scholarly journals The Influence of the Application Technique and Amount of Liquid Starter Fertilizer on Corn Yield

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Milan Drazic ◽  
Kosta Gligorevic ◽  
Milos Pajic ◽  
Ivan Zlatanovic ◽  
Velibor Spalevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Device ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Application Technique ◽  
Starter Fertilizer ◽  
Novel Device ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this research was to study the impact of application technique and rate of liquid starter fertilizer applied with a novel device on the production of corn. Starter fertilizer was applied in the root system range of freshly germinated plants in the ‘belt’ and ‘point’ forms at different quantities (35, 50, 70, and 100 L ha−1), which led to intensive plant growth in the initial stages of development. This adapted system was used for sowing and for application of the liquid starter fertilizer at the same time. The field trial was set up at two sites (two different land types), in the conditions of the natural water regime of the soil during the three vegetation seasons in the period 2016–2018. For this purpose, a prototype of the electronic device EUKU-01 was designed. The starter fertilizer was applied at 5 cm laterally from the row where the sowing was performed and 5 cm below the depth at which the corn seeds were sown. Data were statistically analyzed by two-factor analysis of variance, where the influence of mineral fertilizer treatment and the influence of liquid starter fertilizer treatment were observed as factors. The results showed that the optimal choice of the technique of liquid starter fertilizer application can result in fertilizer savings by 30% without reducing yield.

scholarly journals Phosphate Starter Fertilizer Temporarily Enhances Soil Arsenic Uptake by Apple Trees Grown under Field Conditions

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 826-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.J. Peryea
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Arsenic Uptake ◽  
Starter Fertilizer ◽  
Lead Arsenate

Monoammonium phosphate (MAP) is a popular starter fertilizer in Pacific Northwest tree fruit orchards; however, its use on soils contaminated with lead arsenate pesticide residues can enhance As solubility, thereby increasing As phytoavailability. `Fuji'/EMLA.26 apple trees (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) were planted in Mar. 1992 on a lead arsenate—contaminated Cashmont gravelly sandy loam soil (HCl-extractable soil As range: 60-222 mg·kg-1) using in-hole starter fertilizer application of either MAP or ammonium sulfate at equivalent N and anion rates. In ensuing years, all trees received identical applications of ammonium nitrate only. Relative trunk cross-sectional area was inversely related to soil As concentration in the year of planting but not in subsequent years, and was independent of starter fertilizer treatment. Leaf and fruit As were positively related to soil As in all years. Leaf As was initially higher in the MAP-treated trees; however, this effect diminished over time and disappeared by 1995. Fruit As was independent of starter fertilizer treatment, and was substantially lower than the tolerance established for As in fresh produce. The experimental results indicate that MAP starter fertilizer can increase soil As phytoavailability to apple trees grown under field conditions; however, the effects on tree growth and food safety are insignificant.

Soil conditions and yield of repeatedly grown apple orchard depending on long-term fertilizer application

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (98) ◽  
pp. 34-47
Author(s):  
P. H. Kopytko ◽  
◽  
R. V. Yakovenko
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
The Impact

The issue of scientifically sound fertilizer application in fruit plantations, which are long-term and re-grown in one place remains insufficiently studied. To solve this problem is possible only in long-term stationary studies, as the impact of different fertilizer systems on changes in soil properties and tree productivity for a long period of their use. The results of researches of long-term fertilizer influence on the main fertility indices of dark gray podzolic heavy loam soil and productivity of repeatedly grown apple trees of Idared varieties on seed and vegetative (M4) rootstocks and Calville snow on seedling rootstock are considered. During the 85-year period of growing the first and second generation of apple trees in the experimental garden, the organic fertilizer (40 t/ha of cattle manure), mineral fertilizer (N120P120K120) and their combination (20 t/ha of manure + N60P60K60) were applied in the old plantation every two years in autumn in plowing in rows at 18–20 cm, and in the new repetition: manure, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers as well, and nitrogen fertilizer in half doses annually in spring for cultivation or disk plowing to a depth of 12–15 cm. As a result of research it was found that organic fertilizer better than mineral fertilizers provided the formation of soil fertility (humus and mobile compounds and forms of nutrients, soil reaction) and yield capacity of experimental apple trees, which for all years of fruiting exceeded the total yield of Calville snow and Idared on seedling and vegetative rootstocks, respectively, by 34.8, 27.7 and 23.4 % compared with the yield of the control non-fertilized areas and 16.0, 15.8 and 13.2 % – on those fertilized with N120Р120К120. Similar parameters of soil fertility indicators are formed by the organo-mineral fertilizer system with systematic long-term application of half the norms of organic and mineral fertilizers of manure 20 t/ha together with N60P60K60. However, the mineral system (N120P120K120) significantly less increases the humus content and content of macronutrients available for plant nutrition and does not enrich the soil with trace elements, acidifies the reaction of the soil environment

scholarly journals Weed Spectrum in Durum Wheat under Different Soil Tillage and Fertilizer Application in Mediterranean Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7307
Author(s):  
Verdiana Petroselli ◽  
Emanuele Radicetti ◽  
Alireza Safahani Langeroodi ◽  
Mohamed Allam ◽  
Roberto Mancinelli
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Density And Biomass ◽  
The Impact

