scholarly journals Potential for the Postharvest Biological Control of Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) by Blattisocius tarsalis (Mesostigmata, Blattisociidae)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Jorge Gavara ◽  
Ana Piedra-Buena ◽  
Estrella Hernandez-Suarez ◽  
Manuel Gamez ◽  
Tomas Cabello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Phthorimaea Operculella ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Potato Storage ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
Blattisocius Tarsalis ◽  
Predatory Capacity ◽  
Pest Density

Phthorimaea operculella is one of the most important pests causing damage to stored potatoes. In this work, the effect of temperature (at 10, 20 and 30 °C) on the predation of pest eggs by Blattisocius tarsalis was studied in the laboratory. In addition, the effect of three predatory release rates on two pest densities was studied under microcosm conditions. The results showed that B. tarsalis maintains its predatory capacity at low temperatures (10 °C), obtaining an efficiency of 49.66 ± 5.06% compared to the control. In turn, at 20 °C, a maximum efficacy of 78.17 ± 4.77% was achieved, very similar to that presented at 30 °C (75.57 ± 4.34%). Under microcosm conditions and at low pest density (10 eggs/container), the mortality due to the mite was 96.97 ± 3.03%, 81.82 ± 8.84%, and 84.85 ± 8.30%, respectively, for the three predatory release rates (5, 10 or 20 mites/container). At the high infestation level, the pest control ranged from 61.54 ± 9.21% to 92.31 ± 2.74%, depending on the predatory release rate. The results obtained show that B. tarsalis could be a relevant control agent against P. operculella under non-refrigerated potato storage conditions, as well as in the first stages of their storage under refrigerated conditions.

scholarly journals Selection of Predatory Mites for the Biological Control of Potato Tuber Moth in Stored Potatoes

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan R. Gallego ◽  
Otto Caicedo ◽  
Manuel Gamez ◽  
Joaquin Hernandez ◽  
Tomas Cabello
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Potato Tuber ◽  
Functional Response ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Potato Tuber Moth ◽  
Blattisocius Tarsalis

Worldwide, the potato tuber moth (PTM), Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller), is one of the most severe pests affecting potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), whether in open-air crops or during tuber storage. This work examines the potential control of this pest by two species of predatory mites, Macrocheles robustulus (Berlese) and Blattisocius tarsalis (Berlese), on pest eggs under laboratory conditions. In the two first assays, the acceptance rate of the pest eggs was assessed for each predatory mite. Then, in a third assay, the functional response of B. tarsalis was studied. The results showed that Macrocheles robustulus did not prey on the pest eggs (number of eggs surviving = 4.33 ± 0.38), whereas B. tarsalis did (number of eggs surviving = 0.5 ± 0.5). Likewise, B. tarsalis showed a type II functional response when it killed the eggs. The results showed the potential use of Blattisocius tarsalis as a biological control agent of P. operculella in potato under storage conditions.

Effect of temperature on transition and transversion mutagenesis: characterization of wild type and a mutator T4 DNA polymerase mutant

1984 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda J. Reha-Krantz ◽  
Sükran Parmaksizoglu
Keyword(s):  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Bacteriophage T4 ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
In Vitro Mutagenesis ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Mutational Site

The effect of temperature on genetically well-defined mutational pathways was examined in the bacteriophage T4. The mutational site was a T4 rII ochre mutant which could revert to rII+ via a transversion or to the amber convertant via a transition. Temperature did not strongly affect any of the pathways examined in a wild-type background; however, increased temperature reduced the mutational activity of a mutator DNA polymerase mutant. Possible models to explain the role of temperature in mutagenesis are discussed as well as the significance of low temperatures for in vitro mutagenesis reactions.Key words: bacteriophage T4, mutator, transition, transversion, temperature effects.

Drying Kinetics, Desorption Isotherms and Apparent Diffusivity of Sage Leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 406 ◽  
pp. 173-181
Author(s):  
Bensebia Ouahida
Keyword(s):  
Effective Diffusivity ◽  
Isosteric Heat ◽  
Moisture Diffusivity ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Drying Kinetics ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
Oven Drying ◽  
Kinetics Modelling ◽  
Desorption Isotherms

The use of fresh herb is limited in the food and pharmaceutical industry thats why the dry form of the herb is the one commonly used. To save the quality of medicinal and aromatic plants it is very important to provide optimum drying and storage conditions. The aim of this study is to determine and model the drying kinetics of sage leaves. Initially the desorption isotherms are determined for different temperatures (30, 45 and 60°C). The drying experiments were carried out in a convection oven at the same temperature range. For the desorption isotherms and the drying kinetics various models reported in the literature were used and from the statistical view, the Yanniotis and Blahovec and the Fick models fit well the results of desorption isotherms and the oven drying, respectively. The net isosteric heat of desorption of the sage leaves ranged from 6.86 to 63.45 kJ/mol. The total time of oven drying reduced substantially with an increase of the drying temperature. Effective moisture diffusivity values ranged from 1.1x10-12 to 3.7x10-12 m2/s and significantly affected by temperature. An Arrhenius relation with an activation energy value of 66.87 kJ/mol expressed effect of temperature on the diffusivity. Keywords: Desorption isotherms, Drying kinetics, Modelling, Effective diffusivity, Sage leaves

