scholarly journals Effect of feeding different oils on plasma corticosterone in broiler chickens

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Pál ◽  
Margit Kulcsár ◽  
Judit Poór ◽  
László Wágner ◽  
Szabolcs Nagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Corticosterone Concentration ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Grower Diet ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

A study was conducted to examine the effects of different oils on the plasma corticosterone concentrations of broiler chickens fed ad libitum or deprived of feed for 24 hours. A total of 36 Ross broilers were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments at 10 days of age and fed a grower diet supplemented with 60 g/kg soybean oil (rich in linoleic acid, C18:2n–6), linseed oil (rich in a-linolenic acid, C18:3n–3) or fish oil (rich in C14:0, C16:0, C16:1n–7, C20:1n–9; eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, EPA, C20:5n–3 and DHA, C22:6n–3), respectively, for 18 days. Dietary supplementation of fish oil resulted in lower (P < 0.05) baseline plasma corticosterone levels of chickens fed ad libitum for 18 days compared to soybean and linseed oil supplementations. Feed deprivation for 24 h induced a significant (P < 0.05) increase in corticosterone concentration in every treatment group compared to the ad libitum-fed birds. The hormone levels of feed-deprived birds did not differ significantly among groups fed diets supplemented with different oils.

EFFECT OF FEEDING VOMITOXIN-CONTAMINATED WHEAT TO PIGS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1211-1222 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. FRIEND ◽  
H. L. TRENHOLM ◽  
J. I. ELLIOT ◽  
K. E. HARTIN ◽  
B. K. THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Tolerance Level ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Postmortem Examinations ◽  
Grower Diet ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

Two groups each of three gilts (39 ± 4 kg) were given ad libitum a diet containing 70% vomitoxin-contaminated (1 ppm) wheat (V) and two other groups (controls) the same diet with 70% clean wheat (C). Similarly, for 18 gilts (75 ± 4 kg), two groups were given diet C, two diet V and two groups diet CV containing 35% contaminated and 35% clean wheat. Pigs fed diet V lost weight during the first few days and their weight was less than that of the C pigs; the effect was less pronounced for the CV pigs. Intakes of diets V and CV declined initially then improved; variation in response indicated individual differences in tolerance level during the 21-day experiments. Fifty-six pigs (43 ± 6 kg) were allocated to seven diets and by two sexes in four replicates. Dietary treatments were 0, 14, 28, 42, 56 and 100% vomitoxin-contaminated (1 ppm) wheat in a grower diet with a corn-based diet acting as positive control. There was a linear decrease (P < 0.01) in feed intake with increasing vomitoxin level; weight gains differed significantly in the first week but the differences were not maintained over the 7-wk experimental period. A similar experiment with 56 younger (21 ± 2 kg) pigs for a 4-wk feeding period gave differences in feed intake and weight gain which were not significant; although, differences in gain reached significance (P < 0.05) when positive control data were excluded. Postmortem examinations were undertaken for pigs in all but the first experiment; some discoloration of the stomach and large intestine suggested differences among diets, but none was significant. Key words; Vomitoxin, wheat, pigs, feeding

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Fat Source and Subtherapeutic Levels of Antibiotic on the Bacterial Community in the Ileum of Broiler Chickens at Various Ages

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 5918-5924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ane Knarreborg ◽  
Mary Alice Simon ◽  
Ricarda M. Engberg ◽  
Bent Borg Jensen ◽  
Gerald W. Tannock
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Toxin Gene ◽  
Bacterial Enumeration ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Dietary Treatments

ABSTRACT The effect of dietary fat source (soy oil or a mixture of lard and tallow) and dietary supplementation with antibiotics (a combination of avilamycin at 10 mg kg of feed−1 and salinomycin at 40 mg kg of feed−1) on the bacterial community in the ileum of broiler chickens at different ages (7, 14, 21, and 35 days) was studied using PCR with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis and bacteriological culture. The bacterial origin of fragments in DGGE profiles was identified by sequencing. Bacterial enumeration results, together with PCR-DGGE profiles, showed that the composition of the microflora was age dependent and influenced by dietary fat source and antibiotic supplementation. An increased incidence of streptococci, enterobacteria, and Clostridium perfringens with age of the chickens was demonstrated. Lactobacilli and C. perfringens were the bacterial groups most strongly affected by the dietary treatments. Moreover, different strains (clonal variants of the alpha-toxin gene) of C. perfringens type A were detected in response to age, dietary fat source, and dietary supplementation with antibiotics.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Coarse or Extruded Oat Hulls on Growth Performance, Blood Biochemical Parameters, Ceca Microbiota and Short Chain Fatty Acids in Broiler Chickens