Agricultural intensification may cause significant changes in weed density due to high weed competitiveness. Therefore, sustainable practices are to be designed to get maximum benefits of plant biodiversity in the agro-ecosystems. Field experiments were conducted in 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 to evaluate the impact of fertilizer source and soil tillage on weed spectrum in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). Treatments in this study were: (i) two fertilizer sources (mineral fertilizer (MIN) and municipal organic waste (MOW)), and (ii) three tillage regimes (plowing (Plo), subsoiling (Sub) and spading (SM)). A randomized complete block design with three replications was adopted. Data on weed density and biomass were collected at the wheat tillering stage. Weed density was higher in MOW than MIN (53.8 vs. 44.0 plants·m−2), especially in 2014/2015, while S was the highest among tillage regimes (58.2 plants·m−2). Annual and monocots species were always the highest in subsoiling (43.5 and 10.1 plants·m−2). The density of perennial and dicots species was higher in MOW compared with MIN plots, regardless of soil tillage management. Weed community, in terms of weed species composition, varied between the two fertilizer sources, while among soil tillage regimes, it only differed between plowing and subsoiling. Based on the analysis of weed community composition, annual dicot species were mainly associated with plowing, while monocots tended to be associated with MIN fertilizer. Spading tillage may be a useful strategy for managing weed diversity under organic fertilization, where mineral soil nitrogen availability was limited. Conversely, the spading machine produced lower grain yields than plowing with mineral fertilizer application.

scholarly journals Assessment of Recycling-derived Fertilizers as an Alternative to Mineral Fertilizers – Effects on the Soil Microbiome

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (7A) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lea Deinert ◽  
Israel Ikoyi ◽  
Achim Schmalenberger
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Pot Trial ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Impact

Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for all living organisms and is applied as fertilizer in agroecosystems to improve crop growth. Recycling-derived fertilizers (RDFs) have been developed for nutrient recovery from Europe’s largest waste streams as a sustainable alternative to this finite resource. The impact of four RDFs (two ashes, two struvites) on the soil microbiome in comparison with a P-free control and triple super phosphate (TSP) as mineral fertilizer was investigated in a pot trial and a subsequent microcosm trial (subset of samples). For both experiments perennial ryegrass was cultivated for 54 days. The pot trial was conducted at P fertilization rates of 20 and 60 kg P ha-1 in quadruplicates. After the pot harvest the bulk soil was stored until the microcosm trial was conducted, using the control, TSP and the two ashes at 60 kg P ha-1 in six replicates. Pot trial results showed highest P bioavailability from struvites at high P rates, also resulting in higher biomass yield on average. Furthermore, P solubilization capabilities from tri-calcium phosphate was enhanced in the RDFs treatments, while the TSP treatments were negatively affected. For the microcosm trial, most probable number (MPN) analysis showed that phytate-utilizing bacterial abundance was significantly increased in one of the ashes and had also remained higher in the RDF treatments after storage. Understanding the effects of recycling-derived fertilizer application on the soil P cycle is vital for developing a more sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals Fertilizer effect on some basil bioactive compounds and yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teofil Gavrić ◽  
Josip Jurković ◽  
Drena Gadžo ◽  
Lejla Čengić ◽  
Emina Sijahović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Factors ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is an annual plant that belongs to the Lamiaceae family. It is used as an aromatic and medicinal plant. Basil is grown in different regions with varying climates; the productivity and quality are influenced by both abiotic and biotic factors. This study was aimed to determine the impact of the application of different types of fertilizers on the yield and contents of some bioactive components in basil. The treatments consisted of three different types of fertilizers (mineral, organomineral, and organic) and control (without fertilization). The yield per plant and the essential oil content with fertilizer treatment were better than that in control. The highest fresh yield (450.9 g per plant) and oil content (0.94 mL 100 g-1) were recorded in basil cultivated using mineral fertilizers. Furthermore, the fresh yield (333.9 and 327.8 g per plant) and oil content (0.87 and 0.85 mL 100 g-1) were higher after the application of organic and organomineral fertilizers compared to that in the control treatment. There was no significant effect of fertilizer application on the total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity. This study demonstrated a suitable practical application of organomineral fertilizers as a nutrient source in basil crop production in areas where the use of mineral and organic fertilizers is limited.

