scholarly journals Fertigation Management and Growth-Promoting Treatments Affect Tomato Transplant Production and Plant Growth after Transplant

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Moncada ◽  
Filippo Vetrano ◽  
Alessandro Esposito ◽  
Alessandro Miceli
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Tomato Seedling ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Bacillus Spp

Plant biostimulants are of interest as they can stimulate plant growth and increase resource utilization. There is still no information on the use of plant growth-promoters under variable nutritional conditions in the nursery and the effects on tomato seedling growth and plant performance after transplant. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of gibberellic acid (GA3) or bacterial biostimulant treatments to enhance the growth and quality of greenhouse-grown tomato (Solanum lycopersicum ‘Marmande’) seedlings, fertigated with increasing nutrient rates and to assess the efficacy of these treatments on the early growth of tomato plants. During autumn 2019, tomato seedlings were inoculated with 1.5 g L−1 of TNC BactorrS13 (a commercial biostimulant containing 1.3 × 108 CFU g−1 of Bacillus spp.) or sprayed with 10−5 M GA3 and fertigated with a nutrient solution containing 0, 1, 2 and 4 g L−1 of NPK fertilizer (20-20-20) when they reached the 11th BBCH growth stage for tomato. Subsequently, the seedlings were evaluated in greenhouse cultivation for 60 days until at least the 61st BBCH growth stage (January 2020). The growth of the tomato seedlings increased curvilinearly in relation to the fertigation rates. The GA3-treated seedlings showed similar or even higher growth parameters than the control seedlings fed with 4 g L−1 of fertilizer but with half of the nutrients. The inoculation of the substrate with Bacillus spp. had negative effects in the absence of fertigation but determined a greater growth at the highest fertigation rate. The bacterial inoculum of seedlings had longer-term effects than the GA3 treatment during the plant growth, but these effects were noticeable mainly when the bacterial biostimulant was associated with the highest fertigation rate.

scholarly journals Differential Effects of a Vermicompost Fertilizer on Emergence and Seedling Growth of Tomato Plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yurdagül Şimşek Erşahin ◽  
Ali Ece ◽  
Ebru Karnez
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Vermicompost products have gained a great importance in plant nutrition over the years. They are reported to have plant growth promoting effects both in horticulture and field crops. The nutritional value and chemical properties of vermicomposts highly depend on the feedstock used in their production. The aim of this study was to evaluate vermicompost manure, derived from the mixture of cattle manure and kitchen scraps, on seed germination and growth of tomato seedlings (Lycopersicon lycopersicum Mill.). Four solid vermicompost amendment rates of 0, 10, 20, and 30% were applied in plastic trays. Vermicompost application delayed and reduced seed emergence in all application rates, while in general, vermicompost substitution promoted growth tomato seedlings up to 20% of application rate. The results showed that vermicompost substitutions greater than 20% had adverse effects on seedling emergence and seedling growth parameters, which was attributed to high EC of vermicompost induced by cattle manure. Results suggest that both physical and chemical properties of the feedstock used for vermicompost production should be taken into consideration in order to sustain high vermicompost quality to ensure targeted plant growth for horticultural and agricultural purposes.

scholarly journals Tomato Early Seedling Height Control Using a Paclobutrazol Seed Soak

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 768-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan P. Brigard ◽  
Richard L. Harkess ◽  
Brian S. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Hypocotyl Elongation ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Tomato Seedling ◽  
Height Control ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Early Seedling

