scholarly journals Selection of Habanero Pepper F1 Hybrids (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) at the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico with a High Potential for Different Markets

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 478
Author(s):  
Liliana S. Muñoz-Ramírez ◽  
Laura P. Peña-Yam ◽  
Martha A. Álvarez-Gil ◽  
Lourdes G. Iglesias-Andreu ◽  
Susana A. Avilés-Viñas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Habanero Pepper ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
Fruit Pericarp ◽  
Pericarp Thickness

This study evaluated 29 F1 lines and the 11 genotypes of habanero peppers used in the crossbreeding program developed by the Scientific Research Center of Yucatan, México. A randomized complete block design with four repetitions was used. Eight plants of each of the genotypes were studied per block. A total of 22 qualitative and 18 quantitative descriptors established in the manuals of the International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) and the National Service for Seed Inspection and Certification (SNICS) was used. The multiple correspondence analysis of the qualitative traits explained 38.2% of the total variability. The trait that contributed the most to the qualitative variability identified was the presence of anthocyanins in the node. Principal component analysis showed that the first two axes explained 85.1% of the total variability and that capsaicin content and fruit pericarp thickness were the major contributors to the variation recorded. Based on these results, four F1 hybrids of habanero pepper were selected because of their promising traits for the different markets, i.e., high productive potential and/or high pungency. These traits are described in the section on Results.

scholarly journals Diversity of Pepper (Capsicum spp.) Genotypes from Eritrea Assessed by Morphological Traits

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brhan Khiar Saleh ◽  
Remmy W. Kasili ◽  
Edward G. Mamati ◽  
Woldeamlak Araia ◽  
Aggrey B. Nyende
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fruit Characteristics ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Capsicum Spp ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Combined Data ◽  
Three Components

<p>Diversity in plant genetic resources provides an opportunity for plant breeders to develop new and improved cultivars with desirable characteristics. The purpose of this study was to assess the diversity of Eritrean pepper germplasm in order to obtain information for improving it. A total of 60 pepper (<em>Capsicum</em> spp.) seed sample collections were obtained from farmers and institutions in Eritrea. The collections were evaluated at two sites located in two different agro-climatic regions of the country. The collections were assessed using 16 quantitative and 23 qualitative descriptors. A Randomized Complete Block Design was used for the evaluation. Quantitative and qualitative data of the two sites were subjected to Principal Component Analysis, Principal Coordinate Analysis, Hierarchal clustering, Analysis of variance and Correlation. The distribution of characters of the different quantitative and qualitative traits and the performance of the collections showed the existece of variable characters distributed among the collections indicating considerable diversity. For quantitative variables, the first three components were able to explain 61%, 58% and 67% of the total variation in Hamelmalo, Asmara and combined data of the two sites respectively. While for the qualitative variables the first three components were able to explain a variation of 58% in Hamelmalo, 49%, in Asmara and 55% combined data of the two sites. Phenological attributes and fruit characteristics were found to contribute more to the variation. The majority of the traits evaluated were significant and the highest Coefficient of Variation was related to fruit characteristics. The results of this study showed that there is sufficient variability within the Eritrean pepper genotypes that could be used in future breeding and crop improvement programs.</p>

scholarly journals Morphological characterization and hierarchical classification of 40 bush pea genotypes (Pisum sativum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Rosero-Lombana ◽  
Oscar Checa-Coral
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Hierarchical Classification ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Color Degree ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Hierarchical Classification Analysis

The Universidad de Nariño is home to a collection of bush pea plantlets that are a source of biodiversity for the genetic improvement of pea species in Colombia. The characterization of these accessions is required to identify genotypes with attributes that could be used in the search for new varieties. For the morphological characterization, 40 pea accessions were planted in Pasto, Colombia. 23 quantitative variables and 12 qualitative variables were documented, descriptors proposed for this species by the European Union in 2003. The data were subjected to Principal Component Analysis and Multiple Correspondence Analysis. Finally, a hierarchical classification method was applied using Ward’s method. The first four components, which explained 78.80% of the total variability of the population, were selected for the quantitative variables. Four groups were identified. Genotypes with the afila gene, which are of interest for pea breeding programs, were found in groups 1 and 2. The highest seed weight was in group 1, and the genotypes with the best reaction to powdery mildew were in group four. For the qualitative variables, the first six factors, which described 60.51% of the variability, were selected, and the hierarchical classification analysis resulted in five groups. The qualitative characteristics that contributed more to the differentiation of the groups included leaflet type, hilum color, degree of curvature of the pod, color and shape of the grain.

