Acacia Catechu Willd. Extract Protects Neuronal Cells from Oxidative Stress-Induced Damage

Oxidative stress (OS) and the resulting reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inflammation play a pivotal role in the neuronal loss occurring during the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, promising future drugs that would prevent or slow down the progression of neurodegeneration should possess potent radical-scavenging activity. Acacia catechu Willd. heartwood extract (AC), already characterized for its high catechin content, is endowed with antioxidant properties. The aim of the present study was to assess AC neuroprotection in both human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells and rat brain slices treated with hydrogen peroxide. In SH-SY5Y cells, AC prevented a decrease in viability, as well as an increase in sub-diploid-, DAPI positive cells, reduced ROS formation, and recovered the mitochondrial potential and caspase-3 activation. AC related neuroprotective effects also occurred in rat brain slices as a reversal prevention in the expression of the main proteins involved in apoptosis and signalling pathways related to calcium homeostasis following OS-mediated injury. Additionally, unbiased quantitative mass spectrometry allowed for assessing that AC partially prevented the hydrogen peroxide-induced altered proteome, including proteins belonging to the synaptic vesicle fusion apparatus. In conclusion, the present results suggest the possibility of AC as a nutraceutical useful in preventing neurodegenerative diseases.

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Turkish Endemic Achillea Species Protect Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells Against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Cytotoxicity

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2019040043 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Kübra Uzun ◽

Ayşe Kübra Karaboğa Arslan

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Antioxidant Systems ◽

Human Neuroblastoma ◽

Wide Range ◽

Anti Inflammatory

The genus Achillea L. belongs to Asteraceae (Compositae), the largest family of vascular plants. There are 50 species, which of 24 is endemic in this genus in Turkey. Achillae species are used as a tonic, anti-inflammatory, anti-spasmodic, diaphoretic, diuretic and emmenagogic agents and have been used for treatment of hemorrhage, pneumonia, rheumatic pain and wounds healing traditionally. The imbalanced antioxidant systems leads to various pathophysiological conditions such as inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Achillea species have several components; essential oils, sesquiterpenes and phenolic compounds such as flavonoids and phenolic acids. Phenolic compounds and flavonoids are the most important medicinal metabolites of Achillea species. Flavonoids have been reported to exert a wide range of biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tumor effects. This study aimed to assess the in vitro antioxidant properties of the methanol extracts from the aerial parts of A. cucullata (ACME) and A. sieheana (ASME) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. Our study showed that the ACME and ASME provided neuroprotection against H2O2-induced oxidative stress. In conclusion, ACME and ASME might help in reducing oxidative stress for preventive therapy associated with neurodegenerative diseases and cancer.

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Olive Leaves and Hibiscus Flowers Extracts-Based Preparation Protect Brain from Oxidative Stress-Induced Injury

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9090806 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 806 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elda Chiaino ◽

Matteo Micucci ◽

Sandro Cosconati ◽

Ettore Novellino ◽

Roberta Budriesi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Rat Brain ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Brain Slices ◽

Annexin V ◽

Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽

Neuroprotective Effects ◽

Mitochondrial Potential ◽

Human Neuroblastoma

Oxidative stress (OS) arising from tissue redox imbalance, critically contributes to the development of neurodegenerative disorders. Thus, natural compounds, owing to their antioxidant properties, have promising therapeutic potential. Pres phytum (PRES) is a nutraceutical product composed of leaves- and flowers-extracts of Olea europaea L. and Hibiscus sabdariffa L., respectively, the composition of which has been characterized by HPLC coupled to a UV-Vis and QqQ-Ms detector. As PRES possess antioxidant, antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties, the aim of this study was to assess its neuroprotective effects in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells and in rat brain slices subjected to OS. PRES (1–50 µg/mL) reverted the decrease in viability as well as the increase in sub-diploid-, DAPI-and annexin V-positive-cells, reduced ROS formation, recovered the mitochondrial potential and caspase-3 and 9 activity changes caused by OS. PRES (50–100 µg/mL) neuroprotective effects occurred also in rat brain slices subjected to H2O2 challenge. Finally, as the neuroprotective potential of PRES is strictly related to its penetration into the brain and a relatively good pharmacokinetic profile, an in-silico prediction of its components drug-like properties was carried out. The present results suggest the possibility of PRES as a nutraceutical, which could help in preventing neurodegenerative diseases.

