scholarly journals Assessing the Critical Multifunctionality Threshold for Optimal Electrical, Thermal, and Nanomechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes/Epoxy Nanocomposites for Aerospace Applications

Aerospace ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aikaterini-Flora Trompeta ◽  
Elias Koumoulos ◽  
Sotirios Stavropoulos ◽  
Theodoros Velmachos ◽  
Georgios Psarras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Critical Concentration ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Epoxy Nanocomposites ◽  
Aerospace Structures ◽  
Nanomechanical Properties

Epoxy composites are widely used in primary aerospace structures, where high impact damage properties are necessary. However, challenges appear when multiple functionalities, including electrical and thermal conductivity, are needed in parallel with increased mechanical properties. The current study aims at the assessment of a critical concentration of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), incorporated in epoxy resin, which will indicate a threshold for optimal electrical, thermal and mechanical properties. For the evaluation of this optimal concentration, electrical conductivity, thermal stability and nanomechanical properties (Young modulus and nanohardness) have been assessed, for epoxy nanocomposites with 0 to 15 parts per hundred resin per weight (phr) MWCNTs. Percolation theory was applied to study the electrical conductivity for different contents of MWCNTs in the epoxy nanocomposite system. Thermogravimetric analysis was employed for the assessment of the epoxy composites’ thermal properties. Nanohardness and elastic modulus were measured, and the hardness versus modulus index was calculated. Emphasis was given to the dispersion of MWCNTs in the epoxy matrix, which was assessed by both microscopy techniques and X-ray micro–computed tomography. A correlation between the optimum dispersion and MWCNTs content in terms of electrical conductivity, thermal stability, and nanomechanical properties revealed a threshold concentration at 3 phr, allowing the manufacturing of aerospace structures with multifunctional properties.

scholarly journals Effect of SWCNT-Tuball Paper on the Lightning Strike Protection of CFRPs and Their Selected Mechanical Properties

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3140
Author(s):  
Kamil Dydek ◽  
Anna Boczkowska ◽  
Rafał Kozera ◽  
Paweł Durałek ◽  
Łukasz Sarniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Copper Foil ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
The Impact

The main aim of this work was the investigation of the possibility of replacing the heavy metallic meshes applied onto the composite structure in airplanes for lightning strike protection with a thin film of Tuball single-wall carbon nanotubes in the form of ultra-light, conductive paper. The Tuball paper studied contained 75 wt% or 90 wt% of carbon nanotubes and was applied on the top of carbon fibre reinforced polymer before fabrication of flat panels. First, the electrical conductivity, impact resistance and thermo-mechanical properties of modified laminates were measured and compared with the reference values. Then, flat panels with selected Tuball paper, expanded copper foil and reference panels were fabricated for lightning strike tests. The effectiveness of lightning strike protection was evaluated by using the ultrasonic phased-array technique. It was found that the introduction of Tuball paper on the laminates surface improved both the surface and the volume electrical conductivity by 8800% and 300%, respectively. The impact resistance was tested in two directions, perpendicular and parallel to the carbon fibres, and the values increased by 9.8% and 44%, respectively. The dynamic thermo-mechanical analysis showed higher stiffness and a slight increase in glass transition temperature of the modified laminates. Ultrasonic investigation after lightning strike tests showed that the effectiveness of Tuball paper is comparable to expanded copper foil.

scholarly journals Enhanced electrical conductivity and mechanical properties in thermally stable fine-grained copper wire

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingzhong Mao ◽  
Yusheng Zhang ◽  
Yazhou Guo ◽  
Yonghao Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Dislocation Slip ◽  
Ultrafine Grains ◽  
The Wire

AbstractThe rapid development of high-speed rail requires copper contact wire that simultaneously possesses excellent electrical conductivity, thermal stability and mechanical properties. Unfortunately, these are generally mutually exclusive properties. Here, we demonstrate directional optimization of microstructure and overcome the strength-conductivity tradeoff in copper wire. We use rotary swaging to prepare copper wire with a fiber texture and long ultrafine grains aligned along the wire axis. The wire exhibits a high electrical conductivity of 97% of the international annealed copper standard (IACS), a yield strength of over 450 MPa, high impact and wear resistances, and thermal stability of up to 573 K for 1 h. Subsequent annealing enhances the conductivity to 103 % of IACS while maintaining a yield strength above 380 MPa. The long grains provide a channel for free electrons, while the low-angle grain boundaries between ultrafine grains block dislocation slip and crack propagation, and lower the ability for boundary migration.