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1429
Author(s):  
Deborah Adewole
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Oat Hulls ◽  
Blood Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Cecal Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with coarse or extruded oat hulls on growth performance, blood biochemistry, cecal microbiota, and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) in broiler chickens. Chickens were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments consisting of a corn-wheat-soybean meal-based diet (Basal), Basal + Bacitracin methylenedisalicylate (BMD), Basal +3% coarse OH (COH), and basal +3% extruded OH (EOH). Feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded weekly. On day 36, eight chickens/treatment were euthanized, blood samples were collected, and organ weights were determined. Cecal digesta samples were collected for the determination of SCFA concentration and microbial DNA sequence. Data were subjected to ANOVA using the mixed procedure of SAS. Alpha diversity was estimated with the Shannon index, and the significance of diversity differences was tested with ANOVA. Birds fed COH and EOH had reduced (p < 0.05) BWG, but there was no effect of treatment on FCR. There was a significant increase (p = 0.0050) in relative gizzard empty weight among birds that were fed COH, compared to the other treatments. Dietary treatments had no effect on blood biochemical parameters and SCFA concentration. Cecal microbial composition of chickens was mostly comprised of Firmicutes and Tenericutes. Seven OTUs that were differentially abundant among treatments were identified. In conclusion, supplementation of broiler chickens’ diets with 3% COH or EOH did not affect the FCR, blood biochemical parameters and SCFA concentration, but modified few cecal microbiota at the species level. Dietary supplementation with COH but not EOH significantly increased the relative gizzard weight.

scholarly journals Tolerance of Broilers to Dietary Supplementation with High Levels of the DHA-Rich Microalga, Aurantiochytrium Limacinum: Effects on Health and Productivity

Animals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colm Moran ◽  
Douglas Currie ◽  
Jason Keegan ◽  
Anne Knox
Keyword(s):  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Intended Use

It is well established that the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content of commonly consumed meats, such as chicken, can be increased through dietary supplementation with DHA-rich ingredients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the tolerance of broilers to dietary supplementation with the unextracted biomass of a DHA-rich microalgae Aurantiochytrium limacinum, so as to ensure its safety, since it is accumulated in broiler meat. Healthy day-old male Ross 308 chicks (n = 1120) were evenly distributed to 32 pens (35 chicks per pen), with pens randomly allocated to one of four dietary treatments, each having eight replicates. The dietary groups included one untreated control and three treatments corresponding to three inclusion levels (0.5, 2.5, and 5.0%) of All-G-Rich®, with the birds receiving the experimental diets ad libitum during the study (day 0–42). Bird survival, blood parameters, productivity, and breast and thigh DHA content were determined after 42 days of feeding. Supplementation at up to 10 times the intended use level had no negative effects on the mortality, blood parameters or productivity of the birds, while significant increases in the meat DHA content were observed. These results indicate that supplementation with Aurantiochytrium limacinum is a safe and effective way to increase broiler tissue DHA content.

scholarly journals Carcass characteristics of finishing broiler chickens fed varying levels of crude fibre and energy in multi-fibre source-based diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-131
Author(s):  
R. I. Salami ◽  
A. A. Odunsi
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
The Tropics

