Potassium-Induced Drought Tolerance of Potato by Improving Morpho-Physiological and Biochemical Attributes

Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is the third and fourth most important tuberous crop in terms of human consumption and production, respectively. However, its growth and development are affected by drought, which is an emerging threat to agriculture especially in arid and semiarid areas. Potassium (K) is a well-known macronutrient that improves the performance of crops under drought. Therefore, the present study was enacted with the aim of evaluating the impact of K fertilizer on potato crop growth, productivity, and drought tolerance under full root irrigation (FRI) and partial root irrigation (PRI) conditions. Two potato cultivars (Lady Rosetta and Hermes) were grown under normal field conditions followed by FRI and PRI applications. Potassium sulfate was applied in three doses (T0 = 50 kg·ha−1, T1 = 75 kg·ha−1, and T2 = 100 kg·ha−1). The experiment was laid out under randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement. The main plot was allocated to irrigation, along with a subplot to potassium and a sub-subplot to potato cultivars. The results indicated that K application significantly improved the plant growth and yield by exhibiting better performance in morpho-physiological and biochemical attributes under FRI and PRI conditions; however, a more remarkable change was noticed under PRI compared with FRI. K application alleviated drought stress regardless of cultivars. This study suggests that K application at the rate of 100 kg·ha−1 is an effective approach for inducing drought tolerance in potato crops.

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INFLUENCE OF GREENHOUSE SHADING AND DIFFERENT NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ALLEVIATING HEAT STRESS, IMPROVING PLANT NUTRIENTS STATUS, FLOWERING GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO

IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ◽

10.36103/ijas.v51i4.1079 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (4) ◽

pp. 1001-1014

Author(s):

Sulaiman & Sadiq

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Management Practices ◽

Nutrient Management ◽

Block Design ◽

Nutrient Status ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Reproductive Growth ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Nutrition Programs ◽

The Impact

The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse during 2017 and 2018 growing seasons to evaluate the impact of the shading and various nutrition programs on mitigating heat stress, reducing the use of chemical minerals, improving the reproductive growth and yield of tomato plant. Split-plot within Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications was conducted in this study. Shading factor was allocated in the main plots and the nutrition programs distributed randomly in the subplots. Results indicate that shading resulted in the decrease of daytime temperature by 5.7˚C as an average for both seasons; thus a significant increasing was found in leaf contents of macro nutrients (Nitrogen, Phosphorous, and Potassium), and micro nutrients (Iron, Zinc and Boron), except the Iron content in 2018 growing season. Furthermore, shading improved significantly the reproductive growth and tomato yield. Among the plant nutrition programs, the integrated nutrient management (INM) including the application of organic substances, bio inoculum of AMF and 50% of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizers; lead to the enhancement of nutrients content, reproductive characteristics and plant yield. Generally, combination of both shading and INM showed positive effects on plants nutrient status and persisting balance on tomato flowering growth and fruits yield.

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Pengaruh Magnesium, Boron, dan Pupuk Hayati terhadap Produktivitas Cabai serta Serangan Hama dan Penyakit (Effect of Magnesium, Boron, and Biofertilizers on Chili Pepper Productivity and Impact of Pests and Diseases)

Jurnal Hortikultura ◽

10.21082/jhort.v30n1.2020.p65-74 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 65

Author(s):

Wiwin Setiawati ◽

Ahsol Hasyim ◽

Bagus Kukuh Udiarto ◽

Abdi Hudayya

Keyword(s):

Yield Components ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Block Design ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Chili Pepper ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Positive Interaction ◽