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Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart. Leaves Increase SIRT1 Levels and Improve Stress Resistance

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2020/5238650 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Tamaeh Monteiro-Alfredo ◽

Paulo Matafome ◽

Bianca Pancoti Iacia ◽

Kátia Ávila Antunes ◽

Jéssica Maurino dos Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Ros Generation ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

C Elegans ◽

Acrocomia Aculeata

Oxidative stress is a metabolic disorder linked with several chronic diseases, and this condition can be improved by natural antioxidants. The fruit pulp of the palm Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart. is widely used in the treatment of various illnesses, but as far as we know, there are no reports regarding the properties of its leaves. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of A. aculeata leaf extracts obtained with water (EA-Aa), ethanol (EE-Aa), and methanol (EM-Aa) solvents. The extracts were chemically characterized, and their antioxidant activity was assessed through the scavenging of the free radicals DPPH and ABTS. EE-Aa and EM-Aa showed the highest amounts of phenolic compounds and free radical scavenging activity. However, EA-Aa was more efficient to protect human erythrocytes against AAPH-induced hemolysis and lipid peroxidation. Thus, we further show the antioxidant effect of EA-Aa in preventing AAPH-induced protein oxidation, H2O2-induced DNA fragmentation, and ROS generation in Cos-7 cells. Increased levels of Sirt1, catalase, and activation of ERK and Nrf2 were observed in Cos-7 treated with EA-Aa. We also verify increased survival in nematodes C. elegans, when induced to the oxidative condition by Juglone. Therefore, our results showed a typical chemical composition of plants for all extracts, but the diversity of compounds presented in EA-Aa is involved in the lower toxicity and antioxidant properties provided to the macromolecules tested, proteins, DNA, and lipids. This protective effect also proven in Cos-7 and in C. elegans was probably due to the activation of the Sirt1/Nrf2 pathway. Altogether, the low toxicity and the antioxidant properties of EA-Aa showed in all the experimental models support its further use in the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases.

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Viburnum opulus L. Fruit Extracts Protect Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Cytotoxicity

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2019040005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 5 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Paşayeva ◽

Arslan ◽

Kararenk

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Iridoid Glycosides ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Anticancer Activities ◽

Viburnum Opulus ◽

Human Neuroblastoma

Viburnum L., is one of the most diverse genera of Caprifoliaceae family. There are 4 species of this genus in Turkey. One of them is Viburnum opulus L. The fruits of V. opulus have been used as an antidiabetic in Turkish folk medicine and a traditional drink named “gilaburu” in Middle Anatolia. Oxidative stress is involved in the cell degenerative changes in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of human chronic diseases, such as cancer. Some of the studies carried out on the V. opulus extracts revealed the presence of phenolic acids, flavonoids, hydroxybenzoic acids, tannins, coumarins, cathechols, iridoid glycosides, antocyanins, and some others. Most of these polyphenols have various biological activities, including antioxidant, cancer chemopreventive, and anticancer activities. This study aimed to assess the in vitro antioxidant properties of the ethanol extract (VOE), decoction (VOD) and fruit juice (VOFJ) from the fruits of V. opulus against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. Our study revealed that the VOE, VOD and VOFJ provided neuroprotection against H2O2-induced oxidative stress. In conclusion, VOE, VOD and VOFJ can be used as a functional dietary ingredient that might help in reducing health problems associated with various oxidative stress insults.

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Antioxidant Activities and Protective Effects of Dendropachol, a New Bisbibenzyl Compound from Dendrobium pachyglossum, on Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress in HaCaT Keratinocytes

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10020252 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 252

Author(s):

Sakan Warinhomhoun ◽

Chawanphat Muangnoi ◽

Visarut Buranasudja ◽

Wanwimon Mekboonsonglarp ◽

Pornchai Rojsitthisak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Positive Control ◽

Ros Generation ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Hacat Keratinocytes ◽

Caspase 9 ◽

Chemical Structures

Five compounds including a new bisbibenzyl named dendropachol (1) and four known compounds (2–5) comprising 4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-dimethoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene (2), gigantol (3), moscatilin (4) and 4,5,4′-trihydroxy-3,3′-dimethoxybibenzyl (5) were isolated from a methanolic extract of Dendrobium pachyglossum (Orchidaceae). The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods. Dendropachol (1) was investigated for its protective effects on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in HaCaT keratinocytes. Compound 1 showed strong free radical scavenging compared to the positive control. For the cytoprotective effect, compound 1 increased the activities of GPx and CAT and the level of GSH but reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and accumulation. In addition, compound 1 significantly diminished the expression of p53, Bax, and cytochrome C proteins, decreased the activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9, and increased Bcl-2 protein. The results suggested that compound 1 exhibited antioxidant activities and protective effects in keratinocytes against oxidative stress induced by H2O2.

