scholarly journals NaCl and Na2SO4 Salinities Have Different Impact on Photosynthesis and Yield-Related Parameters in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 864
Author(s):  
Willy Irakoze ◽  
Hermann Prodjinoto ◽  
Séverin Nijimbere ◽  
Gervais Rufyikiri ◽  
Stanley Lutts
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Comparative Effect ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Chloride Salinity ◽  
Nutrient Solutions ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Intercellular Co2

To elucidate the comparative effect of chloride and sulfate salinities on photosynthesis and yield components in rice, plants of Oryza sativa (cv. I Kong Pao (salt-sensitive)) were exposed in nutrient solutions to 20 mM Na2SO4 or 40 mM NaCl (electrical conductivity of c.a. 4.30 dS m−1 for both solutions) from seedlings to maturity stage. Both types of salt induced a strong decrease in net photosynthesis (AN) at the seedling and tillering stages, while the intercellular CO2 concentrations (Ci) remained unaffected. Instantaneous transpiration (E) and stomatal conductance (gs) decreased at the tillering and seedling stages, respectively, only in plants exposed to NaCl. Chloride salinity also strongly decreased photosynthetic pigments, while no impact was detected in response to Na2SO4. All yield-related parameters were affected by salinities, but NaCl was significantly more deleterious than Na2SO4 for the mean number of tillers produced per plant, spikelets sterility and non-viable pollen percentage. In contrast, both types of salinity similarly impacted the percentage of fertile tillers and 1000-grain weight. At the grain level, more than 90% of toxic ions (Na+, excess of Cl− and S6+) accumulated in the hulls, thus preserving the internal part of the caryopses from toxic ion injuries.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Fungicides Against Grain Discoloration Disease of Rice

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 073-076
Author(s):  
V. A. Patil ◽  
◽  
P. B. Patel ◽  
P. D. Ghoghari ◽  
N. K. Kavad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Fungal Disease ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Cereal Crop

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the important cereal crop grown extensively in Gujarat. It suffers from grain discoloration fungal disease causing heavy losses at maturity stage of rice. A field experiment was laid out with the single and new combinations fungicides against rice grain discoloration disease under field conditions during kharif-2013-14, 2014-15 and 2015-16. Six fungicides at various concentrations were screened against rice grain discoloration disease. The trifloxystrobin 25% + tebuconazole 50% (0.03 %) @ 0.4 g l-1 and propiconazole 25 EC (0.025 %) @ 1.0 ml l-1 was found effective against rice grain discoloration and recorded significantly higher healthy grains.

Genetic control of meiosis in rice, Oryza sativa L. IV. Cytogenetical analyses of asynaptic mutants

1984 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunio Kitada ◽  
Takeshi Omura
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Chiasma Frequency ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
The Other ◽  
Normal Plant ◽  
Meiotic Stage ◽  
The Mean

One complete asynaptic mutant, MM-19, and two partial ones, MM-4 and MM-16, of Oryza sativa L. induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) were cytogenetically investigated. No chromosome pairing occurred from zygotene to pachytene and 24 univalents appeared at diakinesis and metaphase 1 in MM-19. On the other hand, a partial lack of chromosome pairing was observed from zygotene to pachytene and various numbers of univalents occurred at metaphase I in MM-4 and MM-16. The mean chiasma frequency per bivalent as well as per cell decreased to different extents in MM-4 and MM-16, and the correlation between both the amount of chromosome pairing from zygotene to pachytene and the chiasma frequency per cell at diakinesis was recognized. Judging from the development of anthers in each meiotic stage, the duration of the stage forming the synizetic knot, at which chromosome pairing took place, was longer in MM-4 and MM-16 than in the normal plant, and was in MM-19 almost as long as in the normal plant. The results of gene analyses indicate that each of the three asynaptic mutants is controlled by a recessive gene and that, at least for MM-4 and MM-16, these genes are located at different loci.Key words: asynaptic, rice, Oryza, chiasma frequency, synizesis.

