scholarly journals Isoprostanes in Veterinary Medicine: Beyond a Biomarker

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Ashley K. Putman ◽  
G. Andres Contreras ◽  
Lorraine M. Sordillo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Biological Action ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Animal Medicine ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Oxidized Products ◽  
Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

Oxidative stress has been associated with many pathologies, in both human and animal medicine. Damage to tissue components such as lipids is a defining feature of oxidative stress and can lead to the generation of many oxidized products, including isoprostanes (IsoP). First recognized in the early 1990s, IsoP are formed in numerous biological fluids and tissues, chemically stable, and easily measured by noninvasive means. Additionally, IsoP are highly specific indicators of lipid peroxidation and thereby are regarded as excellent biomarkers of oxidative stress. Although there have been many advancements in the detection and use of IsoP as a biomarker, there is still a paucity of knowledge regarding the biological activity of these molecules and their potential roles in pathology of oxidative stress. Furthermore, the use of IsoP has been limited in veterinary species thus far and represents an avenue of opportunity for clinical applications in veterinary practice. Examples of clinical applications of IsoP in veterinary medicine include use as a novel biomarker to guide treatment recommendations or as a target to mitigate inflammatory processes. This review will discuss the history, biosynthesis, measurement, use as a biomarker, and biological action of IsoP, particularly in the context of veterinary medicine.

scholarly journals The Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization and Fusarium culmorum Inoculation on the Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Wheat Flag Leaves

Poljoprivreda ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Magdalena Matić ◽  
◽  
Rosemary Vuković ◽  
Karolina Vrandečić ◽  
Ivna Štolfa Čamagajevac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

During cultivation, wheat is exposed to several abiotic and/or biotic stress conditions that may adversely impact the wheat yield and quality. The impact of abiotic stress caused by nitrogen deficiency and biotic stress caused by phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium culmorum on biomarkers of oxidative stress in the flag leaf of nine winter wheat varieties (Ficko, U-1, Galloper, BC Mandica, BC Opsesija, Ingenio, Isengrain, Felix, and Bezostaya-1) was analyzed in this study. Hydrogen peroxide concentration and lipid peroxidation level were measured as indicators of oxidative stress, while the antioxidant response was determined by measuring the concentration of phenolic compounds and activities of antioxidant enzymes. Wheat variety and nitrogen treatment had a significant effect on all examined biomarkers of oxidative stress in the flag leaf, while the impact of Fusarium treatment was less pronounced. The most significant impact on the measured stress biomarkers had a low nitrogen level, which mainly increased hydrogen peroxide concentration and lipid peroxidation level and decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes in most varieties. The obtained results were discussed and compared with the previous study in which biochemical analyzes were performed on the wheat spike. There was no significant strong correlation between flag leaf and spike response in the measured parameters, which, in addition to the variety-specific response, also indicates a tissue-specific antioxidant response.

scholarly journals Lipid Peroxidation-Derived Aldehydes, 4-Hydroxynonenal and Malondialdehyde in Aging-Related Disorders

Antioxidants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Barrera ◽  
Stefania Pizzimenti ◽  
Martina Daga ◽  
Chiara Dianzani ◽  
Alessia Arcaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Second Messengers ◽  
Biological Macromolecules ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Distinct Cell ◽  
Reactive Aldehydes

Among the various mechanisms involved in aging, it was proposed long ago that a prominent role is played by oxidative stress. A major way by which the latter can provoke structural damage to biological macromolecules, such as DNA, lipids, and proteins, is by fueling the peroxidation of membrane lipids, leading to the production of several reactive aldehydes. Lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes can not only modify biological macromolecules, by forming covalent electrophilic addition products with them, but also act as second messengers of oxidative stress, having relatively extended lifespans. Their effects might be further enhanced with aging, as their concentrations in cells and biological fluids increase with age. Since the involvement and the role of lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes, particularly of 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), in neurodegenerations, inflammation, and cancer, has been discussed in several excellent recent reviews, in the present one we focus on the involvement of reactive aldehydes in other age-related disorders: osteopenia, sarcopenia, immunosenescence and myelodysplastic syndromes. In these aging-related disorders, characterized by increases of oxidative stress, both HNE and malondialdehyde (MDA) play important pathogenic roles. These aldehydes, and HNE in particular, can form adducts with circulating or cellular proteins of critical functional importance, such as the proteins involved in apoptosis in muscle cells, thus leading to their functional decay and acceleration of their molecular turnover and functionality. We suggest that a major fraction of the toxic effects observed in age-related disorders could depend on the formation of aldehyde-protein adducts. New redox proteomic approaches, pinpointing the modifications of distinct cell proteins by the aldehydes generated in the course of oxidative stress, should be extended to these age-associated disorders, to pave the way to targeted therapeutic strategies, aiming to alleviate the burden of morbidity and mortality associated with these disturbances.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Spin-Labeled 1-Ethyl-1-nitrosourea against Oxidative Stress in Liver Induced by Antitumor Drugs and Radiation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Gadjeva ◽  
B. Grigorov ◽  
G. Nikolova ◽  
A. Tolekova ◽  
A. Zheleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Antitumor Drugs ◽  
Protection Effect ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
Liver Injuries ◽  
Liver Homogenates ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

