scholarly journals Effects of Fish Oil and Dietary Antioxidant Supplementation on Bone Health of Growing Lambs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Skiba ◽  
Stanisława Raj ◽  
Monika Sobol ◽  
Marian Czauderna ◽  
Paweł Kowalczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Carnosic Acid ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Dietary Modifications ◽  
Selenized Yeast

The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of partial replacement of rapeseed oil (RO) with fish oil (FO) combined with dietary supplementation of various antioxidants on the characteristics of lamb femur. Thirty male lambs were assigned to five dietary treatments and fed isoproteinous and isoenergetic diets for 35 days. The control diet was enriched with 3.0% RO, while the experimental diets were enriched either only with 2.0% RO and 1.0% FO or additionally with 0.1% carnosic acid, 0.1% carnosic acid and 0.35 ppm Se as selenized yeast, or 0.1% carnosic acid and 0.35 ppm Se as sodium selenite. After 35 days, the lambs were slaughtered, and the femur was dissected from the carcass of each animal and analyzed for morphometric, geometric, densitometric, and biomechanical properties. The dietary modifications, specifically the supplementation of FO and selenized yeast, significantly improved the geometric, densitometric, and biomechanical properties of lamb femur.

scholarly journals Effects of Fish Oil and Dietary Antioxidant Supplementation on Bone Health

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Skiba ◽  
Stanisława Raj ◽  
Monika Sobol ◽  
Marian Czauderna ◽  
Paweł Kowalczyk
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Carnosic Acid ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Bone Mineralisation

Abstract Background: Lambs or sheep are considered an excellent animal model for humans owing to advantages related to bone anatomy, formation, biomechanical characteristics; bone strength; and absorption of minerals and vitamins. Moreover, bone healing in many animal species is faster than that in humans, whereas bone healing, turnover, and remodelling in sheep and humans are comparable. In this context, it would be interesting to examine the effects of bioactive components of diet (including Se and carnosic acid) on bone mineralisation and strength, since these are the most important indicators of bone status. This knowledge may be useful in the context of orthopaedic research, recovery after orthopaedic surgeries, and prevention of skeletal diseases in humans.Results: The aim of the present study was to assess the effects partial replacement of rapeseed oil (RO) with fish oil (FO) combined with dietary supplementation of various antioxidants on the characteristics of lamb femur. Thirty male lambs were assigned to five dietary treatments and fed isoproteinous and isoenergetic diets for 35 days. The control diet was enriched with 3.0% RO, while the experimental diets were enriched either only with 2.0% RO and 1.0% FO or additionally with 0.1% carnosic acid, 0.1% carnosic acid and 0.35 ppm Se as selenised yeast, or 0.1% carnosic acid and 0.35 ppm Se as sodium selenite. After 35 days, the lambs were slaughtered, and the femur was dissected from the carcass of each animal and analysed for morphometric properties.Conclusions: The present study indicated that dietary bioactive components may improve bone health by promoting bone mineralisation in lambs. Partial replacement of RO with FO combined with dietary supplementation of carnosic acid and organic Se improved the geometric, densitometric, and biomechanical properties of lamb femur.

Rumen biohydrogenation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and their effects on microbial efficiency and nutrient digestibility in sheep

2000 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. WACHIRA ◽  
L. A. SINCLAIR ◽  
R. G. WILKINSON ◽  
K. HALLETT ◽  
M. ENSER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Microbial Efficiency ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Different Sources

The study examined the extent to which n-3 PUFA from different sources were biohydrogenated in the rumen and their effects on rumen microbial efficiency and whole tract nutrient digestibility. Four ruminally and duodenally cannulated wether lambs were used in a 4×4 Latin square design. Four iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets based on dried grass were formulated to provide similar fat levels (60g/kg DM) from different sources; Megalac (palmitic acid: C16:0; Control), whole linseed (α-linolenic acid, C18:3n-3 ; Linseed) fish oil (eicosapentaenoic acid, C20:5n-3, EPA and docosahexaenoic acids C22:6n-3, DHA; Fish oil) and whole linseed plus fish oil providing equal amounts of oil (LinFish). Diets were offered at a rate of 1·2kg/day in 12 equal portions.Total fatty acid intake was similar on all diets whilst duodenal fatty acid flow varied between 101, 94, 87 and 90% of dietary intake for animals fed the Control, Linseed, Fish oil and Linfish diets respectively. Duodenal flow of C18:3 n-3 in animals fed the Linseed diet was twice that of animals fed the Control diet (P < 0·01) whilst animals fed the Fish oil diet had a significantly greater flow of EPA and DHA than those fed any of the other dietary treatments. Duodenal flow of trans C18:1 in animals fed the Linfish diet was significantly greater than that in animals fed either Linseed, Fish oil or Control diets (P < 0·001). Biohydrogenation of C18:3n-3 was 80 to 93% in all diets whilst that of C20:5n-3 and C22:6n-3 was 72 to 79% in diets that contained fish oil or linseed and fish oil. Apparent fatty acid digestibility (duodenum to rectum) tended to be greater for unsaturated than saturated fatty acids whilst whole tract fatty acid digestibility (mouth to rectum) was significantly greater in animals fed diets containing fish oil (P0·05). All dietary n-3 PUFA sources decreased microbial protein synthesis and efficiency when expressed as either gN/kg organic matter (OM) apparently or truly degraded in the rumen. Additionally, the inclusion of fish oil increased the proportion of propionate in the rumen whilst depressing the rumen digestibility of OM and fibre (P < 0·01), but had no significant effect on whole tract OM or fibre digestibility.

