scholarly journals Effects of Using Corn Dried Distillers’ Grains with Solubles (cDDGS) as a Partial Replacement for Soybean Meal on the Outcomes of Pig Fattening, Pork Slaughter Value and Quality

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2956
Author(s):  
Tomasz Schwarz ◽  
Marcin Przybyło ◽  
Piotr Zapletal ◽  
Artur Turek ◽  
Mariola Pabiańczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Distillers Grains With Solubles ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Fattening Period ◽  
The Cost

The present study set out to determine the effects of incorporating cDDGS into starter, grower, and finisher diets (containing 5%, 10%, and 15% of cDDGS, respectively) on growth performance, carcass and meat quality, and cost effectiveness of pig fattening. Sixty-four pigs (mean body weight of 15.0 ± 2.1 kg) were divided into two groups (n = 32) and fed a control diet (cereal–soybean meal-based) or cDGGS-containing diets (with soybean meal partially replaced with cDDGS). Live weights of pigs as well as weight gains/daily weight gains across all fattening phases did not differ between the two groups of fattener pigs studied (p > 0.05). Addition of cDDGS decreased feed intake per pig during the grower (p < 0.05) and finisher (p < 0.01) phases, and, as a result, throughout the entire fattening period (254 vs. 245 kg for control and cDDGS groups, respectively; p < 0.01). The feed conversion ratio (FCR) for the entire fattening period was significantly less for cDDGS-fed fatteners (2.77) than for controls (2.91; p < 0.05). Carcass weights, fat thickness, and meatiness did not vary between the two groups of animals (p > 0.05). Loin depth was greater in the cDDGS group by ~5 mm (p < 0.05). Slaughter value was higher for the cDDGS group (76.1% vs. 77.0%, p < 0.05). The total cost of fattening and total cost of 1 kg of body weight decreased in cDDGS compared with the control subset of fatteners by ~7% and 8% during the grower and finisher phases, respectively (p < 0.01). The simplified direct surplus per pig was approximately 63% higher for the cDDGS group. Our results indicate that even moderate inclusion of cDDGS to concentrate mixtures (or a partial replacement of soybean meal with cDDGS) may improve FCR without any substantial changes in meat and back fat characteristics as well as significantly decrease the cost of feeding and increase the profitability of pig production.

scholarly journals Effects of the Ratio of Dietary Fish Meal to Soybean Meal on the Performance of Broiler Chicks

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Nwe Nwe Htin ◽  
May Phyo Chit
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Dietary Fish

A completely randomized design (CRD) was used with a total of 160 day-old commercial broiler chicks which were randomly assigned to four treatment groups with five replicates into 20 pens and brooded. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. From day old chick to 21 day, the broiler chicks were fed Diet 1 (5% fish meal and 25% soybean meal, 1: 5), Diet 2 (3% fish meal and 30% soybean meal, 1: 10) was served as control diet, Diet 3 (2% fish meal and 30% soybean meal, 1: 15) and Diet 4 (1.5% fish meal and 30% soybean meal, 1: 20). From day 22 onwards, the broiler chicks were fed finisher diet, Diet 1 (5% fish meal and 25% soybean meal, 1: 5), Diet 2 (2.6% fish meal and 26% soybean meal, 1: 10, serve as control diet, Diet 3 (1.8% fish meal and 27% soybean meal, 1: 15) and Diet 4 (1.3% fish meal and 26% soybean meal, 1: 20). Weekly performances and mortality are measured. By feeding FS5 diet (5% fish meal and 25% soybean meal), the heavier body weight, increased feed consumption and feed conversion ratio of broiler chicks was observed when compared to that of other treatment groups. Conclusively, it is obvious that the ratio of dietary fish meal to soybean meal 1: 5 (FS5) improved body weight but the lower feed efficiency of this diet should be considered in economical point of view.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SUPPLEMENTARY CELLULOLYTIC ENZYMES (DRISELASE) ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BROILERS FED RATIONS CONTAINING RAPESEED MEAL

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 269-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. K. GOH ◽  
A. SHIRES ◽  
A. R. ROBBLEE ◽  
D. R. CLANDININ
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzymes ◽  
Feed Conversion

Two experiments were conducted to study the effects of supplementing broiler rations with a multiple cellulolytic enzymes system (Driselase) on the performance of chicks raised to 4 wk of age (exp. 1) and to 8 wk of age (exp. 2). Four broiler rations unsupplemented or supplemented with 0.03% Driselase were used in the study. One of the rations was based on soybean meal and wheat while the other three contained 20% rapeseed meal (produced from Regent, Candle and Turret cultivars of rapeseed) as a partial replacement for soybean meal. The results obtained in both experiments indicated a lack of response in body weight and feed conversion of the chicks to Driselase supplementation. In both experiments, the chicks receiving the rations containing rapeseed meal showed varying degrees of thyroid enlargement depending on the cultivar of rapeseed from which the meal was produced, with Turret meal causing the greatest increase in thyroid size. Key words: Driselase, cellulolytic enzymes, broilers, performance, rapeseed meal

scholarly journals Nutritional evaluation of fermented cocoyam tuber meal (Xanthosoma sagitifolium ) as energy source in place of maize in starter broiler production