The carcass characteristics of unsexed Obamarshal broiler chickens fed three levels (4, 8 and 12%) of Crude Fibre (CF) and three levels of Metabolisable Energy (ME) at 2600, 2800 and 3000 ME (Kcal/kg) in multi-fibre source-based diets were assessed using a 3x3 factorial design. The nine experimental diets, each for the starter and finisher phases maintained the calorie: protein ratios of 123:1 and 140:1 respectively. Two hundred and sixteen (216) dayold unsexed broiler chicks were allotted at the outset to nine dietary treatments at 24 per diet with 8 birds per replicate. There were 3 replicates per treatment arranged in a completely randomised design. Diets were formulated in accordance with the standard nutritional specifications for the broiler chickens. Feed and water were provided to the birds ad libitum for 8 weeks. Results showed that carcass yield was similar (P>0.05) and maximised (P<0.05) on 8 and 12% CF diets at 2800 and 3000ME (Kcal/kg) with the eviscerated weights of 1.40 and 1.42 kg respectively while carcass fat as per abdominal and gizzard was minimised on 12% CF diet at 2800ME (Kcal/kg) diet. Relative weights of both intestinal organs and length of intestine were increased (P<0.05) in broiler finishers with increasing CF levels while increasing ME levels increased abdominal fat. It can therefore, be concluded that 12% CF diet at 2800 and 3000 ME (Kcal/kg) maximised carcass yield but carcass fat was minimised at 2800 ME (Kcal/kg) diet of broiler chickens in favor of its recommendation for adoption, especially in the tropics.

scholarly journals Growth performance of broiler starter chicks fed diets containing graded levels of soaked and boiled bambara nut (Vigna subterranean l. Verde) seed meal

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 176-183
Author(s):  
A. R. Akintunde ◽  
A. Yahaya ◽  
M. A. Oguntoye ◽  
U. M. Mafindi ◽  
U. M. Sani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Deficit of conventional feed ingredients in meeting increased demand has led to an alarming hike in their prices culminating in sky rocketing cost of livestock feed. This has necessitated an urgent search for low cost and more readily available alternatives. This study was conducted to investigate the performance of broiler chicks fed diets containing graded levels of soaked and boiled Bambara nut seed meal (BNSM). One hundred and five (105), 2 week old broiler starter chicks were used for the experiment. The birds were randomly allotted into four dietary treatments with each treatments replicated thrice at seven birds per replicate in a completely randomized design. Five experimental diets were formulated containing processed BNSM designated as T1 (control diet with 0 % BNSM), while T2, T3, T4 and T5 had 5 % soaked BNSM, 10 % soaked BNSM, 5 % boiled BNSM and 10 % boiled BNSM, respectively. The experiment lasted for four (4) weeks. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. The results showed that birds fed processed BNSM diets had significantly (P<0.05) higher final weight and weight gain comparable to 702.38g and 19.99 g/bird/day in the control group. The values obtained from feed intake showed that T2 (64.74 g) had significantly (P<0.05) least value compared to other dietary treatments. Feed conversion ratio and feed cost per kg gain (N) were significantly (P<0.05) better in birds fed processed BNSM diets compared to 3.39 and N215.85 respectively in the control group. It was therefore concluded that processed BNSM improved performance of broiler chickens.     Le déficit d'ingrédients alimentaires conventionnels pour répondre à la demande accrue a conduit à une hausse alarmante de leurs prix, aboutissant à une flambée du coût des aliments pour le bétail. Cela a nécessité une recherche urgente d'alternatives peu coûteuses et plus facilement disponibles. Cette étude a été menée pour étudier la performance des poussins de départ de pouletsde chair nourris avec des régimes contenant des niveaux échelonnés de farine de graines de noix de Bambara trempées et bouillies. Cent cinq (105) poussins de départ âgés de 2 semaines ont été utilisés pour l'expérience. Les oiseaux ont été répartis au hasard en quatre traitements diététiques, chaque traitement étant répliqué trois fois à raison de sept oiseaux par réplique dans une conception complètement aléatoire. Cinq régimes expérimentaux ont été formulés contenant du 'BNSM'-Bambara nutseedmeal(Aliment de farine de graines de noix de bambara)- traité désigné comme T1 (régime témoin avec 0% de BNSM), tandis que T2, T3, T4 et T5 contenaient 5% de 'BNSM' imbibé, 10% de 'BNSM' imbibé, 5% de 'BNSM' bouilli et 10% de 'BNSM' bouilli, respectivement. L'expérience a duré quatre (4) semaines. L'alimentation et l'eau étaient fournies ad libitum. Les resultants ontmontré que les oiseaux nourris avec des régimes 'BNSM' transformés avaient un poids final et un gain de poids significativement plus élevés (P <0.05) comparables à 702.38 g et 19.99 g / oiseau / jour dans le groupe témoin. Les valeurs obtenues à partir de la consommation alimentaire ont montré que T2 (64.74 g) avait une valeur significativement moindre (P <0.05) par rapport aux autres traitements diététiques. Le taux de conversion alimentaire et le coût alimentaire par kg de gain (N) étaient significativement meilleurs (P <0.05) chez les oiseaux nourris avec des régimes 'BNSM' transformés par rapport à 3.39 et N215.85 respectivement dans le groupe témoin. Il a donc été conclu que le 'BNSM' transformé améliorait les performances despoussins de départ de poulets de chair.