Tomato seedling hypocotyls elongate rapidly after germination resulting in weak seedlings. The effects of 0, 250, 500, 750, or 1000 mg paclobutrazol (PB)/L seed soak and soaking times from 1 to 12 hours on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seed germination, seedling growth, and plant growth were tested. Adequate height control was obtained with 250 mg PB/L while soaking time did not affect seedling growth. In a second experiment, PB was tested at 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, or 250 mg PB/L soaking the seed for 1 hour. A concentration of PB at 100 mg·L–1 provided optimum control of hypocotyl elongation with minimal residual effect on subsequent plant growth. In a third experiment, seed soaked at the different PB concentrations were germinated and grown under light intensities of 0.09, 50, 70, or 120 μmol·m–2·s–1. Seedlings grown under 0.09 μmol·m–2·s–1 were not affected by PB treatment and did not develop an epicotyl. PB seed soak treatment gave greater growth suppression under 50 μmol·m-2·s-1 than under the two higher light levels. Soaking tomato seeds in 100 mg PB/L for 1 hour prevented early hypocotyl stretch of tomato seedlings with no long term effects on plant growth. This treatment effectively prevented excessive hypocotyl elongation when seeds were germinated under low PAR while not over controlling elongation under high PAR conditions.

scholarly journals Valorization of Cotton Gin Trash through Thermal and Biological Conversion for Soil Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13842
Author(s):  
Qurat-ul-Ain ◽  
Aisha Nazir ◽  
Sergio C. Capareda ◽  
Muhammad Shafiq ◽  
Firdaus-e-Bareen
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Biological Conversion ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Attributes ◽  
Cotton Gin

Cotton gin trash, the by-product of the cotton ginning industry which is produced in large quantities every year, can be utilized as feedstock for deriving high quality organic materials such as biochar, compost and co-composted derivates for improvement of soils’ key physical, chemical and biological properties. This is the first report in which cotton gin trash was both thermally and biologically converted at the same time into biochar (BC), compost (C) and co-compost (Coc), and their effects on soil properties and on plant performance were examined. In order to find the optimum rate, the products were used as soil amendments in a greenhouse experiment at 2.5 t ha−1, 5 t ha−1and 10 t ha−1 rates. All of the amendments contributed in improving the soil properties and provided agronomic benefits to plants, however plants (radish var. Cherry belle) showed significantly (p < 0.05) better growth attributes and almost a 315% increase in biomass yield observed when co-composted biochar (10 t ha−1) was applied to the soil, thus suggesting its role in compensating fertilizer application. Amendments (2.5 and 5.0 t ha−1) considerably increased plant growth parameters; however, differences between 5 and 10 t ha−1 amendments were not so significant. As a result, replenishing soil with Coc (5 t ha−1) on a regular basis can promote plant growth and improve soil qualities over time.

scholarly journals Effect of Penicillium Extractsa on Germination Vigor in Subsequent Seedling Growth of Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Ghazala Nasim ◽  
Sobia Mushtaq ◽  
Irum Mukhtar ◽  
Ibatsam Khokhar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Tomato Seedling ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Germination Vigor

AbstractPenicilliumspp. are well known to produce a variety of beneficial metabolites for plant growth and survival, as well as defend their hosts from attack of certain pathogens. In this study, effects of culture filtrate of differentPenicilliumspp. were tested on tomato seeds. On the whole, presoaking of seeds in filtrates of the ninePenicilliumisolates tested, significantly increased seed germination when compared with the control seeds. Cultural extracts ofP. expensumandP. billiwere highly effective in growth promotion up to 90%. It was also observed thatP. implicatumandP. oxlalicamsignificantly enhanced the root growth in tomato seedling as compare to other species. In case of shoot length,P. verrucosum(3.38),P. granulatum(2.81) andP. implicatum(2.62) were effective. HoweverP. implicatumwas quite promising to increase shoot and root length in tomato seedlings. Where asP. simplicissimiumandP. citrinumwere leas effective on seedling growth. The plant growth promoting ability ofPenicilliumstrains may help in growth permotion in other plants and crops.Penicilliumspp. are already known for producing mycotoxin and enzymes. Plant growth promoting ability ofPenicilliumspp will open new aspects of research and investigations. The role ofPenicil-liumspp. in tomato plant growth requires further exploration.