scholarly journals Effets du Précédent Cultural de L’arachide (Arachis Hypogaea L.) et de la Fumure Minérale sur la Production du Coton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (34) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
N’Goran Kouadio Emmanuel ◽  
Ama Tamia Joséphine Epse Abina ◽  
Yoboue Ahou Natachat Epse Kouakou
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Cotton Plants ◽  
The Impact

Pour restaurer et améliorer la fertilité des sols en culture de coton, l’arachide (Arachis hypogaea L) a été utilisée comme précédent cultural. L’expérimentation a été faite suivant un dispositif en blocs de Fisher avec quatre (4) répétitions et cinq (5) traitements, sur deux années (2018 et 2019). Les résultats ont montré que l’arrière effet de l’arachide (la biomasse et l’azote résiduel issue de la symbiose entre la légumineuse et les bactéries) a amélioré la croissance et le développement végétatif des plants de cotonnier. L’impact de cet apport organique s’est traduit par des plants de cotonniers statistiquement plus grand, (hauteur supérieur à 100 cm) pour le traitement T5 (précédent arachide + dose complet d’engrais). Le traitement T4 (précédent arachide + ½ dose d’engrais) quant à lui a généré un nombre moyen de capsules supérieur à 8 à la seconde campagne. Il ressort également que le précédent arachide associé à la dose complète et à la demi dose de fumure minérale améliore mieux le rendement du coton-graine. Des gains de 3 à 14 % à la 1ère campagne et 19 à 58 % à la deuxième campagne ont été enregistrés. Ainsi, la rotation arachide/coton est une bonne pratique, à encourager. To restore and improve soil fertility in cotton cultivation, peanut (Arachis hypogaea L) was used as a previous crop. The experimentation was done in a Fisher block design with four (4) replications and five (5) treatments, over two years (2018 and 2019). The results showed that the after-effect of the peanut (biomass and residual nitrogen from the symbiosis between the legume and the bacteria) improved the growth and vegetative development of the cotton plants. The impact of this organic fertilizer resulted in statistically larger cotton plants (height greater than 100 cm) for treatment T5 (previous groundnut + full dose of fertilizer). Treatment T4 (previous groundnut + ½ dose of fertilizer) generated an average number of bolls greater than 8 in the second season. It also appears that the groundnut precedent associated with different doses of mineral fertilizer improves seed cotton yields. Gains of 3 to 14% in the first season and 19 to 58% in the second season were recorded. Thus, the groundnut/cotton rotation is a good practice that should be encouraged.

EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENTIATION OF FERTILIZERS DOSES IN GRAIN FALLOW CROP ROTATION LINK

1970 ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
А. I. Ivanov ◽  
Zh. А. Ivanova ◽  
N. А. Tsyganova
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

To assess the efficiency of spatial differentiation of the organic and mineral fertilizer rates in the grain-fallow rotation link the landscape field trial was established in 2013 at the Menkovo experimental station of the Agrophysical Research Institute. The object of study was a historically formed plot of arable land on a mild glacial origin slope of northwestern and western expositions with total area - 53.64 ha (including 47.3 ha of plowed field and 6.34 ha of hayland). The structure of the soil cover consists of a combination of small-contour complexes of light and medium-loamy varieties of soddy gleyed podzolic and gleyic soils. Parent rock is mainly represented by thin and medium loamy and clay sandy moraine underlying by glacial sandy loam on a depth of 75 – 120cm. Soils of medium fertility with plots of high and low fertility are dominated on plowed field. Five key plots of agromicrolandscape (AML) with different geochemical regimes have been selected. The impact of zonal and precision organo-mineral fertilizer system was studied in the "complete fallow – winter wheat – oats plus perennial grasses" crop rotation. Significant differentiation of the soil cover properties of arable land on a mild slope depending on the landscape and environmental conditions was established. The transition to precision agrochemical survey is relevant. The crop rotation link productivity within the five facies of the agricultural landscape varied from 4.98 to 8.68 t/ha in the variant without fertilizer application and from 7.59 to 14.6 t/ha in the variant with fertilizer application. The sufficiency of 1 kg NPK in the fertilizer application variant varied from 1.7 to 5.6 grain units. Sufficient grounds have not been revealed to explain this variability of the indicators only with the relief location and geochemical regime. The optimization of fertilizer rates with regard to specific geochemical regimes (an increase of 12% in AML and a decrease of 14% in AML due to the redistribution of organic and mineral fertilizers) provided increase the sufficiency of 1 kg NPK by 35 %. The methodological basis of such optimization induces a need to develop more detailed scientific argumentation.  