scholarly journals High quality cassava peel fine mash as replacement for maize in diets of growing pigs: 2. Effects on nutrient and fibre fraction digestibility

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 190-197
Author(s):  
A. A. Fatufe ◽  
O. A. Adebiyi ◽  
A. O. K Adesehinwa ◽  
E. Ajayi ◽  
R. K. Abidoye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Cassava Peel ◽  
Fibre Fraction

Twenty growing pigs with an average initial weight of 53±0.5 kg (± SE) were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with four replicates per treatment and one animal in each replicate. A total tract digestibility trial was carried out to determine the effect of partial replacement of maize with graded levels of high quality cassava peel (HQCP) mashon the nutrient digestibility and fibre fraction digestibility of growing pigs. The control diet T1 had 40% of maize, while the dietary treatments T2, T3, T4 and T5 had7.5, 15, 22.5 and 30% of HQCP corresponding to replacement of maize by 0, 19, 38, 56 and 75% respectively. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in apparent nutrient digestibility coefficient of dry matter, nitrogen free extract, organic matter and energy. There were significant(P<0.05)variationsintheapparentdigestibilityofcrudeprotein,crudefibreand ether extract and the crude protein digestibility decreased as the level of HQCP increased from 7.5 to 30%. Also, there was a significant (P<0.05) increase in acid detergent fibre and acid detergent lignin digestibilities with the inclusion of HQCP compared to the control, whereas there was no significant (P>0.05) influence of HQCP inclusion on hemicellulose digestibility among the treatments. It can thus be concluded that the nutritional potential of high quality cassava peel can still be realised when fed up to 30% in growing pig diet

Effects of dietary supplementation of endo-1,4-b-D-glucanase producing Bacillus subtilis sp.-fermented products on growth performance in broilers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeayoung Kim ◽  
Byeongwoo Kim ◽  
Seongkeun Cho ◽  
Kyungjin Cho ◽  
Jakyeom Seo
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Left Breast ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Dietary Treatments

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of Endoglucanase producing Bacillus subtilis sp. fermented product (EBFP) on growth performance and meat characteristics in broilers. A total of 480, 1 day old ROSS male broiler chicks were obtained from a local hatchery and randomly allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 6 replicate pens consisting of 20 chicks. Three additional diets were prepared by mixing 0.1% of commercial cellulase, 0.1%, and 0.2% of EBFP with the control diet and all chicks were fed experimental diets and water ad libitum. Feed intake and body weight (BW) were recorded at 0, 3, and 5 week of the experiment. At the end of the experiment, birds fed a diet containing 0.1% of EBFP had the highest BW compared to birds in other groups (P > 0.01). During 0 to 5 week the experimental period, the dietary addition of 0.1% EBFP significantly increased (P > 0.01) BW gain that was higher than that of birds fed the diet in which only a commercial cellulase was added. No significant difference among treatments was observed in carcass weight, carcass yield, left breast, and thigh meat. These results suggest that dietary addition of cellulolytic probiotics may enhance growth performance compared with the single use of probiotics or enzymes.

scholarly journals Effect of feeding different oils on plasma corticosterone in broiler chickens

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Pál ◽  
Margit Kulcsár ◽  
Judit Poór ◽  
László Wágner ◽  
Szabolcs Nagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Corticosterone Concentration ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Grower Diet ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

A study was conducted to examine the effects of different oils on the plasma corticosterone concentrations of broiler chickens fed ad libitum or deprived of feed for 24 hours. A total of 36 Ross broilers were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments at 10 days of age and fed a grower diet supplemented with 60 g/kg soybean oil (rich in linoleic acid, C18:2n–6), linseed oil (rich in a-linolenic acid, C18:3n–3) or fish oil (rich in C14:0, C16:0, C16:1n–7, C20:1n–9; eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, EPA, C20:5n–3 and DHA, C22:6n–3), respectively, for 18 days. Dietary supplementation of fish oil resulted in lower (P < 0.05) baseline plasma corticosterone levels of chickens fed ad libitum for 18 days compared to soybean and linseed oil supplementations. Feed deprivation for 24 h induced a significant (P < 0.05) increase in corticosterone concentration in every treatment group compared to the ad libitum-fed birds. The hormone levels of feed-deprived birds did not differ significantly among groups fed diets supplemented with different oils.

