scholarly journals The Effect of Sociodemographic Factors, Parity and Cervical Cancer on Antibiotic Treatment for Uncomplicated Cystitis in Women: A Nationwide Cohort Study

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1389
Author(s):  
Filip Jansåker ◽  
Xinjun Li ◽  
Jenny Dahl Knudsen ◽  
Veronica Milos Nymberg ◽  
Kristina Sundquist
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Lower Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Uncomplicated Cystitis

Background: Uncomplicated cystitis is one of the most common reasons for antibiotic treatment in otherwise healthy women. Nationwide studies on antibiotic treatment for this infection and in relation to factors beyond the infection itself have hitherto not been available. Methods: This was a nationwide open cohort study consisting of 352,507 women aged 15–50 years with uncomplicated cystitis (2006–2018). The outcome was a redeemed antibiotic prescription within five days from the cystitis diagnosis. Logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between the outcome and the predictor variables. Results: This study identified 192,065 redeemed treatments (54.5%). Several sociodemographic variables were associated with antibiotic treatment. For example, women with the lowest income had an odds ratio (OR) of 1.26 (95% CI 1.23–1.28) compared to those with the highest income. History of cervical cancer and high parity were also associated with lower treatment rates. Conclusion: This study presents novel factors beyond the infection which seem to affect the antibiotic treatment for uncomplicated cystitis in women. Future studies to investigate possible mechanisms are warranted in order to properly use our findings. This may help healthcare workers and planners to provide a more equal treatment plan for this common infection, which may reduce misuse of antibiotics, decrease costs and improve efforts against antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Prognosis of patients with COVID-19 admitted to a tertiary center in Chile: A cohort study

Medwave ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. e8066-e8066
Author(s):  
Miguel Araujo ◽  
Paola Ossandón ◽  
Ana María Abarca ◽  
Ana María Menjiba ◽  
Ana María Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
History Of ◽  
Blood Gas Parameters

Introduction Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, extensive research has been done on the prognosis of patients with SARS-CoV-2 associated with age, biodemographic conditions, comorbidities, social factors, clinical parameters, inflammatory blood markers, coagulation, biochemical and blood gas parameters, among others. Few studies have addressed this problem in Latin America, so it is of interest to know how the disease plays out in this region. Objective The purpose of our study is to evaluate the course of COVID-19 in patients admitted to a tertiary center in Chile and to assess factors measured close to hospital admission that may be associated with death and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods We did a retrospective cohort study at Indisa Clinic in Santiago, Chile. We included all patients aged 15 years and older hospitalized between March 11 and July 25, 2020. Hospital mortality and severity of the cases were analyzed, and logistic regression models were applied to identify predictors of outcome variables. Results The sample included 785 subjects. The mean age was 59 years, 59% were men, and 61.3% had comorbidities. Forty five per cent required intensive care, and 24% invasive mechanical ventilation. The overall hospital fatality rate was 18.7%. In intensive care patients, the case fatality was 32.1%, and in those who received invasive mechanical ventilation, it was 59.4%. Independent risk factors for death included age (odds ratio 1.09; 95% confidence interval: 1.07 to 1.12), diabetes (1.68; 1.06 to 2.67), chronic lung disease (2.80; 1.48 to 5.28), increased C-reactive protein, creatinine, and ferritin. No association with sex, public health insurance, history of heart disease, oxygen saturation upon admission, or D-dimer was found. Similar factors were predictors of invasive mechanical ventilation. Discussion The prognosis and predictive factors in this cohort of patients hospitalized in Chile for COVID-19 were comparable to those reported in similar studies from higher-income countries. Male sex was not associated with a poor prognosis in this group of patients.

Dysplasia and the natural history of cervical cancer: Early results of the Toronto cohort study

1991 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1411-1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Narod ◽  
D.W. Thompson ◽  
M. Jain ◽  
Claus Wall ◽  
Lois M. Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Early Results ◽  
History Of

Characteristics and Outcome of Newly Diagnosed Immune Thrombocytopenia in Adults: Results from a Nationwide Prospective Cohort Study

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 3475-3475
Author(s):  
Bertrand Godeau ◽  
Marc Michel ◽  
Lamiae Grimaldi-Bensouda ◽  
Lucien Abenhaim ◽  
Clementine Nordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Immune Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
History Of

Abstract Objectives The objectives of the study were (1) to describe the clinical features of adult patients presenting with an immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), (2) to explore the predictors of chronicity and (3) to determine whether a family history of autoimmune disorder was a risk factor of ITP. Methods An observational prospective cohort study was conducted in France nationwide. During more than two years, 21 participating physicians from haematology centres recruited all consecutive adults of 18 years old or above, diagnosed with an incident episode of ITP. Data were collected at baseline and 12 months, regarding socio-demographic characteristics, personal and familial medical history, clinical and biological signs of ITP and its medical management, left at the discretion of each physician. Data were collected after 12 months clinical, biological signs of ITP and current medication, from which the outcome was derived: chronicity or recovery. Predictors of chronicity at baseline were explored using univariate logistic regression models, providing the Odds Ratio (OR) and their 95% Confidence Intervals (95%CI). To explore whether having a history of autoimmune disorder in first-degree relative was a risk factor of developing an ITP, referent-patients were drawn from a general practice setting database and matched to ITP-patients (10-1). The risk of developing an ITP was explored using univariate conditional logistic regression models, providing the OR and their 95%CI. Results 153 patients were included over a 28-month period: 94 (61%) patients were female, mean age was 48 years (SD=18.8), and 128 (84%) presented with bleeding symptoms at diagnosis. The median platelet count was 10×109/L. An initial treatment was required in nearly 90% of patients. After 12 months, only 36% of patients were cured without receiving any disease-modifying treatment. The baseline predictors of chronicity at 12 months were a lower platelet count (OR, 1.0; 95%CI, 1.0-1.2) and mucocutaneous bleeding (OR, 0.3; 95%CI, 0.1-1.0). No significant association was found between a history of autoimmune disorder in a first degree relative or the presence of anti-nuclear antibodies and the risk of developing a chronic ITP. Conclusions ITP in adults affects patients with a wide age range, mainly female. ITP is a serious disease in adults with a chronic evolution in a majority of patients that is in contrast with children. Low platelet count and severity of bleeding at the diagnosis were associated with a lower risk of chronic evolution. Disclosures Godeau: Roche: Research Funding; Amgen: Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau. Grimaldi-Bensouda:LASER: Consultancy, Other: LASER provide consultancy to various pharma industry (virtually all). Abenhaim:LASER: Employment, Other: LASER provide consultancy to various pharma industry (virtually all). Haioun:Roche: Honoraria.

