scholarly journals Method for Efficient Regeneration of Solvent Mixture: Extractive Heterogeneous-Azeotropic Distillation

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
András József Tóth ◽  
Szilvia Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Azeotropic Distillation ◽  
Solvent Mixture ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Methyl Ethyl ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Efficient Regeneration ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Process Simulator

Abstract The fine chemical and pharmaceutical industries use large amounts of various organic solvents in their manufacturing processes. By reusing them, production costs can be significantly reduced. If we can regenerate waste solvent mixtures, we have the opportunity to reuse them in the production process or in other production processes. Our study illustrates an efficient regeneration process using the example of a four-component solvent mixture. Calculations were performed in a professional process simulator to demonstrate that the highly non-ideal Water-Ethyl Alcohol-Methyl Ethyl Ketone-Ethyl Acetate solvent mixture can be efficiently decomposed into azeotropic pairs and thus regenerated by the extractive heterogeneous-azeotropic distillation technique.

A Study of Abnormal Behavior of Grain Growth in High-Strength Boron-Added Steel

2007 ◽  
Vol 558-559 ◽  
pp. 767-770
Author(s):  
You Hwan Lee ◽  
Sang Yoon Lee ◽  
Duk Lak Lee
Keyword(s):  
Grain Growth ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Abnormal Behavior ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Optimum Amount ◽  
Grain Coarsening ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Austenite Grain ◽  
Tensile Fatigue

In order to save natural resources and to reduce production costs, many industries have conducted studies on new developed steels and manufacturing processes. For instance, the use of high-strength bolts can decrease the number, size and weight of bolts used in a car, thereby decreasing fuel consumption. For this reason, steel makers are developing boron-added steel for high-strength bolts, which eliminates production processes. However, it has been pointed out that this boron-added steel is sensitive to austenite grain coarsening. The austenite grain coarsening does not occur uniformly, hence it can affect mechanical properties such as tensile, fatigue and so on. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the abnormal behavior of grain growth and to determine the optimum amount of alloying elements in boron-added steel for use in making high-strength bolts.

scholarly journals Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Phytocompounds from Olive Pomace Subjected to Different Drying Methods

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 598
Author(s):  
Graziana Difonzo ◽  
Antonella Aresta ◽  
Pietro Cotugno ◽  
Roberta Ragni ◽  
Giacomo Squeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Olive Pomace ◽  
Hot Air Drying ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Olive pomace is a semisolid by-product of olive oil production and represents a valuable source of functional phytocompounds. The valorization of agro-food chain by-products represents a key factor in reducing production costs, providing benefits related to their reuse. On this ground, we herein investigate extraction methods with supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) of functional phytocompounds from olive pomace samples subjected to two different drying methods, i.e., freeze drying and hot-air drying. Olive pomace was produced using the two most common industrial olive oil production processes, one based on the two-phase (2P) decanter and one based on the three-phase (3P) decanter. Our results show that freeze drying more efficiently preserves phytocompounds such as α-tocopherol, carotenoids, chlorophylls, and polyphenols, whereas hot-air drying does not compromise the β-sitosterol content and the extraction of squalene is not dependent on the drying method used. Moreover, higher amounts of α-tocopherol and polyphenols were extracted from 2P olive pomace, while β-sitosterol, chlorophylls, and carotenoids were more concentrated in 3P olive pomace. Finally, tocopherol and pigment/polyphenol fractions exerted antioxidant activity in vitro and in accelerated oxidative conditions. These results highlight the potential of olive pomace to be upcycled by extracting from it, with green methods, functional phytocompounds for reuse in food and pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals Effect of Sonic Agitation of a Binary Mixture of Solvents on Filling Remnants Removal as an Alternative to Apical Enlargement—A Micro-CT Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2465
Author(s):  
Inês Ferreira ◽  
Pedro S. Babo ◽  
Ana Cristina Braga ◽  
Manuela E. Gomes ◽  
Irene Pina-Vaz
Keyword(s):  
Binary Mixture ◽  
Methyl Ethyl Ketone ◽  
Solvent Mixture ◽  
Methyl Ethyl ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Ah Plus ◽  
Mandibular Incisors