scholarly journals Effects of Fish Oil and Dietary Antioxidant Supplementation on Bone Health of Growing Lambs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Skiba ◽  
Stanisława Raj ◽  
Monika Sobol ◽  
Marian Czauderna ◽  
Paweł Kowalczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Carnosic Acid ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Dietary Modifications ◽  
Selenized Yeast

The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of partial replacement of rapeseed oil (RO) with fish oil (FO) combined with dietary supplementation of various antioxidants on the characteristics of lamb femur. Thirty male lambs were assigned to five dietary treatments and fed isoproteinous and isoenergetic diets for 35 days. The control diet was enriched with 3.0% RO, while the experimental diets were enriched either only with 2.0% RO and 1.0% FO or additionally with 0.1% carnosic acid, 0.1% carnosic acid and 0.35 ppm Se as selenized yeast, or 0.1% carnosic acid and 0.35 ppm Se as sodium selenite. After 35 days, the lambs were slaughtered, and the femur was dissected from the carcass of each animal and analyzed for morphometric, geometric, densitometric, and biomechanical properties. The dietary modifications, specifically the supplementation of FO and selenized yeast, significantly improved the geometric, densitometric, and biomechanical properties of lamb femur.

scholarly journals Evaluation of selected minerals in the blood of crossbred pigs fed toasted soybean hull

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
A. A. Ogunbode ◽  
T. B. Mustapha ◽  
T. O. Adams ◽  
F. T. Stephen ◽  
W. A. Amusat
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Soybean Hull ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Crossbred Pigs ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

The significance of the mineral elements in animal nutrition cannot be over emphasized. The presence of mineral elements in animal feed is vital for adequate the metabolic processes. Sixteen (16) crossbred weaned pigs aged eight weeks weighing between 6-7 kg were used in experiment to investigate the effect of feeding varying dietary levels of toasted soybean hull on macro and micro minerals in blood of weaned pigs. The pigs were randomly allotted to four treatments T1, T2, T3 and T4 containing 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% of toasted soybean hull respectively. Water was supplied ad libitum. At the end of feeding trial, two pigs per treatment were selected and blood collected for analysis. Results showed that there were significant (p>0.05) differences in macro minerals. Calcium value ranged from 10.40mg/dL in T1 to11.05mg/dL in T4. Phosphorus ranged from 13.20mg/dL to 17.54mg/dL. Potassium value ranged from 4.65mg/dL to 5.65mg/dL. Magnesium ranged from (3.98mg/dL to 4.80mg/dL). Sodium value ranged from (137.50mg/dL to 143.50mg/dL). Iron, copper and manganese values were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by the dietary treatments with the values ranging from 57.50 – 48.00mg/kg, 42.34 – 31.87mg/kg and 10.95 – 8.85mg/kg respectively. For zinc, the value ranged from 1.04mg/kg to 1.30mg/kg. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that toasted soybean hull could be fed to weaned pigs up to 15% inclusion level without any adverse effects on the macro and micro minerals composition of weaned pigs.     On ne saurait trop insister sur l'importance des éléments minéraux dans la nutrition animale. La présence d'éléments minéraux dans l'alimentation animale est essentielle pour un traitement métabolique adéquat. Seize (16) porcs sevrés croisés âgés de huit semaines pesant entre 6 et 7 kg ont été utilisés dans l'expérience pour étudier l'effet de l'alimentation de différents niveaux alimentaires de coque de soja grillé sur les macro et micro minéraux dans le sang des porcs sevrés. Les porcs ont été attribués au hasard à quatre traitements T1, T2, T3 et T4 contenant respectivement 0 %, 5 %, 10 % et 15 % de la coque de soja grillée. L'eau a été fournie ad libitum. À la fin de l'essai d'alimentation, deux porcs par traitement ont été sélectionnés et le sang prélevé pour analyse. Les résultats ont montré qu'il y avait des différences significatives (p>0,05) dans les minéraux macro. La valeur de calcium s'est étendue de 10.40mg/dL dans T1 à11.05mg/dL dans T4. Le phosphore tégrait de 13,20 mg/dl à 17,54 mg/dl. La valeur de potassium s'est étendue de 4.65mg/dL à 5.65mg/dL. Le magnésium tégrait de (3,98 mg/dL à 4,80 mg/dL). La valeur en sodium varierait de (137,50 mg/dL à 143,50 mg/dL). Les valeurs de fer, de cuivre et de manganèse ont étésignificativement influencées (p<0,05) par les traitements diététiques dont les valeurs vont de 57,50 – 48,00 mg/kg, 42,34 – 31,87 mg/kg et 10,95 – 8,85 mg/kg respectivement. Pour le zinc, la valeur varierait de 1,04 mg/kg à 1,30 mg/kg. D'après les résultats de cette étude, on peut conclure que la coque de soja grillée pourrait être nourrie à des porcs sevrés jusqu'à un niveau d'inclusion de 15 % sans effets négatifs sur la composition macro et micro-minérale des porcs sevrés.