Glyphosate Can Reduce Glyphosate-resistant Canola Growth After Individual or Sequential Applications

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 825-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian S. Schilling ◽  
K. Neil Harker ◽  
Jane R. King
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth Parameter ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Greenhouse Experiments ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Shoot Weight

Greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine whether multiple applications of glyphosate and time of glyphosate application with regard to the crop's growth stage had a significant effect on the growth and development of glyphosate-resistant canola. Glyphosate was applied as single applications at the two-, four-, or six-leaf stage of canola; as sequential double applications at the two- and four-, two- and six-, and four- and six-leaf stages of canola; and as a triple application at all three stages. Of the plant growth parameters measured, single applications of glyphosate resulted in significant reductions to stem weight and shoot weight compared with nontreated plants, and multiple applications of glyphosate caused significant reductions to leaf area, leaf weight, stem weight, and shoot weight. Single applications of glyphosate were less injurious to glyphosate-resistant canola compared with multiple applications, and canola growth parameter reductions were greatest after earlier glyphosate applications.

scholarly journals Deep-Sea Actinobacteria Mitigate Salinity Stress in Tomato Seedlings and Their Biosafety Testing

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1687
Author(s):  
Pharada Rangseekaew ◽  
Adoración Barros-Rodríguez ◽  
Wasu Pathom-aree ◽  
Maximino Manzanera
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Acetic Acid Production ◽  
Tomato Seedlings

Soil salinity is an enormous problem affecting global agricultural productivity. Deep-sea actinobacteria are interesting due to their salt tolerance mechanisms. In the present study, we aim to determine the ability of deep-sea Dermacoccus (D. barathri MT2.1T and D. profundi MT2.2T) to promote tomato seedlings under 150 mM NaCl compared with the terrestrial strain D. nishinomiyaensis DSM20448T. All strains exhibit in vitro plant growth-promoting traits of indole-3-acetic acid production, phosphate solubilization, and siderophore production. Tomato seedlings inoculated with D. barathri MT2.1T showed higher growth parameters (shoot and root length, dry weight, and chlorophyll content) than non-inoculated tomato and the terrestrial strain under 150 mM NaCl. In addition, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in leaves of tomatoes inoculated with deep-sea Dermacoccus was lower than the control seedlings. This observation suggested that deep-sea Dermacoccus mitigated salt stress by reducing oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide. D. barathri MT2.1T showed no harmful effects on Caenorhabditis elegans, Daphnia magna, Eisenia foetida, and Escherichia coli MC4100 in biosafety tests. This evidence suggests that D. barathri MT2.1T would be safe for use in the environment. Our results highlight the potential of deep-sea Dermacoccus as a plant growth promoter for tomatoes under salinity stress.

scholarly journals Effect of Bradyrhizobia Inoculant Formulation with Phorate in New Peanut Fields

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S. Tubbs ◽  
R.C. Kemerait ◽  
B. Williams ◽  
J.M. Sarver
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Prior History ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Liquid Formulation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACT Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a legume and requires nodulation by Bradyrhizobia to convert atmospheric N into a plant usable form. Peanut inoculants place large volumes of viable Bradyrhizobia near the emerging root of the plant to infect it ensuring N-fixation. Peanut seedlings are susceptible to feeding by thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), which transmit Tospovirus leading to tomato spotted wilt (TSW) and can result in yield decline. Phorate is a common in-furrow insecticide used to reduce thrips feeding on the plants, and hence reduce the risk of TSW infection. However, placing phorate in the same furrow with living Bradyrhizobia has raised concerns about phorate potentially reducing efficacy of inoculants. Experiments were designed to test liquid and sterile peat formulations of Bradyrhizobia inoculant with two peanut cultivars in-furrow at planting, both with and without phorate insecticide to determine yield, grade, and growth parameters on peanut. Research was conducted on a non-irrigated loamy sand with no prior history of growing peanut in Tifton, GA in 2013 and 2014. There were no negative effects on peanut yield or grade, or other measured parameters when phorate was included in-furrow with inoculants. Yields with inoculants were equal or greater (up to 32% more) than non-inoculated peanut, and grade was improved (+1.2 to 1.4%) when using the liquid formulation instead of the sterile peat formulation or non-inoculated peanut. Other indicators of improved plant performance using inoculants over non-inoculated plants included the abundance and activity of nodules on the roots and time to row closure (vegetation overlap of bare soil). These data indicate there are no detrimental effects to peanut inoculant when also including phorate insecticide in-furrow.

