Effect of Fermented Cottonseed Meal on the Lipid-Related Indices and Serum Metabolic Profiles in Broiler Chickens

This study aimed to investigate the changes of lipid-related gene and serum metabolites in broiler chickens fed with fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM) diet, through quantitative real-time PCR and metabolomics analysis. Totally, 180 1-day-old Cobb broilers were randomly assigned to two groups with six replicates of 15 birds in each. The two diets consisted of a control diet supplemented with 0% FCSM (CON group) and an experimental diet with 6% FCSM (fermented by Candida tropicalis) replacing the soybean meal (FCSM group). The results showed that both abdominal fat content and subcutaneous fat thickness significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in response to dietary FCSM supplementation at the age of 21 d. Serum concentrations of glucose, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased (p < 0.05) in FCSM fed broilers compared with CON fed broilers, while the levels of epinephrine and growth hormone in serum, liver and abdominal fat tissue were higher (p < 0.05) in FCSM than in CON fed broilers. The activity of hormone-sensitive esterase and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in the liver and abdominal fat were higher (p < 0.05) in FCSM than CON group. Additionally, compared with the CON group (p < 0.05), the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and LPL genes were upregulated in the livers of FCSM group broilers. Gene expressions of hormone-sensitive lipase and LPL in the abdominal fat tissue were also upregulated (p < 0.05) with the broilers fed with FCSM diets. A total of 20 significantly different metabolites were obtained in the serum of different dietary FCSM supplemented fed broilers. The mainly altered pathways were clustered into organic acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. These results not only provide a better understanding of broilers’ lipid metabolism with FCSM but also can be helpful in further improvement of the broilers’ healthy production and utilization of FCSM.

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Molecular analysis of intestinal bacterial microbiota of broiler chickens fed diets containing fermented cottonseed meal

Poultry Science ◽

10.3382/ps.2012-02533 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 92 (2) ◽

pp. 392-401 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

H. Sun ◽

J.W. Tang ◽

C.L. Fang ◽

X.H. Yao ◽

Y.F. Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cottonseed Meal ◽

Molecular Analysis ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Bacterial Microbiota ◽

Fermented Cottonseed Meal

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Administering probiotic yakult + tape yeast into the mixture of rice and corn bran as partial replacement of commercial diet affects the carcass yield of broiler chickens

Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan ◽

10.21776/ub.jiip.2021.031.01.06 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 42-51

Author(s):

Zulfan Zulfan ◽

Herawati Latif ◽

Muhammad Aman Yaman ◽

Cut Aida Fitri ◽

Muhammad Haris Munandar

Keyword(s):

Broiler Chickens ◽

Control Diet ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Partial Replacement ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Carcass Yield ◽

Commercial Diet ◽

Corn Bran

The residue originated from antibiotics and hormones had been thought to carry out adverse effects for the human who consume meat processed from the broilers treated by antibiotic feed additive. For this reason, using an alternative additive such as probiotic might produce healthier meat. The objective of the recent study was to evaluate administering different levels of probiotic yakult + tape yeast (YTy) into the mixing of rice bran + corn bran (RCB) to replace 30% of the commercial diet to carcass yield and abdominal fat of broilers. As many as 100 broiler chicks, Cobb strain, were reared up to 5 weeks in this study. The study was designed into a Completely Randomized Design with subsampling consisted of 5 treatments, 4 replications, and 2 sub samples. Broiler commercial diet with the market code of CP 511 Hi-provite manufactured by PT Charoen Pokphand was used for a positive control diet (P0+). The RCB feeds were mixed with 0, 10, 20, and 30 ml/kg of probiotic YTy then being used to replace 30% of the commercial diet to build experimental diets P0-, P1, P2, and P3, respectively. The results of the recent study indicated that administering 10‒30 ml/kg of probiotic YTy highly significantly (P<0.01) increased the weights of the whole carcass and carcass parts. The percentages of whole carcasses among P1, P2, and P3, however, were not statistically different. The percentage of the breast significantly (P<0.05) increased while the percentage of the back significantly (P<0.05) decreased. Although statistically not significant differences, the abdominal fat percentage tended to decline. In conclusion, administering a probiotic YTy in the diet increased the percentage of the whole carcass and tended to reduce the abdominal fat of the broiler.