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Structurally Related Edaravone Analogues: Synthesis, Antiradical, Antioxidant, and Copper-Chelating Properties

CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871527318666191114092007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 779-790 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alexandre LeBlanc ◽

Miroslava Cuperlovic-Culf ◽

Pier Jr. Morin ◽

Mohamed Touaibia

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Therapeutic Options ◽

Partial Charge ◽

Associated Diseases ◽

Significant Interest ◽

Lateral Sclerosis

Background:: The current therapeutic options available to patients diagnosed with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) are limited and edaravone is a compound that has gained significant interest for its therapeutic potential in this condition. Objectives: : The current work was thus undertaken to synthesize and characterize a series of edaravone analogues. Methods: A total of 17 analogues were synthesized and characterized for their antioxidant properties, radical scavenging potential and copper-chelating capabilities. Results: Radical scavenging and copper-chelating properties were notably observed for edaravone. Analogues bearing hydrogen in position 1 and a phenyl at position 3 and a phenyl in both positions of pyrazol-5 (4H)-one displayed substantial radical scavenging, antioxidants and copper-chelating properties. High accessibility of electronegative groups combined with higher electronegativity and partial charge of the carbonyl moiety in edaravone might explain the observed difference in the activity of edaravone relative to the closely related analogues 6 and 7 bearing hydrogen at position 1 and a phenyl at position 3 (6) and a phenyl in both positions (7). Conclusion: Overall, this study reveals a subset of edaravone analogues with interesting properties. Further investigation of these compounds is foreseen in relevant models of oxidative stress-associated diseases in order to assess their therapeutic potential in such conditions.

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A Flavonoid-Rich Extract of Mandarin Juice Counteracts 6-OHDA-Induced Oxidative Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells and Modulates Parkinson-Related Genes

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10040539 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 539

Author(s):

Santa Cirmi ◽

Alessandro Maugeri ◽

Giovanni Enrico Lombardo ◽

Caterina Russo ◽

Laura Musumeci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cell Death ◽

Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽

Dopaminergic Neurons ◽

Specific Interaction ◽

Food Sources ◽

Human Neuroblastoma Cell ◽

Neuroprotective Effects ◽

Human Neuroblastoma ◽

Mandarin Juice

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a degenerative disorder of the nervous system due to unceasing impairment of dopaminergic neurons situated in the substantia nigra. At present, anti-PD drugs acting on dopamine receptors are mainly symptomatic and have only very limited neuroprotective effects, whereas drugs slowing down neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons and deterioration of clinical symptoms are not yet available. Given that, the development of more valuable pharmacological strategies is highly demanded. Comprehensive research on innovative neuroprotective drugs has proven that anti-inflammatory and antioxidant molecules from food sources may prevent and/or counteract neurodegenerative diseases, such as PD. The present study was aimed at the evaluation the protective effect of mandarin juice extract (MJe) against 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell death. Treatment of differentiated SH-SY5Y cells with 6-OHDA brought cell death, and specifically, apoptosis, which was significantly inhibited by the preincubation with MJe through caspase 3 blockage and the modulation of p53, Bax, and Bcl-2 genes. In addition, it showed antioxidant properties in abiotic models as well as in vitro, where it reduced both reactive oxygen and nitrogen species induced by 6-OHDA, along with restored mitochondrial membrane potential, and prevented the oxidative DNA damage evoked by 6-OHDA. Furthermore, MJe restored the impaired balance of SNCA, LRRK2, PINK1, parkin, and DJ-1 gene levels, PD-related factors, caused by 6-OHDA oxidative stress. Overall, these results indicate that MJe exerts neuroprotective effects against 6-OHDA-induced cell death in SH-SY5Y cells by mechanisms involving both the specific interaction with intracellular pathways and its antioxidant capability. Our study suggests a novel possible strategy to prevent and/or ameliorate neurodegenerative diseases, such as PD.

