding measuring the impact of COVID-19 on household consumption.

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PENGARUH TERAPI FARMAKOLOGI DAN NON-FARMAKOLOGI TERHADAP PENURUNAN NYERI MENSTRUASI PADA MAHASISWI FAKULTAS FARMASI UNIVERSITAS BHAKTI KENCANA BANDUNG

Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia ◽

10.33759/jrki.v3i3.156 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 174-188

Author(s):

Ani Anggriani ◽

Yani Mulyani ◽

Lili Dinda Pratiwi

Keyword(s):

Significant Relationship ◽

Pharmacological Therapy ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Rank Test ◽

Menstrual Pain ◽

Chi Square ◽

Teenage Girls ◽

Signed Rank Test ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

The Relationship

Menstrual pain is a problem that women often complain about in their teens. Menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) is pain before or during menstruation in the lower abdomen due to uterine cramps. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea in Indonesia is 54% primary dysmenorrhea and 9% secondary dysmenorrhea. Due to the severe pain that is felt during menstruation, 10% of teenage girls are absent from school and work for 3 days each month. This study aims to determine the effect of pharmacological & non-pharmacological therapy on reducing menstrual pain in adolescents. This research is an experimental research with one group pretest-post test design. The research sample used purposive sampling method, with a sample of 76 respondents. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test & chi-square test. The results showed that the Wilcoxon test with the results of Sig. 0.000<0.05, meaning that there is a difference in the intensity of menstrual pain before & after therapy. So it can be concluded that there is an effect of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy on decreasing the intensity of menstrual pain. For the relationship of non-pharmacological therapy Chi-Square test results have a value of Sig. 0.514>0.05, meaning that there is no significant relationship to the intensity of menstrual pain. For the relationship between pharmacological therapy, the results of Sig. 0.019<0.05, meaning that there is a significant relationship with the intensity of menstrual pain in adolescent girls at Bhakti Kencana University, Bandung.

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Randomized Crossover Study Showing Nurse-Led Same Day Review Replacing Next Day Review in Uneventful Phacoemulsification to Be Safe and Efficacious

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2017/1261698 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Jennifer W. H. Shum ◽

Janice J. C. Cheung ◽

Monica M. N. Lee ◽

Oscar G. W. Wong ◽

Kenneth K. W. Li

Keyword(s):

Patient Satisfaction ◽

Crossover Study ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Rank Test ◽

Chi Square ◽

Safety And Efficacy ◽

Visual Improvement ◽

Signed Rank Test ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Randomized Crossover Study

Purpose. To study whether nurse led same-day review (SDR) after uneventful phacoemulsification can replace next-day review (NDR) in terms of safety and efficacy.Setting. Patients are recruited from an ophthalmology outpatient clinic in Hong Kong.Design. A prospective, randomized crossover study conducted from November 2012 to 2014.Methods. Inclusion criteria include cataract surgery naïve patients undergoing phacoemulsification under local anaesthesia. All patients were seen by our ophthalmic nurse 2 hours after surgery. Before undergoing phacoemulsification of the first eye, patients were randomized to be reviewed on day 1 or 7 after surgery. Surgeons and reviewing doctors were blinded to patient allocation. For the patients’ second eye surgery, group allocation will cross over. Primary outcome measures include visual improvement and patient satisfaction questionnaire. Other measures include cataract characteristics, surgical details, and complications. Statistical tests include pairedt-test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, and Chi-square test.Results. 164 eyes from 82 patients were available. Visual improvement, satisfaction, and complications were comparable between both groups.Conclusions. A nurse led SDR can replace NDR in uneventful phacoemulsification in terms of safety and efficacy. Patient satisfaction is also comparable in the setting of Asian culture and when transportation is not a major concern.

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Level of ERAS understanding affects practitioners’ practice and perception of early postoperative resumption of oral intake: a nationwide survey

BMC Anesthesiology ◽

10.1186/s12871-021-01500-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Huizhen Huang ◽

Yuelun Zhang ◽

Le Shen ◽

Yuguang Huang

Keyword(s):

Mainland China ◽

Oral Intake ◽

Nationwide Survey ◽

Current Status ◽

Rank Test ◽

Chi Square ◽

Signed Rank ◽

Signed Rank Test ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Level Of Understanding