scholarly journals Effects of Replacement of Fish Oil by a Mixture of Balanites aegyptiaca and Adansonia digitata Seed Oils on the Growth and Survival of Clarias anguillaris Fries (Linnaeus, 1758)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Mariama Sagne ◽  
Jean Fall ◽  
Abdoulaye Loum ◽  
Pathe Karim Djiba ◽  
Diégane Ndong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Adansonia Digitata ◽  
Balanites Aegyptiaca ◽  
Significant Difference

To investigate the effects of replacement of fish oil by a mixture of Balanites aegyptiaca and Adansonia digitata seed oils three isonitrogenous (35.36%) and isoenergetic diets (3.48 MJ / kg) were formulated for one kilogram (1kg). The study was carried out on fries Clarias anguillaris for six weeks.At the beginning of the experiment, 90 Clarias anguillaris of the initial average weight of 0.82 ± 0.055g were randomly divided into three different groups with two replicates containing 15 fish/each. Fish were kept in six plastic tanks (50 x 40 x 30 cm) container (50 L). The results showed that the substitution of fish oil by a mixture of Balanites aegyptiaca seed oil and Adansonia digitata seed oil gives growth for all diets. However, the best growths are obtained from all points of view (MWGr, MWGa and SGR) with diet A (mixture of Adansonia seed oil and Balanites seed oil at a ratio of 20 : 20) followed by the diet D (mixture of Adansonia seed oil and Balanites seed oil at 10 : 30) compare to the control diet M containing fish oil. The best FCR was observed with the diet A followed by the diet D compare to the FCR observed with the diet M. The PER was higher in diet A (0.57) followed by diet D with (0.45) that has no significant difference with the control diet M (0.43). The highest value 63% was obtained with the diet D followed by 60% with the diet M and finally the lowest value 53% was obtained with the diet A. In regards to the growth performance, fish fed a 100% vegetable oil diet showed the best growth performance. Therefore, the replacement of fish oil with a mixture of Balanites aegyptiaca seed oil and Adansonia digitata seed oil has no negative impact on the growth of Clarias anguillaris fry. It would be interesting first to study the inclusion rate of Balanites aegyptiaca seed oil for a partial replacement of fish oil.

Performance of broiler chicks fed on two insect based-diets in South East Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.I. Amobi ◽  
C.I. Ebenebe
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Linear Body

The performance of broiler chicks fed on two common species of edible insects: African palm larva (Rhynchophorus phoenicis) and winged termite (Macrotermes bellicosus) in south east, Nigeria were studied using 135 day old Arbor acre birds. Three dietary treatments (T1, T2 and T3) representing Diet A (control: vital feed based fishmeal), Diet B (African palm larvae meal; APLM), and Diet C (containing winged termite meal; WTM), respectively, were used. T1 comprised of a standard feed of brand name ‘vital feed’ containing fishmeal which served as control while T2 and T3 both had insect meal: APLM and WTM, respectively, in place of fishmeal. Forty five broiler chicks were randomly assigned to each of the three dietary treatments at the rate of fifteen chicks per replicate and three replicates per treatment in a completely randomised design. The experiment lasted for eight weeks. During this period, the birds were subjected to similar husbandry and sanitation practices. Weekly record of feed intake, weight gain and linear body measurements were taken. Data obtained were subjected to ANOVA appropriate for completely randomised design and the differences between means were separated using least significant differences. The result showed that chicks fed with control diet based fishmeal (Diet A) had the highest feed intake compared to those fed Diet B and Diet C. Broiler chicks on Diet B however had the highest records in all performance indices (weight gain, feed efficiency ratio, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio and linear body measurements) investigated followed by Diet C and lastly Diet A. The study therefore recommends the use of insect meal for complete or partial replacement of fishmeal in poultry feed formulation.

scholarly journals The Influence of Different Chemical Forms of Selenium Added to the Diet Including Carnosic Acid, Fish Oil and Rapeseed Oil on the Formation of Volatile Fatty Acids and Methane in the Rumen, and Fatty Acid Profiles in the Rumen Content and Muscles of Lambs

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Miltko ◽  
J. Agnieszka Rozbicka-Wieczorek ◽  
Edyta Więsyk ◽  
Marian Czauderna
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
The Body ◽  
Carnosic Acid ◽  
Straight Chain ◽  
Ruminal Fluid ◽  
Branched Chain