scholarly journals Assessing plant performance in the Enviratron

Plant Methods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Bao ◽  
Scott Zarecor ◽  
Dylan Shah ◽  
Taylor Tuel ◽  
Darwin A. Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Robotic Arm ◽  
Plant Phenotyping ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Assessing the impact of the environment on plant performance requires growing plants under controlled environmental conditions. Plant phenotypes are a product of genotype × environment (G × E), and the Enviratron at Iowa State University is a facility for testing under controlled conditions the effects of the environment on plant growth and development. Crop plants (including maize) can be grown to maturity in the Enviratron, and the performance of plants under different environmental conditions can be monitored 24 h per day, 7 days per week throughout the growth cycle. Results The Enviratron is an array of custom-designed plant growth chambers that simulate different environmental conditions coupled with precise sensor-based phenotypic measurements carried out by a robotic rover. The rover has workflow instructions to periodically visit plants growing in the different chambers where it measures various growth and physiological parameters. The rover consists of an unmanned ground vehicle, an industrial robotic arm and an array of sensors including RGB, visible and near infrared (VNIR) hyperspectral, thermal, and time-of-flight (ToF) cameras, laser profilometer and pulse-amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometer. The sensors are autonomously positioned for detecting leaves in the plant canopy, collecting various physiological measurements based on computer vision algorithms and planning motion via “eye-in-hand” movement control of the robotic arm. In particular, the automated leaf probing function that allows the precise placement of sensor probes on leaf surfaces presents a unique advantage of the Enviratron system over other types of plant phenotyping systems. Conclusions The Enviratron offers a new level of control over plant growth parameters and optimizes positioning and timing of sensor-based phenotypic measurements. Plant phenotypes in the Enviratron are measured in situ—in that the rover takes sensors to the plants rather than moving plants to the sensors.

scholarly journals Cladosporium sp. Isolate as Fungal Plant Growth Promoting Agent

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 392
Author(s):  
Iuliana Răut ◽  
Mariana Călin ◽  
Luiza Capră ◽  
Ana-Maria Gurban ◽  
Mihaela Doni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Positive Results

Cladosporium species are active in protecting plants against different biotic and abiotic stresses. Since these species produced a wide range of secondary metabolites responsible for the adaptation to new habitats, plant health and performance, they are of great interest, especially for biostimulants in agriculture. Cladosporium sp. produces protein hydrolysates (PHs), a class of biostimulants, by cultivation on medium with keratin wastes (feathers) as carbon and energy sources. The aim of this study was to select a Cladosporium isolate with potential to be used as plant growth promoting agent. The characteristics of Cladosporium isolates as plants biostimulants were evaluated through several tests, such as: antagonism versus plants pathogens, effect on plant growth of secreted volatiles produced by isolates, secretion of hydrolytic enzymes, production of 3-indole acetic acid, zinc and phosphorous solubilization, capacity to promote tomato seedlings growth (pot experiments). Cladosporium isolate T2 presented positive results to all tests. Encouraging results were obtained treating tomato seedlings with PHs from isolate Cladosporium T2 cultured on medium supplemented with 1% (w/w) chicken feathers, for which growth parameters, such as stem weight, stem height, and root weight were significantly higher by 65%, 32%, and 55%, respectively, compared to those treated with water.

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