Pests And Diseases ◽

The Impact

Penggunaan pupuk hayati dan unsur hara makro sekunder seperti magnesium (Mg) dan hara mikro boron (B) diketahui dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan, kualitas hasil tanaman, meningkatkan unsur hara dalam tanah serta mampu meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman terhadap serangan hama dan penyakit. Selain itu penggunaan pupuk tersebut dapat mengurangi kebutuhan terhadap pupuk kimia sintetis. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi Mg, B, dan kombinasinya dengan pupuk hayati terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil panen serta penekanan serangan hama dan penyakit. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang, Jawa Barat (1.250 m dpl.) dari bulan Juni 2018 sampai bulan Februari 2019. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok terdiri atas delapan perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah aplikasi Mg, B, dan kombinasi dengan pupuk hayati serta teknologi konvensional sebagai pembanding. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi tanaman dan luas kanopi), komponen hasil dan hasil serta serangan hama dan penyakit penting yang menyerang tanaman cabai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi Mg, B, dan pupuk hayati yang diaplikasikan sebanyak dua kali pada umur 30 HST dan 45 HST mampu meningkatkan produktivitas cabai sebesar 21,68 ton/ha atau meningkat sebesar 54,53% dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Peningkatan produktivitas cabai terjadi karena adanya perbaikan dalam komponen hasil seperti jumlah bunga, jumlah buah, panjang, dan bobot buah serta adanya penekanan terhadap serangan hama dan penyakit seperti trips, antraknosa, lalat buah, dan penggerek buah sebesar 18,10% sampai 23,93%.KeywordsCapsicum annuum; Unsur hara makro; Pupuk hayati; Produktivitas; Organisme pengganggu tumbuhanAbstractThe use of biofertilizer and macro and micro nutrients enhanced the growth and development, yield quality of vegetable crops as well as nutrient status of soil to a greater extent and to increased on pests and diseases resistance. Organic sources of nutrients including biofertilizers also economize the use of chemical fertilizers. The objectives of this study were to determine the best combination of Mg, B, and biofertilizer that increase the growth and yield of chili pepper and the impact to pest and diseases on chili pepper. The field experiment was conducted at the experimental field of the Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute, Lembang, West Java from June 2018 to February 2019. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Block Design with eight treatments and four replicated. The treatments were Mg, B, and their combinations with biofertilizer compared to the conventional technologies as a control. The observations were carried out on the growth parameters (plant height and leaf canopy), yield components, pest and diseases of chili pepper. The results showed that the combinations of Mg, B, and biofertilizer increased the yield of chili up to 21.68 ton/ha or positive interaction beside beneficial agent with Mg, B, and biofertilizer package on 54.53%. Increased productivity of chili occurs because of improvements in yield components such as the number of flowers, number of fruits, fruit length and fruit weight and reduction of pest and disease attacks such as thrips, anthracnose, fruit flies and, fruit borers by 18.10% to 23.93%.

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The Impact of Road Light on Growth and Result of Soybean Plant

AgroTech Journal ◽

10.31327/atj.v5i2.1399 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 107-114

Author(s):

Jajuk Herawati ◽

I. Indarwati ◽

Tatuk Tojibatus S. ◽

Mochamad Thohiron ◽

Heru Prasetyo

Keyword(s):

Environmental Changes ◽

Block Design ◽

Price Volatility ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

High Price ◽

Soybean Plant ◽

Street Lighting ◽

Soybean Plants ◽

The Impact

Until now, soybean is still one of the priority food commodities in Indonesia. in the agricultural revitalization program launched by the government in 2005, due to the high price volatility that did not rule out the possibility of shaking the Indonesian economy. Soybean plants can provide positive and negative responses to environmental changes growing above and in the soil. This response can be known from phenotypic and physiological changes in plants. The environment on land which influences the growth of soybean plants mainly is the duration and intensity of irradiation, air temperature, CO2 content in the atmosphere. The study aims to determine the impact of street lighting on the growth and yield of soybean plants. The study used a Randomized Block Design Method with 3 treatments, and each treatment was repeated 9 times, so that it takes 27 treatment plots. J0= Distance of street lighting to soybean land (meters), J1: 50 meters, J2: 60 meters, and J3: 70 meters. Observations were made one week after planting at 7-day intervals for growth parameters (plant height and number of leaves), while for the production parameters (Number of Content Pods/Plants, Dry Weight (DW) 100 Seeds, DW Seeds/Plots, and DW Seeds/Ha) are carried out after harvest. From the results of the study it can be concluded that there are real differences in the parameters of growth and production (number of filled pods, DW 100 seeds, DW seeds/plot, and DW seeds/ha), where the J3 treatment is capable of producing 2.89 tons/ha (an increase in dry weight of seeds/ha by 28.4%), compared to J1 2.24 tonnes/ha , although not significantly different from Treatment J2

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Effects of Water Stress and Potassium on Quantity Traits of Two Varieties of Mung Bean (Vigna Radiata L.)

Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova ◽

10.2478/cerce-2014-0011 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 107-114

Author(s):

Z. Fooladivanda ◽

M. Hassanzadehdelouei ◽

N. Zarifinia

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Vigna Radiata ◽

Mung Bean ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Plant Responses ◽

Potassium Fertilizer ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACT Water stress is known as the major threat to reduced growth and yield of plants in arid and semi-arid regions. Potassium is one of the indicators of plant responses to water stress. To evaluate the impact of water stress and levels of potassium on yield and yield components of two varieties of mung bean (Vigna radiata) (promising lines VC6172 and Indian), an experiment in the form of split factorial, based on randomized complete block design with three replicates was conducted in 2011, at the research farm of Safi-Abad Dezfool, Iran (latitude 32°16’ N, longitude 48°26’ E and altitude 82.9 m above sea level) .Water stress in three levels: irrigation at 120 (no stress), 180 (moderate stress) and 240 (severe stress) mm evaporation from pan, were allocated to the main plots and potassium fertilizer at three levels (0, 90, 180 kg /ha) and two varieties of mung bean (promising line VC6172 and Indian) were allotted to the sub-plots. Results showed that water stress and potassium fertilizer significantly affect all traits. The highest grain yield (2093 kg /ha) was obtained from no stress treatment in the case of 180 kg /ha potassium. Total dry matter, number of pods and grain yield, were significantly different between the two varieties. The interaction between fertilizer and variety, on dry matter and grain yield and the interaction between irrigation and variety, on dry matter were significant. We conclude that use of potassium fertilizer can reduce the adverse effects of water stress.

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Leaf area index of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) crop under three nitrogen fertilization treatments

Agronomía Colombiana ◽

10.15446/agron.colomb.v35n2.62110 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 171-175 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pedro Manuel Villa ◽

Lina Sarmiento ◽

Fermín José Rada ◽

Daniel Machado ◽

Alice Cristina Rodrigues

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area Index ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Solanum Tuberosum L ◽

Potato Crop ◽

Block Design ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Phenological Stages ◽

Area Index

Nitrogen fertilization has considerable effects on growth and yield of potato crop. Leaf expansion is one of the most important growth parameters that can be used to optimize nitrogen fertilization management in agroecological practices. We evaluated the effect of nitrogen fertilization on the leaf area index (LAI) of potato crop during different phenological stages by two different methods. Experimental plots were established in a randomized block design with the following treatments: no nitrogen supply (0-N), 133 kg N ha-1 (133-N), and 400 kg N ha-1 (400-N), using the Granola variety, at the Andes region, Merida city, Venezuela. We measured leaf area at the main phenological stages of the crop using a plant canopy analyzer. LAI showed significant differences among treatments and phenological stages, except during the emergence stage. The maximum LAI values were obtained 55 days after emergence: 400-N (1.42±0.16) > 133-N (0.92±0.21) > 0-N (0.34±0.08). Nitrogen fertilization had a significant effect on the development of LAI in potato crop along its different phenological stages.