Case Exercise: Toxic Exposure-Related Illness: Causation, Diagnosis, and Permanent Impairment

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
Frederick Fung
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Level ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Toxic Exposure ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Specialty Board ◽  
History Of ◽  
Subjective Complaints ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Illness Causation ◽  
Rule Out

Abstract A diagnosis of toxic-related injury/illness requires a consideration of the illness related to the toxic exposure, including diagnosis, causation, and permanent impairment; these are best performed by a physician who is certified by a specialty board certified by the American Board of Preventive Medicine. The patient must have a history of symptoms consistent with the exposure and disease at issue. In order to diagnose the presence of a specific disease, the examiner must find subjective complaints that are consistent with the objective findings, and both the subjective complaints and objective findings must be consistent with the disease that is postulated. Exposure to a specific potentially causative agent at a defined concentration level must be documented and must be sufficient to induce a particular pathology in order to establish a diagnosis. Differential diagnoses must be entertained in order to rule out other potential causes, including psychological etiology. Furthermore, the identified exposure at the defined concentration level must be capable of causing the diagnosis being postulated before the examiner can conclude that there has been a cause-and-effect relationship between the exposure and the disease (dose-response relationship). The evaluator's opinion should make biological and epidemiological sense. The treatment plan and prognosis should be consistent with evidence-based medicine, and the rating of impairment must be based on objective findings in involved systems.

Natural history of helicobacter pylori infection from infancy to adulthood: A 21-year follow-up cohort study

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A128-A128 ◽  
Author(s):  
H MALATY ◽  
D GRAHAM ◽  
A ELKASABANY ◽  
S REDDY ◽  
S SRINIVASAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
History Of

Gambaran Pengetahuan Remaja Tentang Ca Serviks Dan Perilaku Pencegahan Ca Serviks Di Sma Negeri Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang Tahun 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuni Kurniati Yuni Kurniati
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cervical Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
Birth Control Pills ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT   According to the World Health Organization (WHO), every two minutes a woman dies of cervical cancer in develoving countries. In Indonesia, new cases of cervical cancer is 40-45 cases of day. It is estimated every hour, a women died of cervical center. At the general hospital center Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang, the incidence of women who had cervical cancer incidence year 2011 women who had cervical cancer incidence are 34 people (48,2%). The following factors increase the chance of cervical cancer in women is infection of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), sexsual behavior, family history of cervical cancer, age, mechanism of how oral contraceptives, smoking, income or socioeconomic status, race , unhealthy diet, the cell abnormal, parity, use of the drug DES (Dietilsbestrol), and birth control pills. The purpose of this study is known of adolescents about cervical cancer in SMA Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang year 2016. This study used Analytic Survey with Cross Sectional approach. The population in this study were all young women students in SMA Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang with the number of 171 respondents. The results showed there were 171 respondents (37.5%) of respondents were knowledgeable, and (62.52%) of respondents who are knowledgeable unfavorable. These results indicate that knowledgeable either less than those less knowledgeable in both the SMA Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang Year 2016. From these results, it is expected that more teens can know about cervical cancer so that it can add a lot of insight and knowledge.     ABSTRAK   Menurut data World Health Organization (WHO), setiap dua menit wanita meninggal dunia karena kanker serviks dinegara berkembang. Di Indonesia, kasus baru kanker serviks 40-45 kasus perhari. Di perkirakan setiap satu jam, seorang perempuan meninggal dunia karena kanker serviks. Di rumah sakit umum pusat Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang, angka kejadian ibu yang mengalami kanker serviks pada tahun 2011 ibu yang mengalami kejadian kanker serviks terdapat 34 orang (48,2%). Faktor-faktor berikut meningkat kan peluang kanker serviks pada wanita yaitu infeksi Human Papiloma virus (HPV), perilaku seks, riwayat keluarga kanker serviks, umur ,mekanisme bagaimana kontrasepsi peroral, merokok, pendapatan atau status social ekonomi, ras, diet tidak sehat, adanya sel abnormal, paritas, menggunakan obat DES (Dietilsbestrol),dan pil KB. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Diketahuinya pengetahuan remaja tentang Ca Cerviks di SMA Negeri Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang Tahun 2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey  analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua siswi remaja putri di SMA Negeri Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang dengan jumlah 171 responden.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 171 responden terdapat(37.5 %) responden yang berpengetahuan baik, dan (62.52  %) responden yang berpengetahuan kurang baik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa yang berpengetahuan baik lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan  yang berpengetahuan kurang baik di SMA Negeri Tebing Tinggi Empat Lawang Tahun 2016. Dari hasil penelitian ini, Diharapkan remaja bisa lebih banyak mengetahui tentang caserviks sehingga dapat menambah banyak wawasan dan pengetahuan.    

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