This study was carried out to investigate possible protection effect of 1-ethyl-3-[4-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl)]-1-nitrosourea (SLENU), synthesized in our laboratory, against oxidative liver injuries induced in mice treated by antitumor drugs: doxorubicin (DOX), bleomycin (BLM), or gamma irradiation (R). Specifically, alterations in some biomarkers of oxidative stress, such as lipid peroxidation products measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and activities of the antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), were studied in liver homogenates isolated from tumor bearing C57 black mice after i.p. treatment with solutions of DOX (60 mg/kg), BLM (60 mg/kg), or after total body gamma-irradiation with a single dose of 5 Gy. The same biomarkers were also measured after i.p. pretreatment of mice with SLENU (100 mg/kg). Statistical significant increased MDA levels and SOD and CAT enzymes activities were found in the liver homogenates of tumor bearing mice after alone treatment with DOX or gamma-irradiation compared to the control mice, while these parameters were insignificantly increased after BLM administration compared to the same controls.

scholarly journals Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Children Born Small for Gestational Age: Evidence of Lipid Peroxidation

2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria C P Franco ◽  
Elisa M Kawamoto ◽  
Renata Gorjão ◽  
Viviani M F Rastelli ◽  
Rui Curi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

Determination of NRF2 and GSTM1 Expression and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress on Smoking and Nonsmoking Sperm: A Pilot study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasim Bidram ◽  
Amir Nili-Ahmadabadi ◽  
Iraj Javadi ◽  
Seyedmahdi Tabatabaei
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

Background and Aims: Smoking has an influence on different semen parameters. It is regarded as a risk factor for infertility. This study aims to evaluate the effect of smoking cigarettes on the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 (GSTM1) genes and biomarkers of oxidative stress in sperm. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 15 men smoker (case) and 15 men nonsmokers (control) who had referred to infertility clinics in Isfahan, Iran. After sampling and analysis of semen quality parameters, gene expression of NRF2 and GSTM1 was determined using a Real time-polymerase chain reaction instrument. The lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were evaluated by colorimetric methods. Results: Sperm concentration and their progressive motility in smokers were significantly lower than the nonsmoker population (p<0.001). In addition, the lipid peroxidation level increased and TAC level (p<0.01) as well as gene expression of NRF2 (p<0.05) and GSTM1 (p<0.01) decreased compared to control groups. Conclusions: Our data demonstrated that the NRF2 and GSMT1 expressions are significantly lower in human males with low sperm motility and correlated with specific sperm quality parameters.

Effect of Combined G6PD Deficiency and Diabetes on Protein Oxidation and Lipid Peroxidation.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naif S Karadsheh ◽  
Nisreen A. Quttaineh ◽  
Salem N. Karadsheh ◽  
Mohammad El-Khateeb
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Protein Oxidation ◽  
G6pd Deficiency ◽  
Spectrophotometric Assay ◽  
Oxidative Markers ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Protein And Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

Abstract Oxidative Stress, an imbalance in the pro oxidant / antioxidant homeostasis occurs by a large number of physiological and nonphysiological processes and in several human diseases including diabetes.The use of protein carbony protein (PC) and malanodialdehyde (MDA) as biomarkers of oxidative stress are the most widely measured markers for protein and lipid oxidation. These are measured by spectrophotometric assay. the aim of the study is to measure the effect of G6PD – deficiency on the oxidative markers and the antioxidant GSH in diabetic and non diabetic individuals because of the high incidence of G6PD – deficiency in Jordan and many parts of the worldThe results show that diabetes and/or G6PD deficiency are positively connected to protein and lipid oxidation. The effect is additive in protein oxidation when both disorders are present. The antioxidant, GSH level, is not affected by diabetes but reduced to 50% by G6PD deficiency.

Changes in lipid peroxidation during pregnancy and after delivery in rats: effect of pinealectomy

Reproduction ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
RM Sainz ◽  
RJ Reiter ◽  
JC Mayo ◽  
J Cabrera ◽  
DX Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Free Radical Scavengers ◽  
Radical Scavengers ◽  
Oxygen Requirement ◽  
Pregnant Rats

Pregnancy is a physiological state accompanied by a high energy demand of many bodily functions and an increased oxygen requirement. Because of the increased intake and utilization of oxygen, increased levels of oxidative stress would be expected. In the present study, the degree of lipid peroxidation was examined in different tissues from non-pregnant and pregnant rats after the delivery of their young. Melatonin and other indole metabolites are known to be direct free radical scavengers and indirect antioxidants. Thus the effect of pinealectomy at 1 month before pregnancy on the accumulation of lipid damage was investigated in non-pregnant and pregnant rats after the delivery of their young. Malonaldehyde and 4-hydroxyalkenal concentrations were measured in the lung, uterus, liver, brain, kidney, thymus and spleen from intact and pinealectomized pregnant rats soon after birth of their young and at 14 and 21 days after delivery. The same parameters were also evaluated in intact and pinealectomized non-pregnant rats. Shortly after delivery, lipid oxidative damage was increased in lung, uterus, brain, kidney and thymus of the mothers. No differences were detected in liver and spleen. Pinealectomy enhanced this effect in the uterus and lung. It is concluded that during pregnancy high levels of oxidative stress induce an increase in oxidative damage to lipids, which in some cases is inhibited by the antioxidative actions of pineal indoles.

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