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Effects of fermented cottonseed meal on the growth performance, gastrointestinal microflora population and small intestinal morphology in broiler chickens

British Poultry Science ◽

10.1080/00071668.2017.1315051 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 58 (4) ◽

pp. 402-408 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

V. Jazi ◽

F. Boldaji ◽

B. Dastar ◽

S. R. Hashemi ◽

A. Ashayerizadeh

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Cottonseed Meal ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Intestinal Morphology ◽

Small Intestinal ◽

Fermented Cottonseed Meal ◽

Gastrointestinal Microflora

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Pengaruh Pemberian Tepung Daun Kayambang (Salvinia molesta) terhadap Bobot Hidup, Persentase Lemak Abdominal dan Profil Lemak Darah Ayam Broiler

Sains Peternakan ◽

10.20961/sainspet.12.2.86-93 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 86

Author(s):

T. Setiawati, ◽

U. Atmomarsono ◽

B. Dwiloka

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Control Diet ◽

Live Weight ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Salvinia Molesta ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Blood Lipid Profile ◽

Leaf Meal

The study aimed to determine the effect of kayambang leaves flour (Salvinia molesta) as a<br />constituent of broiler ration that contain omega-3 fatty acids, on body weight, percentage of abdominal fat and blood lipid profile including High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and Low Density Lipropotein (LDL). The material used was 100 broiler chickens unsexied 15 days old with an average a body weight of 500 ± 6.99g. Ration treatment consisted of T0 (ration without Salvinia molesta leaf meal); T1 (ration with Salvinia molesta leaf meal 6 % ); T2 (ration with Salvinia molesta leaf meal 12 %); and T3 (ration with Salvinia molesta leaf meal 18 % ). The results of the study showed Salvinia molesta leaf meal in the ration of broiler chickens affect (P< 0.05) body weight. Treatment T1,T2 and T3 showed decreases compared with the control diet (T0). Abdominal fat percentage showed no significant differences (P <0.05). Increase in LDL from control to treatment and decrease HDL were found in this experiment. The conclusion states that the provision of Salvinia molesta flour up to 18 % decreased the live weight of broiler, but did not decrease abdominal fat percentage. The LDL blood was increased and HDL was decreased due to addition of Salvinia molesta flour.<br />Key words: Salvinia molesta, broiler chicken, fat, blood

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Molecular mechanisms underlying regional variations of catecholamine-induced lipolysis in rat adipocytes

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.1995.268.6.e1135 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 268 (6) ◽

pp. E1135-E1142 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

G. Tavernier ◽

J. Galitzky ◽

P. Valet ◽

A. Remaury ◽

A. Bouloumie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Fat Depots ◽

White Adipocytes ◽

Adrenoceptor Agonists ◽

Hormone Sensitive ◽

Beta 2 ◽

Fat Depot

The mechanisms underlying catecholamine control of lipolysis were studied in rat white adipocytes from epididymal, retroperitoneal, and subcutaneous fat depots. Sensitivity of subcutaneous adipocytes to selective beta 3-adrenoceptor agonists was lower than that of internal adipocytes. beta 3-Adrenoceptor mRNA levels were lower in subcutaneous adipocytes. A decreased beta 1/beta 2-adrenoceptor-mediated lipolysis was also observed in these adipocytes, and the number of beta 1/beta 2-adrenoceptors was lower than in the internal adipocytes. The number of alpha 2-adrenoceptors was higher in subcutaneous adipocytes without a marked difference in alpha 2-adrenoceptor-mediated antilipolysis between the depots. Subcutaneous adipocytes were also characterized by a lower maximal lipolytic response to drugs acting at different levels of the lipolytic cascade, suggesting differences at the postreceptor level. Lower hormone-sensitive lipase activity and mRNA levels in subcutaneous adipocytes were in agreement with the lipolysis data. These results suggest that the pattern of expression of the genes of the lipolytic pathway varies with the anatomic location of the fat depot.

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Impacts of Dietary Protein from Fermented Cottonseed Meal on Lipid Metabolism and Metabolomic Profiling in the Serum of Broilers

Current Protein and Peptide Science ◽

10.2174/1389203721666200203152643 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (8) ◽

pp. 812-820

Author(s):

Cunxi Nie ◽

Yongqiang Wang ◽

Yanfeng Liu ◽

Jiancheng Liu ◽

Wenxia Ge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Cottonseed Meal ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Fatty Acid Synthase ◽

Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽

Control Group ◽

Essential Information ◽

Fermented Cottonseed Meal

Dietary protein from fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM), widely used in poultry diets in China, had regulating effects on lipid metabolism. To understand the effects of FCSM on lipid metabolism in broilers, we analyzed the biochemical indexes, enzyme activity, hormone level and metabolites in serum responses to FCSM intake. One hundred and eighty 21-d-old Chinese yellow feathered broilers (536.07±4.43 g) were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates and 3 diets with 6 % supplementation of unfermented CSM (control group), FCSM by C. Tropicalis (Ct CSM) or C. tropicalis plus S. Cerevisae (Ct-Sc CSM). Result showed that: (1) FCSM intake decreased significantly the content of triglyceride (TAG), total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P<0.05) in serum; (2) FCSM intake could significantly increase enzyme activity of acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), fatty acid synthase (FAS) and hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) (P<0.05); (3) Ct-Sc CSM intake increased significantly the levels of adiponectin (ADP) (P<0.05); (4) FCSM intake caused significant metabolic changes involving glycolysis, TCA cycle, synthesis of fatty acid and glycogen, and metabolism of glycerolipid, vitamins B group and amino acids. Our results strongly suggested that FCSM intake could significantly affect lipid metabolism via multiple pathways. These findings provided new essential information about the effect of FCSM on broilers and demonstrated the great potential of nutrimetabolomics, through which the research complex nutrients are included in animal diet.