scholarly journals Application of Organic Liquid Fertilizer on Growth and Production of RiceVarieties (Oryza sativa L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-363
Author(s):  
Hermawan Indra K. ◽  
Jonatan Ginting ◽  
Charloq
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Organic Liquid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Liquid Fertilizer ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The aims of this study was to determine the effect of organic liquid fertilizer concentration and varieties on the growth and production of several varieties rice. This research had done at Desa Sendang Rejo, Kecamatan Binjai, North Sumatera with the 50 meters of sea level, from August until November 2016. This research used randomized block design with 2 factor treatments. The first factor was organic liquid fertilizer concentration with 4 levels 0 cc/ litre of water, 3 cc/liter of water, 6 cc/ litre of water and 9 cc/liter of water. The second factor was varieties with 3 levels Ciherang, Inpari 30 and Inpari 32. The result showed that the concentration organic liquid fertilizer significantly effect the plant height, tillers, 1000 grain weight and production per plant. Best result is obtained in treatment 9 cc/litre of water.

scholarly journals Mapping of qTGW1.1, a Quantitative Trait Locus for 1000-Grain Weight in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Rice Science ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHANG Hong-wei ◽  
CHEN Yu-yu ◽  
CHEN Jun-yu ◽  
ZHU Yu-jun ◽  
HUANG De-run ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Locus ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

scholarly journals Mercury Accumulation in Commercial Varieties of Oryza sativa L. Cultivated in Soils of La Mojana Region, Colombia

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 304
Author(s):  
Germán Enamorado-Montes ◽  
Brayan Reino-Causil ◽  
Iván Urango-Cardenas ◽  
Siday Marrugo-Madrid ◽  
José Marrugo-Negrete
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
High Consumption ◽  
Rice Consumption ◽  
32 Factorial Design ◽  
Chinese Standard ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Hg Accumulation

The Hg accumulation in different commercial varieties of Oryza sativa L. was evaluated in the region of La Mojana, Colombia, where rice cultivation has become the staple food of the population living in this area. The varieties studied were Fedearroz-473 (FA473), Fedearroz-2000 (FA2000), and Fedearroz-Mocari (FAM). Soil spiked at different Hg levels was evaluated, (130, 800, and 1500 µg kg−1) using a 32 factorial design that consisted of 3 (rice varieties) × 3 (Hg contents). The biomass, 1000-grain weight, and the accumulation of Hg in the roots, grains, and husks were determined. The highest biomass was found in the FA473 (308.76 ± 108.26 g), and the lowest was found in FAM (144.04 ± 26.45 g) in the 1500 µg kg−1 Hg soil in both cases. The weight per 1000-grains decreased significantly in the soil containing 800 µg of Hg kg−1. Hg accumulation in the organs of the evaluated varieties was higher in the roots, followed by in the husks and grains. The Hg in the rice grains of the evaluated varieties presented levels close to the permissible limit of the Chinese standard (20 μg Hg kg−1) in the evaluated soils and were only exceeded by FA473. Although in natural soil concentrations, the non-cancer health risk (HQ) from rice consumption was lower for FA473 and FAM; Hg enrichment in the soil of La Mojana region may endanger the health of future populations due to their high consumption of rice.

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN UMUR BIBIT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI PADI SAWAH (Oryza sativa L)

EUGENIA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikson J. Porong
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Rice Seedling ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