Background: This work aimed to evaluate the efficacy of sonic agitation of a binary mixture of solvents (methyl ethyl ketone/tetrachloroethylene) on filling remnants removal and compare the effects of solvent agitation with the enlargement to the next instrument size. Methods: Twenty-four mandibular incisors were prepared with ProTaper Next (X1, X2) and obturated with the single-cone technique and AH Plus sealer. The teeth were retreated with ProTaper Universal Retreatment and ProTaper Next and divided into two groups (n = 12) according to the final instrument (X3 or X4). All canals were submitted to a supplementary procedure consisting of a mixture of solvents―methyl ethyl ketone/tetrachloroethylene, agitated with EndoActivator. The volume of filling remnants was assessed through micro-computed tomography in the apical 5 mm. Statistical analysis was performed with a significance level of 5%. Results: The supplementary procedure of agitation of the solvent mixture was beneficial in both groups (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between canals re-prepared until X4 and canals re-prepared until X3 plus solvent (p > 0.05). Conclusions: An additional step with a two-solvent solution potentiated by EndoActivator showed to be very effective for the removal of gutta-percha and resinous sealer remnants from apical root canals of mandibular incisors, avoiding further enlargement.

scholarly journals Engineering working operations based on parameters of product manufacturability using a computer-aided design algorithm

2022 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 708-719
Author(s):  
D. A. Ishenin ◽  
A. S. Govorkov
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Processing Route ◽  
Mechanical Processing ◽  
Design Algorithm ◽  
Industrial Data ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design

The study aimed to develop an algorithm for computer-aided design (CAD) of working operations. A processing route for machining components was developed based on the criteria of production manufacturability, industrial data and a digital model of the product. The process of machining a workpiece was analysed using a method of theoretical separation. The machining process of a frame workpiece was used as a model. The identified formal parameters formed a basis for developing a CAD algorithm and a model of manufacturing route associated with the mechanical processing of a work-piece applying a condition-action rule, as well as mathematical logic. The research afforded a scheme for selecting process operations, given the manufacturability parameters of a product design. The concept of CAD algorithm was developed to design a production process of engineering products with given manufacturability parameters, including industrial data. The principle of forming a route and selecting a machining process was proposed. Several criteria of production manufacturability (labour intensity, consumption of materials, production costs) were selected to evaluate mechanical processing. A CAD algorithm for designing technological operations considering the parameters of manufacturability was developed. The algorithm was tested by manufacturing a frame workpiece. The developed algorithm can be used for reducing labour costs and development time, at the same time as improving the quality of production processes. The formalisation of process design is a crucial stage in digitalisation and automation of all production processes.

MATERIAL FLOW COST ACCOUNTING (MFCA) – TOOL FOR THE OPTIMIZATION OF CORPORATE PRODUCTION PROCESSES

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslava Hyršlová ◽  
Miroslav Vágner ◽  
Jiří Palásek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Material Flow ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Manufacturing Plant ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Production Processes

The paper focuses on the Material Flow Cost Accounting method (hereinafter the “MFCA”). It presents an application of the MFCA within a manufacturing plant of the largest manufacturer of ceramic tiles in the Czech Republic – the company Lasselsberger. It shows the importance of data acquired from the MFCA system as well as their application for an optimization of manufacturing processes for specific conditions of a manufacturing plant of the company.