scholarly journals PHYSICO-CHEMICAL EVALUATION OF TOMATO HYBRID DERIVATIVES FOR PROCESSING SUITABILITY

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-145
Author(s):  
Fikreyohannes GedamuMihretu ◽  
M.N. Bhalekar
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Chemical Evaluation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Fruit Pericarp ◽  
Pericarp Thickness

Investigation was carried out to evaluate F5 and F6 generations of tomato hybrid derivatives for its physicochemical characters and its suitability for processing during spring-summer 2009/10 and 2010/11 at Vegetable Research area, Mahatma Phule Agricultural University, Rahuri.  F5 and F6 generations of two crosses (M-3-1 x H-24 and 87-2 x 18-1-1) and two standard checks (‘Bhagyashree’ and ‘Dhanashree’) were evaluated for processing suitability in randomized block design in three replications. There were significant differences in all the fruit physical characters studied. Significantly highest polar and equatorial diameters, shape index of fruit, pericarp thickness were recorded in both F5 and F6 generation. Biochemical composition and processing qualities of tomato genotypes in both F5 and F6 generations showed significant differences except fruit juice per cent in F6 generation. Major processing quality characters maximum recorded in F5 and F6 generations were: total soluble solids, 5.03 (T18) and 5.17oBrix (T27); titratable acidity 0.6 per cent (T13) and 0.68 per cent (T24); low pH, 4.07 (T21) and 4.07 (T6); maximum ascorbic acid, 36.27 (T26) and 32.93 (T32) mg/100 g; fruit total sugars, 3.72 per cent (T6) and 3.71 per cent (T26); maximum lycopene in T26 , which was 5.95 and 4.23 mg/100 g; β-carotene, was highest  in T32, 2.97 and 2.94 mg/100 g in F5 and F6 progenies.

Genetic Diversity and Responses of Some Selected Yellow Maize Genotypes to Stem Borer (Sesamia calamistis Hampson) Infestation

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Omotola Solomon Oyeniyi ◽  
Bunmi Olasanmi ◽  
Samuel Adelowo Olakojo ◽  
Solomon Tayo Akinyosoye
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Maize Varieties

Aims: Identification of promising resistant parents against stem borer infestation for the development of high yielding maize hybrids. Study Design: Ten yellow maize genotypes selected for yield potential and durable level of tolerance to stem borer infestation were used in this study. A stem borer resistant yellow maize variety was crossed with nine stem borer (not necessarily resistant) maize varieties in a top-cross mating design. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in 2017 and 2018 at the Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, OAU, Ibadan, Nigeria. Methodology: The resulting nine F1 hybrids along with the ten parents were evaluated under irrigation using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications in a stem borer endemic area. Data collected were subjected to combined analysis of variance (ANOVA), principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analyses. Results: Results obtained showed significant differences for year and genotype, as well as their interaction for some traits measured. Maize varieties were delineated into three groups. The first two PCA with Eigen values greater than 1.0 accounted for 73.0% of the variation; where PC1 was responsible for 52.5% of the variation and was associated with percentage stem borer infestation, leaf damage, plant aspect, stem tunneling ratio and dead heart. PC2 accounted for 20.5% and associated with only grain yield (GY). Also, maize hybrids had higher GY and better resistance to stem borer than their parents by 24.3% and -14.3%, respectively. BR9928-DMR-SR-Y was identified as resistant to stem borer with high GY in hybrid combinations. Positive and significant correlation was obtained among infestation parameters. Conclusion: Genes from promising donor parents may be introgressed into other desirable maize germplasm for the development of stem borer resistant maize hybrids.

Genetic Evaluation and Bi-plot Analysis in Okra Hybrids for Yield, Quality Components and YVMV Resistance

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
SS SOLANKEY ◽  
ANIL K SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Cross Combination ◽  
Plot Analysis ◽  
Eigen Value ◽  
Coefficient Of Variability ◽  
Yield Quality

Fifty one okra F1 hybrids (using 17 lines as female and 3 testers as male parent) were evaluated in RCBD design during two different consecutive seasons (summer and rainy). Phenotypic coefficient of variability (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variability (GCV) for all studied character exhibiting environmental effects on the expression of characters. Heritability (h2b) along with genetic advance per cent of mean was found highest for character YVMV (86.95% and 150.61%). All the 51 okra hybrids were grouped into 4 distinct clusters in which Cluster II was the largest cluster having 28 F1s (54.90% of total F1s) followed by Cluster I with 14 F1s (27.45% of total F1s). Out of the major 6 PCs, 4 principal components (PC1, PC2, PC3 and PC4) accounted with proportionate values of 22.61, 17.22, 11.87 and 10.63%, respectively and contributed 62.33 % of the cumulative variation having Eigen value more than one. Moreover, based on PCs and genetic divergence in Cluster I and Cluster IV for plant height, YVMV and number of fruit per plant is important to identify the best cross combination (Arka Abhay × Arka Anamika) in okra. Therefore, the best cross combinations for improvement in various economic traits can be recommended on the basis of genetic divergence and principal component analysis in okra.