scholarly journals High modulus polyimide particle-reinforcement of epoxy composites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Essmeister ◽  
M. Josef Taublaender ◽  
Thomas Koch ◽  
D. Alonso Cerrón-Infantes ◽  
Miriam M. Unterlass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Epoxy Matrix ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
High Modulus ◽  
Particle Reinforcement

A novel class of fully organic composite materials with well-balanced mechanical properties and improved thermal stability was developed by incorporating highly crystalline, hydrothermally synthesized polyimide microparticles into an epoxy matrix.

PLA/Carbon Nanotubes Multifilament Yarns for Relative Humidity Textile Sensor

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 155892501100600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Devaux ◽  
Carole Aubry ◽  
Christine Campagne ◽  
Maryline Rochery
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Flexible Sensor ◽  
Spinning Process ◽  
Textile Sensor ◽  
Multifilament Yarns

Polylactide (PLA) was mixed with 4 wt.% of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to produce electrical conductive multifilament yarns by melt spinning process for humidity detection. Thanks to a variation of electrical conductivity, this flexible sensor could detect the moisture presence. The introduction of plasticizer was necessary to ensure higher fluidity and drawability of the blend during the spinning process. The plasticizer modifies the crystallinity and the mechanical properties of the yarns. The effectiveness of this sensor (PLA/4 wt.% CNTs fibres) sensitive to humidity, is optimal when the spinning conditions are adapted. In this way, the temperature and the rate of the drawing roll were reduced. The influence of these parameters on the crystallinity, the mechanical properties and the sensitivity of the yarns were studied. Once the appropriate spinning conditions found, one humidity sensitive yarn was processed and the repeatability and efficient reversibility of its sensitivity were highlighted.

scholarly journals Synergistic effects of halloysite and carbon nanotubes (HNTs + CNTs) on the mechanical properties of epoxy nanocomposites

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 900-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Shahneel Saharudin ◽  
◽  
Rasheed Atif ◽  
Syafawati Hasbi ◽  
Muhammad Naguib Ahmad Nazri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Epoxy Nanocomposites

scholarly journals Polymeric Composites Based on Polyurea Matrix Reinforced with Carbon Nanotubes

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Adina Vulcan ◽  
Celina Damian ◽  
Paul Octavian Stanescu ◽  
Eugeniu Vasile ◽  
Razvan Petre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Scanning Electron

This paper deals with the synthesis of polyurea and its use as polymer matrix for nanocomposites reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). Two types of materials were obtained during this research, the first cathegory uses the polyurea as matrix and the second one uses a mixture between epoxy resin and polyurea. The nanocomposites were characterized by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Tensile Tests .The elastomeric features of nanocomposites were highlighted by the results which showed low value of Tg. Also higher thermal stability with ~40oC compared with commercial products (M20) were observed, but lower mechanical properties compared to neat polyurea.

The influence of functionalization time of carbon nanotube on the mechanical properties of the epoxy composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 1693-1701 ◽  
Author(s):  
EA Zakharychev ◽  
EN Razov ◽  
Yu D Semchikov ◽  
NS Zakharycheva ◽  
MA Kabina
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

This paper investigates the structure, length, and percentage of functional groups of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT) depending on the time taken for functionalization in HNO3 and H2SO4 mixture. The carbon nanotube content and influence of functionalization time on mechanical properties of polymer composite materials based on epoxy matrix are studied. The extreme dependencies of mechanical properties of carbon nanotube functionalization time of polymer composites were established. The rise in tensile strength of obtained composites reaches 102% and elastic modulus reaches 227% as compared to that of unfilled polymer. The composites exhibited best mechanical properties by including carbon nanotube with 0.5 h functionalization time.

Preparation and characterization of surface modified boron nitride epoxy composites with enhanced thermal conductivity

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (83) ◽  
pp. 44282-44290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Hou ◽  
Guohua Li ◽  
Na Yang ◽  
Lili Qin ◽  
Maryam E. Grami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Boron Nitride ◽  
High Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Enhanced Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Insulation Properties

The fabricated surface modified boron nitride epoxy composites exhibit high thermal conductivity, superior thermal stability and good mechanical properties while retaining good electrical insulation properties.

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