Secure RFID-Enablement in Modern Companies

2012 ◽  
pp. 507-539
Author(s):  
Matthieu-P. Schapranow ◽  
Jürgen Müller ◽  
Alexander Zeier ◽  
Hasso Plattner
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Formal Model ◽  
Mutual Authentication ◽  
The United States ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Secured Data

Current RFID implementations suffer from security threats and privacy issues since the technology was not designed for secured data exchange. In emerging global RFID-aided supply chains, the need for open interfaces between supply chain partners exposes business secrets. A case study focusing on the development of detected counterfeits in the pharmaceutical industries in Europe and in the United States of America motivates the rising importance for RFID security. A formal model for describing RFID-aided supply chains is introduced to analyze flow of messages and data. Countermeasure tasks for all involved supply chain participants are defined to harden the integrity of the global supply chain. Motivated by concerns of exposing data via the air interface, two mutual authentication protocols are presented that aim to keep tag production costs low. Their applicability in context of the pharmaceutical industry is discussed.

Current Issues of Developing Methodology and Software Solutions Used in Different Phases of Modelling Additive Production Processes

2018 ◽  
Vol 771 ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Ripetskiy ◽  
Stanislav Vassilyev ◽  
Sergey Zelenov ◽  
Ekaterina Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Structured Data ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Additive Production ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Technological Limitations ◽  
New Criteria

The mathematical methods and examples considered in the article allow efficient modeling of additive manufacturing processes by formulating a number of new criteria for geometry evaluation for compliance with the technological limitations of the additive manufacturing techniques. The aim of the research is the development of the new techniques, methods, algorithms and structured data aimed to validate the entire chain of additive manufacturing process.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency in Industry 4.0: The Case of Batch Production Processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Nota ◽  
Francesco David Nota ◽  
Domenico Peluso ◽  
Alonso Toro Lazo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Batch Processes ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Batch Production ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Cyber Physical Production Systems

We derived a promising approach to reducing the energy consumption necessary in manufacturing processes from the combination of management methodologies and Industry 4.0 technologies. Based on a literature review and experts’ opinions, this work contributes to the efficient use of energy in batch production processes combining the analysis of the overall equipment effectiveness with the study of variables managed by cyber-physical production systems. Starting from the analysis of loss cause identification, we propose a method that obtains quantitative data about energy losses during the execution of batch processes. The contributions of this research include the acquisition of precise information about energy losses and the improvement of value co-creation practices so that energy consumption can be reduced in manufacturing processes. Decision-makers can use the findings to start a virtuous process aiming at carbon footprint and energy costs reductions while ensuring production goals are met.

Methods for the Control of Uncertainty in Multilevel Process Chains Using the Example of Drilling/Reaming

2011 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 103-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Haydn ◽  
Thomas Hauer ◽  
Eberhard Abele
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Material Strength ◽  
Process Chain ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Process Chains ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
And Control ◽  
Previous Step

Uncertainty during production processes has an important influence on the product quality as well as production costs. For multilevel process chains with serially connected processes, additional uncertainty can be caused by the previous step. The manufacturing of precision holes by drilling and reaming is an important multilevel process chain. The interactions between machine, tool and pre-drilled hole cause process errors during the quality determinant final reaming process. In this paper, a systematic approach for the identification and control of uncertainty during the reaming process is presented. Thus, the influence of key aspects like skewness of pre-drilled hole or the influences of material strength gradients are analyzed. Further, simulation models for the consideration of these uncertainties are presented.

Implementation of Method and Structure Handling Manipulation Operations to Hydroabrasive Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 616 ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Alena Vagaská ◽  
Ján Kmec ◽  
Miroslav Gombár ◽  
Peter Michal
Keyword(s):  
Set Theory ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Theory Theory ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Operational Analysis ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Computational Procedures

The automation of hydro-erosion manufacturing processes comes to increase the demands on engineering works in the preparation of production, at shortening of deadlines for implementation of scientific knowledge into practice, at the design of production processes and at the economization in production processes. This process is associated with extensive utilisation of mathematical methods, using of computational procedures for specific tasks and at the utilisation of methodology of mathematics for methods of formulating solutions. During the solving of problem, there is mostly used: operational analysis, set theory, theory of structures, theory of algorithms and languages.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document