The function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum is not inhibited by low temperatures in trout atrial myocytes

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (6) ◽  
pp. R1902-R1906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leif Hove-Madsen ◽  
Anna Llach ◽  
Lluis Tort
Keyword(s):  
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Experimental Temperature ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Fast Time ◽  
Atrial Myocytes ◽  
Patch Clamp Technique ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
Perforated Patch Clamp ◽  
The Relationship

The effect of temperature on sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ uptake and release was measured in trout atrial myocytes using the perforated patch-clamp technique. Depolarization of the myocyte for 10 s to different membrane potentials ( V m) induced SR Ca2+ uptake. The relationship between V m and SR Ca2+ uptake was not significantly changed by lowering the experimental temperature from 21 to 7°C, and the relationship between total cytosolic Ca2+and SR Ca2+ uptake was similar at the two temperatures with a pooled Vmax = 66 amol/pF and K 0.5 = 4 amol/pF. Quantification of the Ca2+ release from the SR elicited by 10-ms depolarizations to different V m showed an increasing SR Ca2+ release at more positive V mbetween −50 and +10 mV, whereas SR Ca2+ release stagnated between +10 and +50 mV. Lowering of the temperature did not affect this relationship significantly, giving an SR Ca2+ release of 1.71 and 1.54 amol/pF at 21 and 7°C, respectively. Furthermore, clearance of the SR Ca2+ content slowed down inactivation of the L-type Ca2+ current at both temperatures (the fast time constant increased significantly from 10.4 ± 1.9 to 15.0 ± 2.0 ms at 21°C and from 38 ± 15 to 73 ± 24 ms at 7°C). Thus the SR has the capacity to remove the entire Ca2+ transient at physiologically relevant stimulation frequencies at both 21 and 7°C, although it is estimated that ∼40% of the total Ca2+ transient is liberated from and reuptaken by the SR with continuous stimulation at 0.5 Hz independently of the experimental temperature.

Effects of Storage Conditions on the Shelf Life of Liquid-Smoked Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Fillets

2011 ◽  
Vol 393-395 ◽  
pp. 717-723
Author(s):  
Sheng Jun Chen ◽  
Lai Hao Li ◽  
Chang Hu Xue ◽  
Xian Qing Yang ◽  
Yan Yan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Sharp Increase ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Microbial Flora ◽  
Total Volatile ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Tilapia Fillets

In this study, the pH, total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) amounts, total viable counts (TVC) of microbial flora, and the sensory quality of liquid-smoked tilapia fillets were analyzed under different storage conditions. Lengthy storage caused, the smoked flavor to disappear and juice seeped from the samples. Over time, it was found that the pH of the products decreased and then subsequently increased, whilst the amount of TVB-N showed an overall increasing trend. Under all storage conditions tested, the TVC of microbial flora slowly increased, followed by a sharp increase, and then stabilized. These results showed that vacuum-packed products stored at low temperatures were highly stable; hence this storage method can effectively guarantee the quality of liquid-smoked tilapia fillets and the extension of the shelf life.

Atomistic simulation for configuration evolution and energetic calculation of crack in body-centered-cubic iron

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 2542-2549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Xia Cao ◽  
Chong-Yu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Crack Tip ◽  
Dislocation Nucleation ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Body Centered Cubic ◽  
Partial Dislocations ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Crack Blunting ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Extended Dislocation

The molecular dynamics method has been used to simulate mode I cracking in body-centered-cubic iron. Close attention has been paid to the process of the atomic configuration evolution of the cracks. The simulation shows that at low temperatures, partial dislocations are emitted before the initiation of crack propagation, subsequently forming the stacking faults or multilayer twins on {112} planes, and then brittle cleavage and extended dislocation nucleation are observed at the crack tip accompanied by twin extension. These results are in agreement with the experimental observation that twinning and fracture processes cooperate at low temperatures. Furthermore, an energetics analysis has been made on the deformation behavior observed at the crack tip. The effect of temperature on the fracture process is discussed. At the higher temperature, plastic deformation becomes easier, and crack blunting occurs. With increasing temperature, the fracture resistance increases, and the effect of the lattice trapping can be weakened by thermal activation.

The effect of temperature on the consumption of fat during pupal development inGlossina.

1960 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 583-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bursell
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Pupal Development ◽  
Pupal Period ◽  
Fat Consumption ◽  
Different Temperatures

The size-specific fat content of tsetse flies recently emerged from their puparia was determined and by comparison with the size-specific fat content of newly deposited larvae an estimate was obtained of the consumption of fat during pupal development. Experiments withGlossina morsitansWestw. were carried out at a number of different temperatures and it was found that the amount of fat consumed was least at temperatures between 22 and 24°C.Knowing the duration of the pupal period at different temperatures, the rate of fat consumption could be calculated and the logarithm of this rate was found to be linearly related to temperature. The occurrence of an optimum temperature in respect of fat consumption thus reflects the fact that at high temperatures the rate of fat consumption is greatly increased without a corresponding reduction in the duration of the pupal period, whereas at low temperatures the pupal period is very greatly lengthened without a corresponding decrease in the rate of fat consumption.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document