scholarly journals Influence of basic cultivation and fertilization on corn yield on irrigated soils of the Forest Steppe

2016 ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
I. Sliusar ◽  
L. Bohatyr
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Peat Soils ◽  
Complete Fertilizer ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Productivity Gains ◽  
Main Influence

The study was conducted during the 2013–2015 yy on drained peatlands of Panfylska research station NSC «Institute of Agriculture NAAS» (floodplain Supy, Yahotyn district, Kyiv region). Scheme experiment had three main methods of tillage: zero tillage (Roundup — 5 kg/ha), 10–12 cm disking, plowing at 25–27 cm; tillage imposed on this scheme fertilizer, without fertilizer (control), humisol, reacom, K90, R45K120, N45P45K120, N45P45K120 + Reacom. On plant growth and development was the main influence of tillage. The worst development of plants was observed under the zero tillage which averaged 226 cm, disking the soil 10–12 cm in corn helped improve growth corn and ensured increasing altitude plants relative to the zero tillage 6%, and the plowing of plant height average was 11% higher compared with zero cultivation. The most effective basic soil carbonate oldplowed peat under maize silage was plowed to a depth of 25–27 cm, which provides productivity gains for the complete mineral fertilizer disking against 2.7 t/ha as against zero cultivation — 10.6 t/ha silage. The greatest influence on the formation of silage corn was made by a complete fertilizer (N45P45K120) combined with reacom independently of the main cultivation, making only humisol reactions or increase yields provided for plowing by 6.8–8.9 t/ha; disking — 3.9–2.3 zero tillage — 1.3–6.2 t/ha silage. In this regard, to obtain high and stable yields of corn silage on peat soils one should examine and identify the impact of basic soil and fertilizers in peat soils of Forest-steppe.

scholarly journals Microbiocenosis characteristics of agrogenically altered acid brown forest soils in humid subtropics of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 05002
Author(s):  
Elena Rogozhina ◽  
Lyudmila Malyukova
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation Activity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Brown Forest Soils

Under conditions of perennial cropping of industrial tea crop on acidic brown forest soils of the Black Sea coast of Russia, the following were investigated: number of bacteria, of actinomycetes (mainly the Streptomyces genus) and of micromycetes (saccharomycetes), seasonal dynamics and functional activity of the microbial complex during period of 2008-2019. Stationary experiments were launched in various backgrounds of mineral fertilizer application. The experiment was accompanied by the use of generally accepted recommended techniques for microbiological studies. As follows from the analysis of the data obtained, it was established that the long treatment period of mineral fertilizers at doses from N200P60K50 to N600P180K150 in given soil-climatic conditions under the tea crop contributed to significant decrease in the number of actinomycetes and nitrogen fixing bacteria of the Beijerinckia genus vs. the control variant (without fertilizers). The most significant decrease in the number of micromycetes was revealed immediately after the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N600P180K150. After 2 months, the number of this group of soil microorganisms was built back. Under the impact of both medium and high doses of mineral fertilizers, the functional activity decrease of soils (CO2 emission and potential nitrogen fixation activity) was noted.

Response of hawkweed (Hieracium floribundum) patches to NPK fertilizer in an abandoned pasture

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 1944-1949 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Reader ◽  
W. H. Watt
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Standing Crop ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
The Impact

Fertilizer (336 kg ha−1 year−1 NPK) was applied to an abandoned pasture in southern Ontario to investigate the impact of changing soil fertility on the process of patch formation by hawkweeds (mainly Hieracium floribundum Wimm. and Grab.: Compositae). A single application of fertilizer was sufficient to increase the grass standing crop, reduce the hawkweed standing crop, and thereby temporarily halt the process of patch formation in areas initially dominated by grasses (mainly Poa compressa L.). Repeated (i.e., annually for 4 years) fertilization simply increased further the predominance of grasses in these areas. In dense, well-established hawkweed patches annual fertilizer treatment was essential to maintain the increased standing crop of grasses. In these dense patches even repeated fertilizer application had no effect on the standing crop of hawkweed. The experimental results clearly showed that soil fertility could influence the outcome of grass–hawkweed interactions in this pasture. Presumably soil fertility is an important determinant of the rate of patch formation by hawkweeds.

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