ABSTRACT   This study used a randomized block design with five standard treatments as follows: A1 (15 days), A2 (20 days), A3 (25 days), A4 (30 days), A5 (35 days). The treatment was repeated three times. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best age of the seeds in order to obtain high growth and production. The results of statistical analysis showed that there was no siginifcant difference in the number of unproductive tillers 70 days after transplanting, but this was not the case for the leaf area index; 70 days after germination there was a significant difference. A1 treatment (15 days) had the highest LAI is 4, 56. The same result was shown in the weight of 1000 grains of rice where there was a significant difference among treatments; A1 treatment (15 days) weighted 31.12. It was concluded that the age of seedlings after transplanting had a significant effect on LAI and 1000 grain weight of rice grain after harvest. Keywords: Rice, seedling, transplanting ABSTRACT   Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan lima taraf perlakuan sebagai berikut : A1 (15 hari), A2 (20 hari), A3 (25 hari), A4 (30 hari), A5 (35 hari). Perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan umur bibit yang tepat sehingga diperoleh pertumbuhan yang tinggi. Hasil analisis statistika menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang nyata pada jumlah anakan yang tidak produktif 70 hari setelah pindah tanam namun pada indeks luas daun 70 hari setelah berkecambah terdapat suatu perbedaan yang nyata, terlihat pada perlakuan A1 (15 hari) memiliki ILD tertinggi yaitu 4,56. Hal yang sama terlihat pada bobot gabah 1000 butir terdapat suatu perbedaan yang nyata antara perlakuan yaitu pada perlakuan A1 (15 hari) memiliki bobot tinggi yaitu 31,12. Disimpulkan bahwa umur bibit setelah pindah tanam sangat berpengaruh pada ILD dan bobot gabah 1000 butir padi setelah panen. Kata kunci: Padi, bibit, pindah tanam

Combination of traits at two developmental stages under salt stress as a measure of tolerance in a reciprocally crossed rice (Oryza sativa) population

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina M. Elias ◽  
M. Sazzadur Rahman ◽  
Sumaiya F. Khan ◽  
Sudip Biswas ◽  
Taslima Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Reciprocal Cross ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Breeding Lines

The rice (Oryza sativa L.) landrace Horkuch from Bangladesh maintains efficient photosynthesis and detoxification under salt stress and was therefore considered to be a useful donor for tolerance traits. Reciprocally crossed bi-parental mapping populations were generated from salt-tolerant Horkuch and high-yielding salt-sensitive variety IR29, in order to identify superior salt-tolerant high-yielding lines as donors. The present study reports on the phenotypic screening data of ~300 F3 segregating populations from the reciprocal cross and their parental lines in seedlings and screening of a subset at maturity stage under gradual salt stress of 12 dS m–1 for seedlings and 8 dS m–1 for mature plants. Correlation, broad-sense heritability and principal component analyses for salt tolerance as well as yield-related traits were conducted in the populations at the two developmental stages. Level of salt injury was found to be correlated with traits such as filled grain weight at maturity stage and biomass-related traits at the seedling stage. This association between yield-related and survival traits helped to identify tolerant and sensitive plants, which were predicative of agronomic performance under salt stress. Moreover, use of the reciprocal-cross population showed how cytoplasmic inheritance of specific traits such as K+ concentrations can affect characteristics of donor plants. Measurement of a large number of traits and analysis of their co-inherited interrelation can therefore help identify the best performing plants under salt stress for effective breeding strategies. The data are being utilised in mapping of quantitative trait loci, and selected progenies are being used as breeding lines for producing durable salt-tolerant, high-yielding rice varieties.

scholarly journals Influence of vermicompost and npk on the growth and protein content of boro rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
KN Nishi ◽  
S Rahman ◽  
K Nakamura ◽  
MK Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Boro Rice ◽  
Oriza Sativa

Influence of vermicompost (2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 ton/ha), Nitrogen (12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 kg/ha), phosphorus (4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 kg/ha) and potassium (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 kg/ha) on the growth and protein contents of Boro rice (Oriza sativa L.) was examined. Highest height (93.03cm), leaf number (23 no/plant), highest productive plants observed (8.67 no/pot), vegetative plants (8.0 no/pot), dry weight of panicle per plant (9.45 g), length of panicle (22.37 cm), number of grains per panicle (153.33),1000-grain weight (21.56 g) and the maximum dry weight (28.15 g/plant) were observed in VC10 ton/ha + N12P4K10 kg/ha treatments. Highest concentrations of protein content (29.875%), P (0.478%), K (5.20%) and S (0.182%) were in N60P20K50 kg/ha. Results showed that the overall best growth performance and yield were achieved in VC10 ton/ha + N12P4K10 kg/ha treatments. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2019, 5(2): 69-74

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