scholarly journals Four-Year Study on the Bio-Agronomic Response of Biotypes of Capparis spinosa L. on the Island of Linosa (Italy)

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Salvatore La Bella ◽  
Francesco Rossini ◽  
Mario Licata ◽  
Giuseppe Virga ◽  
Roberto Ruggeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Capparis Spinosa ◽  
Production Behavior ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

The caper plant is widespread in Sicily (Italy) both wild in natural habitats and as specialized crops, showing considerable morphological variation. However, although contributing to a thriving market, innovation in caper cropping is low. The aim of the study was to evaluate agronomic and production behavior of some biotypes of Capparis spinosa L. subsp. rupestris, identified on the Island of Linosa (Italy) for growing purposes. Two years and seven biotypes of the species were tested in a randomized complete block design. The main morphological and production parameters were determined. Phenological stages were also observed. Analysis of variance showed high variability between the biotypes. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis highlighted a clear distinction between biotypes based on biometric and production characteristics. Production data collected in the two-year period 2007–2008 showed the greatest production levels in the third year following planting in 2005. In particular, biotype SCP1 had the highest average value (975.47 g) of flower bud consistency. Our results permitted the identification of biotypes of interest for the introduction into new caper fields. Further research is needed in order to characterize caper biotypes in terms of the chemical composition of the flower buds and fruits.

Influence of psychoanalytical training on professional performance in a sample of French speaking psychotherapists

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Dazord ◽  
P Gerin ◽  
JD Davis ◽  
ML Davis ◽  
N Aapro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Common Core ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽  
International Study ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Professional Performance ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Perceived Effects

SummaryThis study is part of a more extensive research conducted by a group of scientists from different countries, who have joined forces to conduct an international study on the development of the therapist, and to develop a novel instrument for therapists, the “Development of Psychotherapists’ Common Core Questionnaire” (CCQ). We report here the results based on the answers of a French-speaking sample to this questionnaire. Data were analyzed using univariate (non parametric tests) and multivariate analyses (Principal Component Analysis and Multiple Correspondence Analysis). The perceived effects of psychoanalytical training were examined. The therapists’ own perception on their current skills and the type of difficulties they experienced were very similar, whether or not they had received psychoanalytical training. However, striking and significant differences in coping strategies were observed between the two groups.

scholarly journals Nutritional Requirement of Sugarcane Cultivars

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinicius S. G. da Silva ◽  
Mauro W. de Oliveira ◽  
Vilma M. Ferreira ◽  
Terezinha B. A. Oliveira ◽  
Elaine R. Galvão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Nutritional Requirement ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
The Past ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
New Varieties

Sugarcane produces a large amount of biomass, extracts and accumulates high amounts of nutrients. In the literature the nutritional requirements for most cultivated varieties in the past are found, however there is little information on the new varieties currently planted. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional requirement of four sugarcane varieties, currently very planted, in the cycles of plant-cane, first and second ratoon. The study was installed in a Yellow Oxisol. The experimental design was a randomized block design, with five replications, and four treatments: RB867515, RB92579, SP813250 and VAT90212. During maturation of the cane, in the three evaluation cycles, the productivity of natural biomass and the nutritional requirement of macronutrients of the varieties were determined. It was evidenced that the cultivars of sugarcane are of high productive potential and resemble the accumulation of biomass, observing a yield of 158, 128 and 107 t ha-1 in the cycles of plant-cane, first and second ratoon. Regarding the nutritional requirement, the varieties did not differ among them and expressed the following order of need in the plant-cane K > N > Ca > Mg > S > P, in the first and second ratoon, the sequence observed was K > N > Ca > S > Mg > P.

scholarly journals Genotype by Trait Interaction (GT) in Maize Hybrids on Complete Fertilizer

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2388
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohammad Nasir Mousavi ◽  
Csaba Bojtor ◽  
Árpád Illés ◽  
János Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Total Data ◽  
Ammi Model ◽  
Complete Fertilizer ◽  
The University

