scholarly journals Laboratory and Field Trials to Identify Sustainable Chemical Control Strategies for Trioza erytreae in European Citrus Orchards

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1982
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Dionisio ◽  
Estrella Hernández-Suárez ◽  
Felipe Siverio ◽  
Juan M. Arjona-López ◽  
Aurea Hervalejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Pine Oil ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Trioza Erytreae ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Citrus Orchards

Trioza erytreae (Del Guercio) is one of the psyllid insect vectors of the causal agents of huanglongbing. This paper proposes an assessment of the effectiveness of several pesticides with and without a pine oil-based organic adjuvant, in order to contain the spread and population of this pest and reduce the side effects on the Tamarixia dryi parasitoid. Five insecticides and their combinations with pine oil were sprayed against T. erytreae on citrus trees under semi-field and field conditions. The effect of the same treatments was assessed on T. dryi under laboratory conditions. All insecticides, except for acetamiprid, increased their effectiveness when combined with pine oil under both conditions. Cyantraniliprole, dimethoate, and their respective combinations with the organic adjuvant showed the highest efficacies against T. erytreae. Under laboratory conditions, dimethoate reported the most negative effect on T. dryi activity whereas cyantraniliprole and its combination with pine oil yielded a low toxicity effect on this parasitoid. Our results recommend the development of an integrated control approach for citrus growers based on an insecticide rotation program, preventing the emergence of pest resistance to one substance. In this sense, other insecticides, such as lambda-cyhalothrin with pine oil adjuvant or acetamiprid, could be considered.

scholarly journals Integrated control strategy of apple scab according to warning equipment

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 700-703
Author(s):  
L. Raudonis
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Apple Scab ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Essential Difference ◽  
Integrated Disease Management ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Scab Control ◽  
Spray Applications

In 1999–2001 in field trials two different apple scab control strategies were compared: (i) the current strategy – conventional disease management (CDM) and (ii) integrated disease management (IDM), according to scab infection periods. A new scab warning equipment METOS<sup>R</sup>-D was used for detection of infection periods and forecast of disease intensity at three levels: light, moderate and severe. According to CDM apple-trees were sprayed 9 times a season. Scab warning equipment gave a possibility to optimize the use of fungicides against scab and to reduce the total spray applications per season in average till 6.3 in very susceptible cultivars and 5 in moderately susceptible ones. This is 30 and 44% less spray applications comparing with CDM. Annual spray program ranged from 5 till 8 spray applications of very susceptible cultivars. CDM and IDM gave high scab control in apple-trees and there was not found any essential difference in scab incidence between two control strategies.

scholarly journals The use of light spectrum blocking films to reduce populations of Drosophila suzukii Matsumura in fruit crops

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle T. Fountain ◽  
Amir Badiee ◽  
Sebastian Hemer ◽  
Alvaro Delgado ◽  
Michael Mangan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Insect Vision ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Light Spectrum ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, is a serious invasive pest impacting the production of multiple fruit crops, including soft and stone fruits such as strawberries, raspberries and cherries. Effective control is challenging and reliant on integrated pest management which includes the use of an ever decreasing number of approved insecticides. New means to reduce the impact of this pest that can be integrated into control strategies are urgently required. In many production regions, including the UK, soft fruit are typically grown inside tunnels clad with polyethylene based materials. These can be modified to filter specific wavebands of light. We investigated whether targeted spectral modifications to cladding materials that disrupt insect vision could reduce the incidence of D. suzukii. We present a novel approach that starts from a neuroscientific investigation of insect sensory systems and ends with infield testing of new cladding materials inspired by the biological data. We show D. suzukii are predominantly sensitive to wavelengths below 405 nm (ultraviolet) and above 565 nm (orange & red) and that targeted blocking of lower wavebands (up to 430 nm) using light restricting materials reduces pest populations up to 73% in field trials.

EFFECTS OF FLORIDA CITRUS PEST CONTROL PRACTICES ON THE CITRUS BLACKFLY (HOMOPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE) AND ITS ASSOCIATED NATURAL ENEMIES

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (6) ◽  
pp. 731-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Fitzpatrick ◽  
Ronald H. Cherry ◽  
Robert V. Dowell
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Chronic Effects ◽  
Aleurocanthus Woglumi ◽  
Integrated Control Strategies ◽  
Florida Citrus ◽  
Amitus Hesperidum ◽  
Predator Complex

AbstractThe postbloom and summer sprays recommended in Florida commercial citrus cultures for management of insect and mite pests and phytopathogenic diseases caused a significant (P < 0.05) reduction of citrus blackfly, Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby, infesting urban dooryard citrus. There were no observed adverse chronic effects on populations of the parasite Amitus hesperidum Silvestri, or the predator complex consisting of spiders, chrysopids, and coccinellids attributable to the chemical treatments. The absence of chronic pesticide-induced interference with biological control agents was interpreted as an indication of the potential for development of integrated control strategies against A. woglumi should this insect invade commercial citrus areas in Florida.