scholarly journals Serum biochemistry profile and liver function indices of broiler chickens served dietary inclusion of probiotics (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and enzyme

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 120-128
Author(s):  
F. U. Udeh ◽  
V. C. Udeh ◽  
P. Chukwudi
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dietary Treatments

As the use of antibiotics as growth promoters have been banned in different countries, researchers have been working hard to find alternatives to antibiotics, and also come up with other substances that can promote growth, health and productivity in broiler chickens. The study was conducted to evaluate the serum biochemistry of broiler chickens served dietary inclusion of probiotics (Saccharomyces cereviasae) and enzyme. One hundred and twenty, one day-old broiler chicks Ross strain were used for the study. The birds were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments. Each treatment contained 30 birds replicated three times to contain 10 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design experiment. The four dietary treatments were T1 Control (no probiotics and no enzyme), T2 (both probiotics and enzyme), T3 (Probiotics only) and T4 (Enzyme only). The probiotics and enzyme was included at 0.8% and 0.02%, respectively. The birds were given feed and water ad-libitum. The experiment lasted for eight weeks. At the end of the experimental period, three birds were randomly chosen from each replicate for serum biochemistry profiling and liver function test. The results showed that inclusion of probiotics and enzyme had significant effect (p<0.05) on the serum biochemistry profile and liver function indices. Low density lipoprotein was reduced from 3.83±0.60g/l in the control group to 2.18±0.12g/l in T2 (Probiotic and Enzyme) group. Lymphocytes values ranged from 26.00% to 38.00% in the treated groups, while the control had 45.67%. The dietary inclusion of probiotics and enzyme reduced total cholesterol from 5.07g/l to 4.22g/l and low density lipoprotein from 3.83g/l to 2.18g/l in the (probiotics and enzyme) treated group and also improved liver function indices of the broiler chickens. Aspartate aminotransferase, Alanine aminotransferase, Alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin had range values of 114.67 to 150.67 µl, (21.00 to 28.67 µl, 10.33 to 17.00 µl and 1.30 to 1.47mg/dl, respectively. It was therefore, concluded that combination of probiotics and enzyme should be included in broiler diets for immunity improvement, good liver function and reduction in cholesterol levels.   Depuis l'interdit de l'utilisation d'antibiotiques comme stimulateur de croissance dans différents pays, les chercheurs ont travaillé dur pour trouver des alternatives aux antibiotiques, ainsi que d'autres substances susceptibles de favoriser la croissance, la santé et la productivité des poulets de chair. L'étude a été menée pour évaluer la biochimie sérique des poulets de chair a servi d'inclusion alimentaire de probiotiques (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) et d'enzymes. Des poussins de chair Ross de cent vingt et un jours ont été utilisés pour l'étude. Les oiseaux ont été attribués au hasard à quatre traitements diététiques. Chaque traitement contenait 30 oiseaux répliqués trois fois pour contenir 10 oiseaux par réplica dans une expérience de conception complètement aléatoire. Les quatre traitements diététiques étaient le contrôle T1 (sans probiotiques et sans enzyme), T2 (probiotiques et enzyme), T3 (probiotiques