Abstract Background Early postoperative resumption of oral intake is supposed to be safe and beneficial to patients recovery. However, practitioners still have great confusion and disagreement about postoperative resumption of oral intake. This is a nationwide survey to investigate the current status of clinical practice and practitioners’ attitude toward postoperative resumption of oral intake along with their level of understanding of the ERAS guidelines. Methods An anonymous web-based survey questionnaire via mobile social platform was carried out in mainland China from December 11–20, 2020. The Wilcoxon signed rank test or chi-square test was used to compare the propensity of the resumption of oral intake. Results Totally 5370 responses were received, and 89% of them were from anesthesiology departments. The nature of the responses from clinical practitioners was highly diverse, but each of the three surgery types showed unique patterns of ERAS implementation. The respondents were more conservative regarding the commencement of both fluid and solid diets after gastrointestinal (GI) and hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) surgery than after non-abdominal (NA) surgery. Most respondents agreed that early oral intake is beneficial to reduce postoperative complications improve bowel recovery and overall outcome. 55% respondents considered themselves to have a better understanding of ERAS and tended to initiate oral intake early for all three surgery types (P < 0.001). Conclusions The postoperative resumption of oral intake is highly variable among GI, HPB and NA surgeries. A better understanding of ERAS would encourage practitioners to commence oral intake resumption much earlier.

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Peran Sicantik dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Perawat di Rumah Sakit

JURNAL KEPERAWATAN RAFLESIA ◽

10.33088/jkr.v1i1.395 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Eka Swedarma ◽

Dwidasmara Dwidasmara

Keyword(s):

Nursing Care ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Rank Test ◽

Chi Square ◽

Record System ◽

Post Test ◽

Signed Rank Test ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Nursing Record

The low ability of nurses in documenting nursing care as a result of limited human resources, too much writing format, differences in perceptions between nurses and the inability of nurses to enforce nursing diagnoses accurately will have an impact on the performance and service delivery to patients. This study aimed to fine out the nurse’s performance based on the characteristics of respondents and determine the effect of the application of the Si-Cantik application program (Electronic nursing record system) on the performance of nurses at the hospital. The research method used a one group pre-post test design approach with an intervention in the installation of an electronic nursing record system that is computer-based in the treatment room. The sampling technique used Simple random sampling with sample of 35 nurses. Statistical analysis using Chi-square test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. The results showed that the majority of respondents (77.14%) found it easy to apply the program, most nurses (77.68%) had good performance and statistically the implementation of the electronic nursing record system had an effect on nurses' performance in providing nursing care in hospitals (p = 0.004). The application of electronic nursing records system can be applied by nurses as supporting nurses' performance in providing nursing care in hospitals and becoming a reference in the use of digital nursing as an effort to develop self-potential so that they can carry out nursing services professionally.

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Level of Understanding of Eras Affects Practitioners’ Practice and Perception of Early Postoperative Resumption of Oral Intake: A Nationwide Survey

10.21203/rs.3.rs-646185/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Huizhen Huang ◽

Yuelun Zhang ◽

Le Shen ◽

Yuguang Huang

Keyword(s):

Mainland China ◽

Oral Intake ◽

Nationwide Survey ◽

Current Status ◽

Rank Test ◽

Chi Square ◽

Signed Rank ◽

Signed Rank Test ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Level Of Understanding

Abstract Background: Early postoperative resumption of oral intake is supposed to be safe and beneficial to patients recovery. However, practitioners still have great confusion and disagreement about postoperative resumption of oral intake. This is a nationwide survey to investigate the current status of clinical practice and practitioners’ attitude toward postoperative resumption of oral intake along with their level of understanding of the ERAS guidelines.Methods: An anonymous web-based survey questionnaire via mobile social platform was carried out in mainland China from December 11-20, 2020. The Wilcoxon signed rank test or chi-square test was used to compare the propensity of the resumption of oral intake.Results: Totally 5370 responses were received, and 89% of them were from anesthesiology departments. The nature of the responses from clinical practitioners was highly diverse, but each of the three surgery types showed unique patterns of ERAS implementation. The respondents were more conserved regarding the commencement of both fluid and solid diets after gastrointestinal (GI) and hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) surgery than after non-abdominal (NA) surgery. Most respondents agreed that early oral intake is beneficial to reduce postoperative complications improve bowel recovery and overall outcome. 55% respondents considered themselves to have a better understanding of ERAS and tended to initiate oral intake early for all three surgery types (P<0.001).Conclusions: The postoperative resumption of oral intake is highly variable among GI, HPB and NA surgeries. A better understanding of ERAS would encourage practitioners to commence oral intake resumption much earlier.