Comparative toxicity of foliar and systemic applications of acetamiprid and imidacloprid against the cotton whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Horowitz ◽  
Z. Mendelson ◽  
P.G. Weintraub ◽  
I. Ishaaya
Keyword(s):  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Cotton Field ◽  
Ovicidal Activity ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Comparative Toxicity ◽  
Cotton Whitefly

AbstractComparative bioassays of two chloronicotinyl insecticides, acetamiprid and imidacloprid, against the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), using foliar and systemic applications, were conducted under laboratory conditions and in field trials. Under controlled conditions, the ovicidal activity of foliar applications of acetamiprid on cotton seedlings was much higher than that of imidacloprid. According to LC50 and LC90 values, acetamiprid was 10- and 18-fold more potent than imidacloprid. Both compounds were effective when applied to soil against whitefly adults; however, the potency of imidacloprid was somewhat higher than that of acetamiprid 2, 7 and 14 days after application; resulting (with the concentration of 25 ml a.i./l) in adult mortality of 90, 93, and 96% and 76, 84, and 76% respectively. In an experimental cotton field, the efficacy of foliar applications of 60 g a.i./ha acetamiprid and 210 g a.i./ha imidacloprid was compared. Field residual activity of acetamiprid to whitefly adults lasted for approximately ten days, compared with three days for imidacloprid.

scholarly journals A Predictive Control Strategy for Energy Management in Micro-Grid Systems

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 1666
Author(s):  
Abdellatif Elmouatamid ◽  
Radouane Ouladsine ◽  
Mohamed Bakhouya ◽  
Najib El kamoun ◽  
Khalid Zine-Dine
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Variable Nature

The integration of renewable energy sources (RES) was amplified, during the past decades, in order to tackle the challenges related to energy demands and CO2 increases. Recently, many initiatives have been taken by promoting the deployment and the usage of micro-grids (MG) in buildings, as decentralized systems, for energy production. However, the variable nature of RESs and the limited size of energy storage systems require the deployment of adaptive control strategies for efficient energy balance. In this paper, a generalized predictive control (GPC) strategy is introduced for energy management (EM) in MG systems. Its main objective is to efficiently connect the electricity generators and consumers in order to predict the most suitable actions for energy flow management. In fact, based on energy production and consumption profiles as well as the availability of energy storage systems, the proposed EM will be able to select the best suitable energy source for supplying the building’s loads. It will efficiently manage the usage of energy storage and the utility grid while maximizing RESs power generation. Simulations have been conducted, using real-sitting scenarios, and results are presented to validate the proposed predictive control approach by showing its effectiveness for MG systems control.

SIMULATION OF INTEGRATED CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR OROBANCHE SPP. BASED ON A LIFE CYCLE MODEL

2001 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. KEBREAB ◽  
A. J. MURDOCH
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Cultural Control ◽  
Computer Simulation Model ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
High Level

A computer simulation model was developed to investigate strategies for control of the parasitic weed species of Orobanche. The model makes use of data from published literature and predicts infestation levels in a dynamic and deterministic way. It is predicted that sustainable control of the parasite can only be achieved by reducing the soil seed bank to levels of 1000–2000 seeds m−2 and maintaining it at that level in subsequent years. When cultural control methods such as hand weeding, trap/catch cropping, delayed planting, resistant cultivars and solarization were considered individually, a relatively high level of effectiveness was required to contain the soil seed bank. An integrated approach with a selection of appropriate cultural methods is therefore recommended for further testing and validation in the field. The simulations demonstrate the importance of preventing new seeds entering the soil seed bank and that although reducing the soil seed bank may not increase yield for the first few years, it will ultimately increase production.

The application of compound proportional resonant control strategy in multiple PV inverters system

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (34n36) ◽  
pp. 1840098
Author(s):  
Yuan Li ◽  
Huifang Shen ◽  
Chao Xiong ◽  
Yaofei Han ◽  
Guofeng He
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Reference Signal ◽  
Loop Model ◽  
Harmonic Compensation ◽  
Feed Forward ◽  
Feed Forward Control ◽  
Set Up

In order to eliminate the effect on the grid current caused by the background harmonic voltage and the reference signal on the grid connected multi-inverter, this paper adopts the double closed-loop feed-forward control strategy. This strategy is based on the inductor voltage and the grid-connected current, and the integrated control strategy of quasi-proportional resonance loop parallel to a specific harmonic compensation loop. Based on the closed-loop model of multiple inverters, the change curves of the transfer function of the two control strategies are compared with the feed-forward control and the composite proportional resonance. The two corresponding control methods are used to analyze the current quality of the multi-inverter impact. Finally, the MATLAB/Simulink simulation model is set up to verify the proposed control strategies. The simulation results show that the proposed method can achieve better tracking of the sinusoidal command signal at the fundamental frequency, and enhance the anti-interference ability of the system at the 3rd, 5th, and 7th harmonic frequency.