uniquement) et T4 (enzyme uniquement). Les probiotiques et l'enzyme ont été inclus à 0,8% et 0,02%, respectivement. Les oiseaux ont reçu de la nourriture et de l'eau ad-libitum. L'expérience a duré huit semaines. À la fin de la période expérimentale, trois oiseaux ont été choisis au hasard dans chaque réplique pour le profilage de la biochimie sérique et le test de la fonction hépatique. Les résultats ont montré que l'inclusion de probiotiques et d'enzymes avait un effet significatif (p <0,05) sur le profil biochimique sérique et les indices de la fonction hépatique. Les lipoprotéines de basse densité ont été réduites de 3,83 ± 0,60 g / l dans le groupe témoin à 2,18 ± 0,12 g / l dans le groupe T2 (probiotique et enzyme). Les valeurs des lymphocytes variaient de 26,00% à 38,00% dans les groupes traités, tandis que le témoin en avait 45,67%. L'inclusion alimentaire de probiotiques et d'enzymes a réduit le cholestérol total de 5,07 g / l à 4,22 g / l et les lipoprotéines de basse densité de 3,83 g / l à 2,18 g / l dans le groupe traité (probiotiques et enzyme) et a également amélioré les indices de la fonction hépatique des poulets de chair. L'aspartate aminotransférase, l'alanine aminotransférase, la phosphatase alcaline et la bilirubine totale avaient des valeurs comprises entre 114,67 et 150,67 µl, (21,00 à 28,67 µl, 10,33 à 17,00 µl et 1,30 à 1,47 mg / dl, respectivement. Il a donc été conclu que l'association de probiotiques et d'enzyme doivent être inclus dans les régimes alimentaires pour poulets de chair pour l'amélioration de l'immunité, la bonne fonction hépatique et la réduction du taux de cholestérol.

scholarly journals Fatty acid metabolism (desaturation, elongation and β-oxidation) in rainbow trout fed fish oil- or linseed oil-based diets

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni M. Turchini ◽  
David S. Francis
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Fish Fillet ◽  
Fold Reduction ◽  
Dietary Treatments

In consideration of economical and environmental concerns, fish oil (FO) substitution in aquaculture is the focus of many fish nutritionists. The most stringent drawback of FO replacement in aquafeeds is the consequential modification to the final fatty acid (FA) make-up of the fish fillet. However, it is envisaged that a solution may be achieved through a better understanding of fish FA metabolism. Therefore, the present study investigated the fate of individual dietary FA in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed a FO-based diet (rich in 20 : 5n-3) or a linseed oil-based diet (LO; rich in 18 : 3n-3). The study demonstrated that much of the 18 : 3n-3 content from the LO diet was oxidised and, despite the significantly increased accretion of Δ-6 and Δ-5 desaturated FA, a 2- and 3-fold reduction in the fish body content of 20 : 5n-3 and 22 : 6n-3, respectively, compared with the FO-fed fish, was recorded. The accretion of longer-chain FA was unaffected by the dietary treatments, while there was a greater net disappearance of FA provided in dietary surplus. SFA and MUFA recorded a net accretion of FA produced ex novo. In the fish fed the FO diet, the majority of dietary 20 : 5n-3 was accumulated (53·8 %), some was oxidised (14·7 %) and a large proportion (31·6 %) was elongated and desaturated up to 22 : 6n-3. In the fish fed the LO diet, the majority of dietary 18 : 3n-3 was accumulated (58·1 %), a large proportion was oxidised (29·5 %) and a limited amount (12·4 %) was bio-converted to longer and more unsaturated homologues.

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