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The influence of immediately loaded basal implant treatment on patient satisfaction

10.21203/rs.2.18984/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Fadia Awadalkreem ◽

Nadia Khalifa ◽

Asim Satti ◽

Ahmed Mohamed Suleiman

Keyword(s):

Patient Satisfaction ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Rank Test ◽

Chi Square ◽

Patients Satisfaction ◽

Signed Rank ◽

Signed Rank Test ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Predominantly Female

Abstract Background: Improving patient satisfaction and quality of life is of great importance when considering the different prosthetic treatment options for patients with severely resorbed residual alveolar ridges. We aimed to evaluate and compare patients’ satisfaction when changing from fixed, removable, and/or conventional implant prostheses to basal implant-supported prostheses. Methods : Sixty patients with a history of fixed, removable, and/or conventional implant prostheses who received basal implant-supported prostheses (BCS Ò , IHDE Implant System) were included in this study. Direct interviews were conducted using a four-section questionnaire that covered sociodemographic data, clinical examination, information on previous prostheses, and new implant information. The obtained data were statistically analysed using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test and chi-square test. Results: Patients were predominantly female, partially edentulous, and aged between 40 and 59 years. Patients’ general satisfaction with basal implants was very high (7.7 out of 8). Patients’ satisfaction with comfort, mastication, speech, and aesthetics significantly improved with the new basal implants. Males aged between 40 and 59 years and patients who had previously used both fixed and removable prostheses were generally the most satisfied. Although some patients had complaints, they still had high satisfaction and would choose the same treatment modality again. Conclusions: Basal implant-supported prostheses have a positive impact on oral health and highly increase patients’ satisfaction.

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Detection and Classification of Breast Lesions With Readout-Segmented Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in a Large Chinese Cohort

Frontiers in Oncology ◽

10.3389/fonc.2021.636471 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Zhen Lu Yang ◽

Yi Qi Hu ◽

Jia Huang ◽

Chen Ao Zhan ◽

Min Xiong Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rank Test ◽

Breast Lesions ◽

Breast Cancers ◽

Planar Imaging ◽

Chi Square ◽

Dce Mri ◽

Institutional Review ◽

Chinese Cohort ◽

Signed Rank Test ◽

Chi Square Test

Objectives: To evaluate the performance of readout-segmented echo-planar imaging DWI (rs-EPI DWI) in detecting and characterizing breast cancers in a large Chinese cohort with comparison to dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI).Methods: The institutional review board approved this retrospective study with waived written informed consent. A total of 520 women (mean age, 43.1- ± 10.5-years) were included from July 2013 to October 2019. First, the ability of rs-EPI DWI in detecting breast lesions identified by DCE-MRI was evaluated. The lesion conspicuity of rs-EPI-DWI and DCE-MRI was compared using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. With pathology as a reference, the performance of rs-EPI DWI and DCE-MRI in distinguishing breast cancers was evaluated and compared using the Chi-square test.Results: Of 520 women, 327/520 (62.9%) patients had 423 lesions confirmed by pathology with 203 benign and 220 malignant lesions. The rs-EPI DWI can detect 90.8% (659/726) (reader 1) and 90.6% (663/732) (reader 2) of lesions identified by DCE-MRI. The lesion visibility was superior for DCE-MRI than rs-EPI-DWI (all p < 0.05). With pathology as a reference, the sensitivities and specificities of rs-EPI DWI in diagnosing breast cancers were 95.9% (211/220) and 85.7% (174/203) for reader 1 and 97.7% (215/220) and 86.2% (175/203) for reader 2. No significant differences were found for the performance of DCE-MRI and rs-EPI DWI in discriminating breast cancers (all p > 0.05).Conclusions: Although with an inferior lesion visibility, rs-EPI DWI can detect about 90% of breast lesions identified by DCE-MRI and has comparable diagnostic capacity to that of DCE-MRI in identifying breast cancer.

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Gambler's Fallacy as Behavioural Bias Of Young Investor

Journal of Business and Behavioural Entrepreneurship ◽

10.21009/jobbe.003.2.05 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 72-80

Author(s):

Dian Wijayanti ◽

Tarsisius Renald Suganda ◽

Feni Sufuiana Thewelis

Keyword(s):

Weak Form ◽

Survey Method ◽

Rank Test ◽

Chi Square ◽

Gambler’S Fallacy ◽

Signed Rank ◽

Trading Decisions ◽

Signed Rank Test ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Gambler's Fallacy

This research aims to identify the behavioural bias of Gambler's Fallacy of young investors in Malang. This research was done by doing a survey method i.e. doing the dissemination of questionnaires to young investors in Malang. The number of samples gained from questionnaires were 108 respondents. questionnaires were assessed using Likert scale and analysed by using non-parametric test: Chi Square Test and Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test to answer the hypothesis and research questions. The results showed that behavioural bias of Gambler’s Fallacy on young investors in Malang when they trade in uptrend and downtrend stock market with an equal probability. Based on the results, this research concluded that in making trading decisions, young investors in Malang are still very influenced by psychological factors and tend to follow their personal intuition. This shows that weak-form efficiency is inefficient.

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