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
B.C Anyaegbu ◽  
D.N. Onunkwo ◽  
A.C. Ogbonna ◽  
O. Uzoigwe
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
The Cost

Considering the inherent attributes of cocoyam tuber meal (Xanthosoma Sagitifolium), its appropriate utilization for chicken diets may enhance performance of broiler chicken. This studywas therefore carried out to determine the nutritional evaluation of fermented cocoyam tuber meal as energy source in the diets of starter broilers production. The fermented cocoyam was used to replace maize at various levels to determine the best replacement would give optimal performance in starter broilers diets. One hundred and fifty 150 day old Agrited starter broilers were used for this experiment,. The proximate composition of fermented cocoyam tuber meal (FCYM) showed that it contained 19.5% moisture, 1.30% ash, 3.56% Crude protein, 5.30% crude fibre, 1.9% ether extract and 25.48% NFE. In the starter feeding trial, the fermented cocoyam was used to replace maize at levels of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% respectively in the control diet. Each starter diet was fed to a group of 30 broilers chicks for four weeks using completely randomized design. Each treatment was divided into three replicates of 10 broiler chicks each. Parameters measured include initial body weight, final body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and cost of production. In the starter feeding trial, the starter broilers on 25% FCYM compared favorably with those on the control diet (P>0.05) in terms of feed intake, feed conversion ratio and body weight gain and hence recorded the higher body weight gain. The cost per kg feed produced was N182.50 for the control diet and the lowest was diet 5 (100% FCYM) which was N82.74. The cost of production (cost/kg feed x feed conversion ratio) of starter broilers per kg body weight gain was lowest for diet 5 (100% FCYM) (N158.86), while the costliest was those on the control diet (N383.25). The results of the trial have shown that fermentation of cocoyam tuber meal for 4 days for formulating starter broiler diets was quite an effective method of processing because fermentation reduced the anti-nutrients content. It was concluded that fermented cocoyam tuber meal could be used in the diets of starter broilers up to 25% without affecting body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio as indicated in this study.

scholarly journals Effect of different combination levels of palm kernel cake, yam peel and plantain peel meals as partial replacement for maize in broiler starter diets.

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
E. B. Etuk ◽  
B. Anopueme ◽  
I. F. Etuk ◽  
J. S. Ekpo ◽  
O. O. Emenalom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Palm Kernel Cake ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Cost

Ninety six unsexed day old Marshall broiler chickens were divided into 4 groups of 3 replicates each on weight equalization basis (42.87 – 43.24g). The chicks were used to determine the effect of partial replacement of maize with combinations of palm kernel cake (PKC), yam peel meal (YPM) and plantain peel meal (PPM) in broiler starter diets. Four broiler starter diets were formulated such that diet T1 (control) contained 54% maize. Diets T2, T3 and T4 contained PKC, YPM and PPM in the ratios, 1:1:2, 1: 2:1 and 1: 1: 2 replacing 50% of maize. The chick groups were each randomly assigned to one of the experimental broiler starter diets in a completely randomised design (CRD) experiment. The feed and water were offered ad libitum. Results indicated that birds on diet T4 recorded significantly (p<0.05) higher (861.63g) body weight gain than those on other diets. Feed intake followed similar trend with birds on diet T1 recording significantly (p<0.05) lower (1564.63g) value than other groups. Feed conversion ratio was comparable (p>0.05) for all groups while feed cost savings relative to the control diet ranged from 23.51 – 24.51%. Birds on diets T4 recorded the lowest feed cost per kg body weight gain. It is concluded that combinations of PKC, YPM and PPM could safely replace 50% of maize in broiler starter diet with 1: 1: 2 combination ratio producing a superior performance.

scholarly journals 13. Partial Replacement of Soybean with Low-Tannin Faba Bean Varieties (Albus or Amulet): Effects on Growth Traits, Slaughtering Parameters and Meat Quality of Puławska Pigs

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 477-487
Author(s):  
Anna Milczarek ◽  
Maria Osek
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum

Abstract The study was carried out involving 48 fattening pigs split into 3 groups of equal size: one control (I) and two experimental (II and III). The experimental factor was low-tannin faba bean seeds of the Albus variety (group II) or Amulet variety (group III) introduced to experimental feed mixtures as a partial replacement for soybean meal - the only protein-rich material in the control diet. It was noticed that the partial replacement of soybean meal with faba bean meal had no statistically significant effect on: the daily gains of pigs, feed conversion, meatiness and fattening grades and meat acidity (pH1 and pH24), water holding capacity and muscle colour parameters (L*a*b*). However, the drip loss from longissimus muscles of pigs fed with diets containing low-tannin faba bean was lower and the difference between the group receiving Albus faba bean and the control group was confirmed to be statistically significant (P≤0.05). In the analysed longissimus lumborum muscle, no differences were recorded between the groups in terms of the content of protein, fat, minerals, or saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, including monounsaturated fatty acids. However, it was determined that the muscles of the animals from groups II and III contained more essential unsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids (P≤0.05 - between groups I and III ). Albus faba bean seeds introduced to the feed mixture had a beneficial effect on the sensory characteristics of the evaluated muscle since, compared to the longissimus lumborum muscle from the control group, it was characterised by significantly (P≤0.05) improved juiciness, tenderness and palatability.

scholarly journals Application of dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) as a replacer of soybean meal in broiler chickens feeding

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 496-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Łukasiewicz ◽  
D. Pietrzak ◽  
J. Niemiec ◽  
J. Mroczek ◽  
M. Michalczuk
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Distillers Grains With Solubles ◽  
Dried Distillers Grains ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Similar Body

Abstract. Contemporarily, the production of high-grade ethyl alcohol enables obtaining dried distillers decoction that contains post-fermentation residues of cereal grains, solubles as well as yeast cells and their metabolites multiplied in the fermentation process, which makes that product applicable also in poultry feeding. Experiments were conducted on 540 broiler chickens of COBB 500 line. One-day chicks were randomly allocated to 3 nutritional groups: K, D1 and D2, each group consisted of 6 replicates of 30 birds. The factor that differentiated the groups was the content of dried wheat decoction in the starter type feed mixture (5% and 7%). Production results (individual body weight, feed intake and mortality) of the birds were controlled in a 42-day rearing period. On the 42nd day of rearing, 6 male and 6 female chickens from each group were chosen for slaughter that had body weights similar to the average of each group according to gender. The aim of this study was to determine experimentally whether the by-product of ethanol production is suitable for replacing soybean meal in feeding broiler chickens. The application of the wheat decoction had no negative effect on production results of the chickens. The birds fed a mixture with a higher content of dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) were characterised by a similar body weight and better feed conversion ratio compared to the control birds. A properly-balanced (fibre, energy, amino acids) nutritional dose of the dried wheat decoction may be used as a good energy-protein component in feed mixtures for broilers. It is a rational means of DDGS management which is, simultaneously, a cheaper substitute for soybean meal.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary supplementation of seaweed (Ulva lactuca) and Azolla on growth performance, haematological and serum biochemical parameters of Aseel chicken

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijayalingam Thavasi Alagan ◽  
Rajesh Nakulan Vatsala ◽  
Ilavarasan Sagadevan ◽  
Vairamuthu Subbiah ◽  
Venkataramanan Ragothaman
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ulva Lactuca ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Serum Biochemical

Abstract Background An effort was made to assess the effectiveness of dietary supplementation of Ulva lactuca (U. lactuca), a seaweed and Azolla individually and in combination on different physiological parameters of Aseel chicken. A total of 40 Aseel chicks of 8 weeks old were allocated into four groups, C1 (control), T1 (Azolla alone), T2 (seaweed alone) and T3 (seaweed plus Azolla). Aseel chicks in C1 were fed with formulated grower feed alone, birds in T1 had control diet with 5% Azolla, birds in T2 had control diet with 3% U. lactuca and birds in T3 had control diet admixtured with 5% of Azolla and 3% of U. lactuca. Parameters were recorded for a continuous period of 2 months in 15 days interval. Results The growth performance was found to be significant (P ≤ 0.05) during 30 days of feed trials and highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) during 45 and 60 days of treatment. Birds in T3 had a higher body weight gain, shank length and feed conversion efficiency followed with T1 and T2 compared to C1. PCV, RBC, WBC and heterophil counts were not influenced (P ≥ 0.05) by dietary treatments. Uric acid, creatinine, AST, glucose, triglycerides and magnesium levels revealed a high significant (P ≤ 0.01) variation, and cholesterol level showed significant (P ≤ 0.05) changes during 30th and 60th day of feed trials between the control and treatment groups. Total protein, globulin, phosphorus and electrolytes like Na, K and Cl levels were not significant (P ≥ 0.05) during 30th day and were highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) during the 60th day of the trial. Conclusions It could be noted that inclusion of U. lactuca and Azolla as feed supplement in grower chicken had a better body weight gain when given in combination (U. lactuca and Azolla) rather than supplemented with the sole entity. Based on the haematological and serum biochemical analysis, the supplementation of U. lactuca and Azolla at the levels included in this trial did not pose any threat to the physiological well-being of Aseel chicken.