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The Comparison Production Growth of Potato Plants (Solanum Tuberesum, L) between Various Dosages of Biochar and Coffee Skin Compost

Journal of Scientific Research and Reports ◽

10.9734/jsrr/2020/v26i1030327 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 122-129

Author(s):

. Khadijah ◽

. Eliyin ◽

. Mulyono ◽

. Basyirah ◽

. Amiruddin

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Crop Production ◽

Potato Crop ◽

Block Design ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Potato Plants ◽

Average Plant ◽

Rice Husk Biochar ◽

Potato Crops ◽

Higher Doses

Potatoes (Solanum tuberesum, L) are one of the main foods for the needs of the world community. Therefore, increasing potato crop production is considered important. For this purpose, the utilization of a mixture of rice husk biochar with compost can provide the best results up to three times the planting season. Coffee skin can also be found in form of compost for the utilization process. However, due to the lack of farmer’s knowledge about the benefits that can be provided by skin compost to maintain the level of soil fertility. This study aims to analys the effect of biochar and coffee skin compost on the growth and yield of potato crops. Plant height, number of shoots, number of tubers per clump, and per plot tuber weight was a parameter of observation. This experiment used a factorial randomized planting block design using several doses of biochar and coffee skin compost. The treatment of biochar dosage did not significantly affect all parameters observed. The treatment of the effect of doses of coffee skin compost had a very significant effect on plant height at all ages of observation. The average plant height increases with the higher doses of red coffee skin compost given has a very significant effect on the number of tubers per clump and the weight of per plot tubers. There was no real interaction between the biochar dose and the red coffee skin compost dosage against all observed parameters.

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PENGARUH MEDIA TANAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN JAMUR TIRAM PUTIH (Pleurotus florida)

AGRICA ◽

10.37478/agr.v7i2.410 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 122-131

Author(s):

Murdaningsih Murdaningsih ◽

Modesta Lue

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Optimal Growth ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Wood Powder ◽

Pleurotus Florida ◽

Random Block ◽

Random Block Design ◽

The Impact ◽

Fruit Diameter

This study aims at revealing the impact of plant media on the growth and yield of white oyster mushroom (Pleurotusflorida) and finding out what plant media that can give the optimal growth and yield. The design uses in this study was random block design with the treatment of Mbayam (Bayam wood powder), Mmeranti (Meranti wood powder), Mkemiri (Hazelnut wood powder), Mjerami (straw). The observation variables used in this study were the prime emergence of the fruit, the number of fruit clumps, number of fruits per clump, harvesting age, the diameter of fruit, the length of fruit stalk, harvesting interval, the weight of the fruit, and REB value. The result of the study indicated that straw planting media was not able to grow mushroom and was contaminated. Planting media of bayam wood powder with Meranti wood powder, Bayam wood powder with hazelnut wood powder, and Bayam wood powder with straw makes a difference respectively, as follows: the primary emergence of fruit was 54:58 HST, 54:57 HST, and 54:0 HST, the number of fruit clumps were18,1%, 28,8%, and 100%, the number of fruit per clump were 4,0%, 13,9%, and 100%, and harvesting age were 4,1:4,9, 4,1:4,1, and 4,1:0. Planting media of Bayam wood powder provided the high average in the primary emergence of the fruit of 54 HST, 118.7 of fruit clumps, 15.1 of fruit/clump,6cm of fruit diameter, 2.9cm length of fruit stalk, 6.6 days of harvesting interval, 68.9gram of fruit weight and 0.68 of REB value.

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Growth and Yield of Various Soy Varieties (Glycine max L. Merr.) on Drought Stress

Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Tropis dan Biosistem ◽

10.21776/ub.jkptb.2020.008.03.04 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 228-235

Author(s):

Rusmana Rusmana ◽

◽

Eltis Panca Ningsih ◽

Amelia Justika ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Design Method ◽

Block Design ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Growth Responses ◽

Food Ingredient ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Weather Changes ◽

The Impact

Soybeans become a source of plant protein and an essensial food ingredient in Indonesia. Extreme climate change causes weather changes; the impact is a long dry season which results in drought. Efforts to deal with drought stress are carried out using drought-tolerant soybean varieties that drop of production can be suppressed. The purpose of the study is to study growth responses for several different soybean varieties with drought-stricken conditions. The research was conducted from October 2019 to January 2020 at the Green House Agroecotechnology Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Banten. Factorial randomized block design method was then used which consists of two factors and three repetition. The first factor were that the Varieties consists of V1: Argo mulyo variety; V2: Deja 2 and V3 varieties: Dena varieties. The second factor was drought percentage comprising k1: 100% ATT (Groundwater Available); k2: 80% ATT, k3: 60% ATT and k4: 40% ATT. The results showed that differences in varieties and drought stress did not significantly affect the growth and yield of soybean crops. Argo Mulyo varieties are superior to drought stress compared to Deja 2 and Dena varieties from the weight of 100 seeds. No interaction of different soybeans varieties treatment and drought stress on all observation parameters.