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Direct and maternal reduced balanced protein diet influences the liver transcriptome in chickens

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114520003785 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-23

Author(s):

M. Schroyen ◽

J. Lesuisse ◽

C. Lamberigts ◽

S. Schallier ◽

C. Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acid Metabolism ◽

Control Diet ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Transgenerational Effect ◽

Muscle Weight ◽

Broiler Breeder ◽

Liver Transcriptome ◽

F1 Progeny ◽

F1 Generation

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate, by means of RNA-sequencing, the direct and transgenerational effect of a reduced balanced protein diet on broiler breeder metabolism. Chickens of the F0 generation were fed a control (C) or reduced balanced protein (RP) diet and their F1 progeny was fed a C or RP diet as well, resulting in four groups of chickens, C/C, C/RP, RP/C and RP/RP. While both a direct and a maternal effect were seen on body weight, breast muscle weight and abdominal fat weight in the F1 generation, the direct effect was the most dominant one. The liver transcriptome in the F1 generation showed that amino acid metabolism was upregulated in chickens that received control feed when compared to their respective contemporaries that received the reduced protein diet. Interestingly, chickens hatched from control fed hens but reared on reduced protein diet (C/RP group) activated a fatty acid metabolism, expressing more FADS1, FADS2 and ELOVL2, when compared to control fed chickens hatched from control fed hens (C/C group), while chickens hatched from reduced protein fed hens that received themselves the same reduced protein diet (RP/RP group) triggered their glucose metabolism more, showing elevated levels of PFKL, PFKFB4 and ALDOC mRNA compared to the chickens hatched from reduced protein fed hens but reared on a control diet (RP/C group). This suggests that the maternal protein diet has an impact on the metabolism of broilers when they are reared on a reduced balanced protein diet.

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Evaluation of naked oat (Avena nuda) in the broiler chicken diet

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas93-041 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 73 (2) ◽

pp. 393-399 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

N. A. Cave ◽

V. D. Burrows

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Broiler Chicken ◽

Control Diet ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

Broiler Performance ◽

Naked Oat ◽

Avena Nuda ◽

Grower Diet ◽

Better Than

Broiler chickens were fed starter diets containing 0, 250 or 500 g kg−1 naked oat and, from 29 to 40 d of age, grower diets with 0, 250, 500 or 750 g kg−1 naked oat. All diets included an enteric antibiotic and water-miscible forms of vitamins A, D, E and K. Broiler performance, as evaluated by weight gain and feed:gain ratio, was as good as or better than the corn-soy control diet with up to 500 g kg−1 naked oat in the starter diets. A starter-by-grower diet interaction showed that weight gain was independent of oat level in the grower diet of birds previously fed naked oat, but gain was impaired by higher levels of oat following an oat-free starter diet. Carcass quality improved with increasing oat level in the starter diet by a decrease in abdominal fat and a decrease in oxidation of thigh meat lipids. Key words: Oat (naked), growth, carcass fat, broiler chicken

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Performance and physiological parameters in broilers fed different enzyme complexes

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4supl1p2765 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽

pp. 2765

Author(s):

Thiago Dos Santos Andrade ◽

Ricardo Vianna Nunes ◽

Idiana Mara da Silva ◽

Lucas Wachholz ◽

Vitor Barbosa Fascina

Keyword(s):

Broiler Chickens ◽

Control Diet ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

Negative Control ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Enzyme Complex ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Blood Profile ◽

Carcass Yield ◽

Protease Enzyme

The effects of enzyme supplementation on the performance, yield, and blood profile of broilers fed corn and soybean diets from 1 to 42 days of age were evaluated. A total of 960 male broilers were used, distributed in a completely randomized design, with six treatments and eight replications. Two diets were used: a positive control formulated to meet the birds’ nutritional requirements (Diet 1) and a negative control diet with reduction of 150 kcal.kg-1 of metabolizable energy (Diet 2) and 12% amino acid in the initial phase and 18% during the growing and finishing phases. Further diets were based on the negative control with enzymes: enzyme complex 1, composed of 125 g ton-1 protease; enzyme complex 2, composed of 100 g ton-1 amylase, protease, and xylanase; enzyme complex 3, composed of 500 g ton-1 amylase, protease, and xylanase; and enzyme complex 4, composed of 125 g ton-1 protease and 500 g ton-1 beta-mannanase. Enzymatic supplementation did not improve performance during the initial and growing phases due to nutritional imbalance, resulting in the worst weight gain and feed conversion during the finishing phase. Carcass yield, leg yield, abdominal fat, and pancreas were altered by enzymatic supplementation. Triglyceride levels influenced abdominal fat deposition, and the serum levels of albumin and alanine aminotransferase were altered by enzymatic supplementation. Enzymatic supplementation was not effective in restoring broiler performance, carcass yield, and cuts, with changes in the serum biochemical profile of the broiler chickens.

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