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Hydrogen Nano-Bubble Water Suppresses ROS Generation, Adipogenesis, and Interleukin-6 Secretion in Hydrogen-Peroxide- or PMA-Stimulated Adipocytes and Three-Dimensional Subcutaneous Adipose Equivalents

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10030626 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 626

Author(s):

Li Xiao ◽

Nobuhiko Miwa

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Interleukin 6 ◽

Lipid Accumulation ◽

Metabolic Disorders ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Human Keratinocytes ◽

Ros Generation ◽

Obese People ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress in adipose tissue is associated with inflammation and the development of obesity-related metabolic disorders. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of hydrogen nano-bubble water (HW) on ROS generation, adipogenesis, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated OP9 adipocytes, and three-dimensional (3D) subcutaneous adipose equivalents. Nanoparticle tracking analysis showed that fresh HW contains 1.17 × 108/mL of nano-sized hydrogen bubbles. Even after 8 to 13 months of storage, approximately half of the bubbles still remained in the water. CellROX® staining showed that HW could diminish H2O2- or PMA-induced intracellular ROS generation in human keratinocytes HaCaT and OP9 cells. We discovered that PMA could markedly increase lipid accumulation to 180% and IL-6 secretion 2.7-fold in OP9 adipocytes. Similarly, H2O2 (5 µM) also significantly stimulated lipid accumulation in OP9 cells and the 3D adipose equivalents. HW treatment significantly repressed H2O2- or PMA-induced lipid accumulation and IL-6 secretion in OP9 adipocytes and the 3D adipose equivalents. In conclusion, HW showed a possibility of repressing oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and adipogenesis at cellular/tissue levels. It can be used for preventing the development of metabolic disorders amongst obese people.

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Intracellular Sources of ROS/H2O2 in Health and Neurodegeneration: Spotlight on Endoplasmic Reticulum

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10020233 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 233

Author(s):

Tasuku Konno ◽

Eduardo Pinho Melo ◽

Joseph E. Chambers ◽

Edward Avezov

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽

Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽

Antioxidative Enzymes ◽

Redox Reactions ◽

Ros Production ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Specific Target

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced continuously throughout the cell as products of various redox reactions. Yet these products function as important signal messengers, acting through oxidation of specific target factors. Whilst excess ROS production has the potential to induce oxidative stress, physiological roles of ROS are supported by a spatiotemporal equilibrium between ROS producers and scavengers such as antioxidative enzymes. In the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a non-radical ROS, is produced through the process of oxidative folding. Utilisation and dysregulation of H2O2, in particular that generated in the ER, affects not only cellular homeostasis but also the longevity of organisms. ROS dysregulation has been implicated in various pathologies including dementia and other neurodegenerative diseases, sanctioning a field of research that strives to better understand cell-intrinsic ROS production. Here we review the organelle-specific ROS-generating and consuming pathways, providing evidence that the ER is a major contributing source of potentially pathologic ROS.

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Beryllium competitively inhibits brain myo-inositol monophosphatase, but unlike lithium does not enhance agonist-induced inositol phosphate accumulation

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj2910369 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 291 (2) ◽

pp. 369-374 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

W S Faraci ◽

S H Zorn ◽

A V Bakker ◽

E Jackson ◽

K Pratt

Keyword(s):

Rat Brain ◽

Inositol Phosphate ◽

Bipolar Depression ◽

Neuroblastoma Cell ◽

Brain Slices ◽

Human Neuroblastoma Cell ◽

Inositol Monophosphatase ◽

Human Neuroblastoma ◽

Phosphate Accumulation ◽

Inositol Phosphate Accumulation

Despite limiting side-effects, lithium is the drug of choice for the treatment of bipolar depression. Its action may be due, in part, to its ability to dampen phosphatidylinositol turnover by inhibiting myo-inositol monophosphatase. Beryllium has been identified as a potent inhibitor of partially purified myo-inositol monophosphatase isolated from rat brain (Ki = 150 nM), bovine brain (Ki = 35 nM), and from the human neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-SH (Ki = 85 nM). It is over three orders of magnitude more potent than LiCl (Ki = 0.5-1.2 mM). Kinetic analysis reveals that beryllium is a competitive inhibitor of myo-inositol monophosphatase, in contrast with lithium which is an uncompetitive inhibitor. Inhibition of exogenous [3H]inositol phosphate hydrolysis by beryllium (IC50 = 250-300 nM) was observed to the same maximal extent as that seen with lithium in permeabilized SK-N-SH cells, reflecting inhibition of cellular myo-inositol monophosphatase. However, in contrast with that observed with lithium, agonist-induced accumulation of inositol phosphate was not observed with beryllium in permeabilized and non-permeabilized SK-N-SH cells and in rat brain slices. Similar results were obtained in permeabilized SK-N-SH cells when GTP-gamma-S was used as an alternative stimulator of inositol phosphate accumulation. The disparity in the actions of beryllium and lithium suggest that either (1) selective inhibition of myo-inositol monophosphatase does not completely explain the action of lithium on the phosphatidylinositol cycle, or (2) that uncompetitive inhibition of myo-inositol monophosphatase is a necessary requirement to observe functional lithium mimetic activity.

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