We investigated the interaction between genotype by trait, and an experiment was conducted at the University of Debrecen. Two maize cultivars, FAO340 and FAO410, were studied in a randomized complete block design with four replications. This experiment was applied to the six fertilization treatments. Fertilizer levels were NPK0 (control) (N:0, P2O5:0, K2O:0), NPK1 (N:30, P2O5:23, K2O:27), NPK2 (N:60, P2O5:46, K2O:54), NPK3 (N:90, P2O5:69, K2O:81), NPK4 (N:120, P2O5:92, K2O:108), and NPK5 (N:150, P2O5:115, K2O:135). The first principal component showed 54.24%, and the second principal component showed 20.75%, which explained the total squares interaction using the AMMI model in the case of the FAO410 hybrid. As regards the FAO340 hybrid, the first principal component showed 58.18%, and the second principal component showed 18.04%, explaining the total squares interaction using the AMMI model in the FAO410 hybrid. In the GGE biplot on FAO410, the first and the second principal components covered 91.20% of the total data in this analysis. Accordingly, the desirable treatment was NPK5, followed by NPK4, NPK2, NPK3, NPK1, and NPK0. NPK4 and NPK5 had the most desirable treatments for the number of seeds per row, chlorophyll, weight of 1000 seeds, and stem diameter in the case of the FAO410 hybrid.

scholarly journals Heterosis dan Heterobeltiosis Hasil Gabah Serta Korelasinya Terhadap Pertumbuhan Padi Hibrida

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-100
Author(s):  
Nurwulan Agustiani ◽  
Sujinah Sujinah ◽  
Bayu P Wibowo ◽  
Satoto Satoto
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Positive Heterosis ◽  
Growth Characters ◽  
Grain Number Per Panicle

Heterosis in F1-hybrids is very closely related to processes during plant growth. The purpose of this study was to obtain information on some growth characters that supported positive heterosis for yield.  The experiment was carried out at KP. Sukamandi on the rainy season in 2016, used a Randomized Block Design with three replications. The material used in this study were four superior hybrid varieties (Hipa 9, Hipa 18, Hipa 19, and Hipa East Java 2) and their parents (maintainer and restorer strains). The results showed that the four materials tested had positive heterosis values ​​with an average value of 4.23-25.03% for the characters of plant height, tiller number, grain number per panicle, weight of 1000 grains, and yield. Heterobeltiosis values ​​ranged from 2.06% to 13.62% for the characters of plant height, tiller number, grain number per panicle, and yield.  Growth characters that were positively correlated to yield increase were plant height, leaf area in the primordia phase, and weight of 1000 grains. The four hybrid materials tested had similar leaf area per clump in the primordia phase, but only Hipa Jatim 2 still had the highest leaf area in the physiological cooking phase. All four hybrids had better leaf thickness characteristics than their parents. F1 average showed increased number of grain per panicle compared to the two parents, especially in Hipa 18 and Hipa 19, which had a higher weight per 1000 grains than the two parents. Keywords: hybrids, rice, heterosis, heterobeltiosis   ABSTRAK Heterosis pada F1-hibrida sangat berkaitan erat dengan proses-proses selama pertumbuhan tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkaninformasibeberapa karakter pertumbuhan yang mendukung heterosis positif terhadap hasil. Percobaan dilaksanakan di KP. Sukamandi pada musim hujan 2016, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah empat varietas unggul hibrida (Hipa 9, Hipa 18, Hipa 19, dan Hipa Jatim 2) dan tetuanya (galur maintainer dan restorer). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keempat materi yang diuji mempunyai nilai heterosis positif dengan nilai rata-rata 4,23-25,03% pada karakter tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, jumlah gabah per malai, bobot 1000 butir, dan hasil. Nilai heterobeltiosis berkisar antara 2,06% sampai 13,62% pada karakter tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, jumlah gabah per malai, dan hasil. Karakter-karakter pertumbuhan yang berkorelasi positif terhadap peningkatan hasil yaitu tinggi tanaman, luas daun pada fase primordia, dan bobot 1000 butir. Keempat materi hibrida yang diuji mempunyai luas daun per rumpun yang setara pada fase primordia, namun hanya Hipa Jatim 2 yang masih mempunyai luas daun tertinggi pada fase masak fisiologis,.  Keempatnya mempunyai karakter ketebalan daun yang lebih baik dibanding tetuanya. Rata-rata F1 menunjukkan perbaikan jumlah gabah per malai dibanding kedua tetuanya, terlebih pada Hipa 18 dan Hipa 19 yang juga mempunyai bobot 1000 butir lebih tinggi dibandingkan kedua tetuanya. Kata kunci: hibrida, pada, heterosis, heterobeltiosis

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