Effect of Yeast Type and Dose on Growth Performance and Nutrient Digestibility of Growing Rabbits Fed Maize or Barley

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr M.A. Elmasry ◽  
Luis A. Miranda ◽  
Germán Mendoza ◽  
Fernando X. Plata
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Yeast Concentration

Background: The effects of the probiotics vary with the doses and strains used for this reason, a study was conducted over 35 days to determine the effect of live yeast supplementation in the diet of growing rabbits on growth performance and apparent nutrient digestibility.Methods: A total of 60 New Zealand and California rabbits (5 weeks old, average body weight 0.881±0.015 kg) were housed in 30 cages. They were fed with a control diet based on alfalfa and maize or barley grains and supplemented with Procreatin®7 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I 1077) or Biosaf® SC47 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCYC Sc47) at three doses, namely 0, 6.4, or 12.8 ×109 CFU per kg basal diet.Result: The higher yeast concentration had a positive effect (P less than 0.01) on final body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG) and carcass weight (CW). However, there were no significant differences in dry matter intake. As a result of this, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) decreased (P less than 0.01). Significant increases (P less than 0.05) in nutrient digestibility (DM, OM, NDF and ADF) were observed with both grains. The use of yeast in maize and barley-based diets of rabbits has positive effects on growth performance and nutrient digestibility.

Supplementation of a low protein diet in an attempt to optimize egg mass output

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Summers ◽  
J. L. Atkinson ◽  
D. Spratt
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
Low Protein

Pullets were brought into production on a low-protein corn, soybean meal diet to which various nutrients including essential amino acids, choline, corn oil and feathermeal were supplemented. Production commenced between 18 and 20 wk of age and up to at least 60% production, hens fed the low protein diets (10% CP) produced at least as many eggs and as great an egg mass as these given a 17% protein corn, soybean meal control diet. Pullets fed the corn, soybean meal test diets, peaked at around 80% as compared to slightly over 90% for the control. Egg production immediately fell for birds fed the test diets to around 70% for most of the test treatments. Body weight remained constant or fell after peak production for birds fed the test diets as compared to a normal increase for birds on the control diet. Egg size increased for the test diets at a rate which was comparable to that of the control birds. In a second experiment, with older hens, supplementation of the 10% protein test diet with methionine, lysine, arginine and tryptophan, resulted in intakes of these amino acids which met NRC minimum requirement levels. However, egg mass output was reduced approximately 11% compared to the 17% protein control diet. While intakes of several essential amino acids fell below requirement levels, the degree that valine was calculated to be deficient in both experiments corresponded closely with the reduction in egg mass output of hens fed the test as compared to the control diet. Key words: Lysine, methionine, egg weight, body weight, hens.

scholarly journals Nutritional Evaluation of Crambe Meal as a Partial Replacement of Soybean Meal in Nile Tilapia Diets

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamilton Hisano ◽  
Pamela Souza de Pietro ◽  
Márcia Mayumi Ishikawa ◽  
Alex Júnio da Silva Cardoso ◽  
Arielle Cristina Arena
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Crambe Meal ◽  
Total Plasma Protein ◽  
Fillet Yield

Abstract This study evaluated the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of crambe meal (CM) and its potential to partially replace soybean meal (SM) protein in Nile tilapia diets. The ADC for dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, energy, amino acids, calcium and phosphorus of CM were assessed in fish (n=80; 65.30 ± 5.32 g). Subsequently, an 80-day feeding trial was conducted with Nile tilapia (n=140; 6.04 ± 0.25 g) randomly distributed in 20 experimental cages (70 L; seven fish cage-1) allocated in five circular tanks (1000 L) in recirculation water system, to evaluate the effects of replacement of SM by CM (0, 6, 12, 18 and 24% in isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets) on growth, blood parameters, fillet yield and proximal composition. The CM shows good digestibility of protein (0.824) and amino acids (0.844) by Nile tilapia and its inclusion in the diet does not affect carcass and fillet yield or proximal composition. Fish fed diets with 24.0% of the SM replaced by CM showed the worst weight gain and feed conversion rate. The protein efficiency ratio decreased in fish fed diets with 12.0, 18.0 and 24.0% of the SM replaced by CM. Hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, total plasma protein, glucose and alanine aminotransferase enzyme activity trend to increase at highest levels of CM in the diet. In conclusion, CM has potential to replace SM in Nile tilapia diets, due to high digestibility of protein and amino acids. However, anti-nutritional factors present in untreated CM interfere on the growth and nutrient utilization of Nile tilapia.

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