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PENGARUH JARAK TANAM JAGUNG TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL JAGUNG SERTA KACANG TANAH YANG DITANAM SEBAGAI TANAMAN SELA

AGRICA ◽

10.37478/agr.v6i1.425 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 43-52

Author(s):

Murdaningsih Murdaningsih ◽

Ambrosius Lai

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Corn Plants ◽

Planting Distance ◽

The Impact ◽

Corn Grains

This research aims to find the effect of planting distance on the growth and yield of corn plants which were planted with peanut as intercropping plant, and the impact on the yield of peanuts planted as an intercropping plant as well as to know planting distance for corn and peanut. The experimental design used was randomized Block Design with six treatments namely J1; 55 cm x 40 cm, J2; 60 cm x 40 cm, J3; 65 cm x 40 cm, J4; 70 cm x 40 cm, J5; 75 cm x 40 cm, and J6; 80 cm x 40 cm, while peanuts are planted in the central part of the line, and the corns rows are repeated four times so that there are 24 compartments of research. Results of the study indicated that there is a significant effect on the growth and yield of corn at a distance of 75 cm x 40 cm as well as peanuts planted as an intercropping plant with high corn sidelines range from 32,08 – 132,55 cm, a number of leaves revolve around 4.17 – 9.25 strands, leaf area range from 25,84 – 52.80 cm, corncob diameter of 10.09 cm, corncob weight tan-1 171,33 gram ha-1 5,68 ton, dry weight grain of corn tan-1 80,13 grand ha-1 3,80 ton, as well as the weight of 100 grain of corn is 32,17 gram, whereas number of pods of peanut is 26,63 prolong, pods weight tan-1 88,13 grand ha-1 3,17 ton, dry weight of corn tan-1 31,25 grand ha-1 1,31 ton, and weight of 100 corn grains are 19,22 gram.

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Assessing Impact of Naphthalene Acetic Acid on the Growth and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench)

Pakistan Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research Series A: Physical Sciences ◽

10.52763/pjsir.phys.sci.64.1.2021.35.45 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 35-45

Author(s):

Muhammad Nisar ◽

Habib Ur Rahman ◽

Muhammad Sohail Khan ◽

Ilham Khan ◽

Saba Fatima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Block Design ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽

Maximum Increase ◽

Yield Production ◽

Beneficial Impact ◽

The Impact

This study assessed the impact of naphthalene acetic Acid (NAA) on the growth and yield of Okra cv. Sabz Pari at Agricultural Research Institute, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A field experiment was set out in randomised complete block design with NAA application as a main factor. Different NAA concentrations were obtained by dissolving NAA in distilled water at the rate of 0 (control), 10, 30, 50, 70, 90 and 110 mg/L. NAA treatments along with control were foliar applied to okra plants after 30 days of sowing. Lower concentration of NAA (30-50 mg/L) stimulated maximum increase in plant height (59.5-57.2%), number of leaves/plant (50.4-45.5%,), total plant leaf area (113.9-119.4%), internodes/plant (72.5-61.6%), internode length (53.2-44.5%), pod diameter (53.5-49.9%), pod fresh weight (126.8-111.8%), pod yield (271.2-255.8%) compared to control (0 mg NAA/L). NAA at higher concentrations (>50 mg/L) had a supressing effect on most parameters. It was inferred that yield production in okra is influenced by multiple yield-determining component traits and their mutual interactions which could be manipulated by the application of NAA. Foliar application of NAA (30-50 mg/L) have a beneficial impact on plant characters and yield of Okra, hence recommended in Okra cultivation.

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