AbstractLambs were divided into 3 groups of 6 animals each. For 35 days lambs were fed a diet including 2% rapeseed oil, 1% fish oil and 0.1% carnosic acid (the control group) or two experimental diets supplemented with 0.35 mg ∙ kg−1Se as selenized-yeast (SeY) (the SeY diet) or selenate (the selenate diet). Muscles (Musculus longissimus dorsi(MLD) andMusculus biceps femoris(MBF)), ruminal fluids and microbiota were collected from each lamb. SeY supplementation most effectively stimulated the accumulation of straight-chain volatile fatty acids (VFAs),iso-branched-chain VFAs, CO2and CH4in the ruminal fluid. The contents of CO2, CH4and VFAs including straight-chain VFAs with the exception ofiso-branched-chain VFAs were most effectively reduced by the selenite diet. The control diet most efficiently increased the concentration sums ofodd-saturated fatty acids (odd-SFAs) andiso-SFAs in microbiota. The SeY diet most efficiently reduced acetic acid to propionic acid ratio in the ruminal fluid. The selenate diet improved animal performance by reducing ruminal concentrations of CH4and CO2. The SeY diet and especially the selenate diet reduced the biohydrogenation to C18:0 when compared with the control diet. The selenate diet more efficiently reduced the concentration sums of all SFAs (ΣSFAs) and all fatty acids (ΣFAs) inMLDandMBFthan the SeY diet, which most effectively increased the concentrations of ΣSFAs and ΣFAs inMLDandMBF. The selenate diet most effectively increased the body mass gain of lambs.

scholarly journals Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia illucens as an Alternative to Fishmeal Protein and Fish Oil: Impact on Growth, Immune Response, Mucosal Barrier Status, and Flesh Quality of Juvenile Barramundi, Lates calcarifer (Bloch, 1790)

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 505
Author(s):  
Amanda Hender ◽  
Muhammad Siddik ◽  
Janet Howieson ◽  
Ravi Fotedar
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Flesh Quality ◽  
Isocaloric Diets

A feeding trial was conducted to test the effects of partial replacement of fishmeal (FM) protein and fish oil (FO) with partially defatted black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens insect protein, and oil, respectively, on growth performance, immune response, gut and skin barrier status, and flesh quality in juvenile barramundi. Four isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets used in the study were a control diet based on FM, 30% FM replaced with H. illucens protein (HiP), 30% FO replaced with H. illucens oil (HiO), and both 30% FM and 30% FO replaced with H. illucens protein and oil (HiPO). Diets were fed twice a day to satiety in triplicated groups of barramundi with an initial body weight of 1.74 ± 0.15 g per fish. At the end of the trial, growth and feed utilization indices were found insignificant (p > 0.05) between the test diets and control. A significant increase in bactericidal activity was observed in fish fed the HiP diet while serum lysozyme activity was unchanged. Stress-related heat shock proteins (HSP70 and HSP90) did not differ significantly among the test diets while immune-relevant genes (IL-1β and IL-10) were significantly upregulated in HiP and HiOP groups. The number of mucin cells were increased in the gut and skin of HiP and HiOP fed fish when compared to the control diet. The total fatty acid compositions (∑SFA, ∑MUFA, ∑PUFA, ∑n-3, and ∑n-6) in the muscles of barramundi were not significantly influenced with H. illucens protein and oil diets when compared to the control.

scholarly journals Diets enriched in fish and rapeseed oils, carnosic acid, and different chemical forms of selenium affect fatty acid profile in the periintestinal fat and indices of nutritional properties of selected tissues of lambs

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Białek ◽  
Marian Czauderna ◽  
Kamil Zaworski
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Carnosic Acid ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Chemical Forms ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Selenized Yeast

The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of carnosic acid (CA), selenate (VISe) or selenized yeast (YSe) on concentrations of fatty acids (FA), tocopherols, cholesterol and malondialdehyde in the periintestinal fat (PIF) and muscles of lambs. Male lambs were fed the control diet containing rapeseed (RO) and fish (FO) oils, the CA diet containing RO, FO and CA, the YSe-CA diet with RO, FO, CA and YSe, and the VISe-CA diet with RO, FO, CA and VISe. The experimental diets with CA, irrespective of the presence of YSe or VISe, decreased sums of saturated FA (SFA) and the thrombogenic SFA in the PIF compared to the control. The experimental diets increased the Δ9-desaturation capacity in the PIF compared to the control. The experimental diets with YSe or VISe reduced sums of long-chain polyunsaturated FA in the PIF compared to the control and CA diets. The PIF and muscles of lambs fed the VISe-CA diet were characterised by the highest hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic-FA ratio, and lower modified atherogenic index compared to the control.

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