scholarly journals Development of the first georeferenced map of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) spp. in Mexico from 1970 to date and prediction of its spatial distribution

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazmin Alcala-Canto ◽  
Juan Antonio Figueroa-Castillo ◽  
Froylán Ibarra-Velarde ◽  
Yolanda Vera-Montenegro ◽  
María Eugenia Cervantes-Valencia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Precipitation Seasonality ◽  
Epidemiological Risk

The tick genus Ripicephalus (Boophilus), particularly R. microplus, is one of the most important ectoparasites that affects livestock health and considered an epidemiological risk because it causes significant economic losses due, mainly, to restrictions in the export of infested animals to several countries. Its spatial distribution has been tied to environmental factors, mainly warm temperatures and high relative humidity. In this work, we integrated a dataset consisting of 5843 records of Rhipicephalus spp., in Mexico covering close to 50 years to know which environmental variables mostly influence this ticks’ distribution. Occurrences were georeferenced using the software DIVA-GIS and the potential current distribution was modelled using the maximum entropy method (Maxent). The algorithm generated a map of high predictive capability (Area under the curve = 0.942), providing the various contribution and permutation importance of the tested variables. Precipitation seasonality, particularly in March, and isothermality were found to be the most significant climate variables in determining the probability of spatial distribution of Rhipicephalus spp. in Mexico (15.7%, 36.0% and 11.1%, respectively). Our findings demonstrate that Rhipicephalus has colonized Mexico widely, including areas characterized by different types of climate. We conclude that the Maxent distribution model using Rhipicephalus records and a set of environmental variables can predict the extent of the tick range in this country, information that should support the development of integrated control strategies.

scholarly journals Integrated Control of Rhizoctonia Crown and Root Rot of Sugar Beet with Fungicides and Antagonistic Bacteria

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (7) ◽  
pp. 718-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Kiewnick ◽  
Barry J. Jacobsen ◽  
Andrea Braun-Kiewnick ◽  
Joyce L. A. Eckhoff ◽  
Jerry W. Bergman
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
The United States ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Crown And Root Rot

Rhizoctonia crown and root rot, caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-2, is one of the most damaging sugar beet diseases worldwide and causes significant economic losses in more than 25% of the sugar beet production area in the United States. We report on field trials in the years 1996 to 1999 testing both experimental fungicides and antagonistic Bacillus sp. for their potential to reduce disease severity and increase sugar yield in trials inoculated with R. solani AG 2-2. Fungicides were applied as in-furrow sprays at planting or as band sprays directed at the crown at the four-leaf stage, or four- plus eight-leaf stage, while bacteria were applied at the four-leaf stage only. The fungicides azoxystrobin and tebuconazole reduced crown and root rot disease by 50 to 90% over 3 years when used at rates of 76 to 304 g a.i./ha and 250 g a.i./ha, respectively. The disease index at harvest was reduced and the root and sugar yield increased with azoxystrobin compared with tebuconazole. The combination of azoxystrobin applied at 76 g a.i./ha and the Bacillus isolate MSU-127 resulted in best disease reduction and greatest root and sucrose yield increase.

scholarly journals Strategies for control of the redlegged earth mite in Australia

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 1506 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Ridsdill-Smith ◽  
A. A. Hoffmann ◽  
G. P. Mangano ◽  
J. M. Gower ◽  
C. C. Pavri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Synthetic Pyrethroids ◽  
Halotydeus Destructor ◽  
Mite Control ◽  
Redlegged Earth Mite ◽  
Single Well ◽  
Plant Seedlings ◽  
Control Package

The redlegged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor, continues to be an intractable pest causing damage to most crop and pasture species in southern Australia. H. destructor feed on all stages of plants, but particularly damage seedlings in autumn. Research has aimed to develop new controls based on a better understanding of the biology and ecology of this pest. Chemicals remain the key tool to control H. destructor, despite the recent appearance of resistance to synthetic pyrethroids. A control package, Timerite, has been developed by which a single well-timed spray in spring can prevent H. destructor from developing diapause eggs. Field trials show this strategy provides effective control of H. destructor the following autumn, and protects plant seedlings, although mite populations build up again during winter. Non-chemical control strategies include grazing, the use of tolerant plants such as cereals, resistant legume cultivars and avoiding rotations where favourable host plants are available in the year before growing susceptible crops such as canola. Natural enemies can assist in mite control, and their numbers can be enhanced by methods including increasing landscape features like shelterbelts. Interspecific competition can occur between H. destructor and other pest mites, but the extent to which these interactions influence the structure of pest communities under different management regimes remains to be investigated.

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