scholarly journals Integrated Field Surveying and Land Surface Quantitative Analysis to Assess Landslide Proneness in the Conero Promontory Rocky Coast (Italy)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 4793
Author(s):  
Francesco Troiani ◽  
Salvatore Martino ◽  
Gian Marco Marmoni ◽  
Marco Menichetti ◽  
Davide Torre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Slope Instability ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Coastal Slope ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Landslide Processes ◽  
Rocky Coast

Rock slopes involved in extensive landslide processes are often characterized by complex morphodynamics acting at different scales of space and time, responsible for different evolutionary scenarios. Mass Rock Creep (MRC) is a critical process for long-term geomorphological evolution of slopes and can likewise characterize actively retreating coastal cliffs where, in addition, landslides of different typologies and size superimpose in space and time to marine processes. The rocky coast at the Conero promontory (central Adriatic Sea, Italy) offers a rare opportunity for better understanding the predisposing role of the morphostructural setting on coastal slope instability on a long-time scale. In fact, the area presents several landslides of different typologies and size and state of activity, together with a wide set of landforms and structural features effective for better comprehending the evolution mechanisms of slope instability processes. Different investigation methods were implemented; in particular, traditional geomorphological and structural field surveys were combined with land surface quantitative analysis based on a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) with ground-resolution of 2 m. The results obtained demonstrate that MRC involves the entire coastal slope, which can be zoned in two distinct sectors as a function of a different morphostructural setting responsible for highly differentiated landslide processes. Therefore, at the long-time scale, two different morphodynamic styles can be depicted along the coastal slopes that correspond to specific evolutionary scenarios. The first scenario is characterized by MRC-driven, time-dependent slope processes involving the entire slope, whereas the second one includes force-driven slope processes acting at smaller space–time scales. The Conero promontory case study highlights that the relationships between slope shape and structural setting of the deforming areas are crucial for reaching critical volumes to induce generalized slope collapse as the final stage of the MRC process. The results from this study stress the importance of understanding the role of morphostructures as predisposing conditions for generalized slope failures along rocky coasts involved in MRC. The findings discussed here suggest the importance of the assessment of the slope instability at the long time scale for a better comprehension of the present-day slope dynamics and its major implications for landslide monitoring strategies and the hazard mitigation strategies.

scholarly journals Activity-induced fluidization of arrested coalescence in fusion of cellular aggregates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Ongenae ◽  
Maxim Cuvelier ◽  
Jef Vangheel ◽  
Herman Ramon ◽  
Bart Smeets
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Fusion Process ◽  
Cortical Tension ◽  
Tissue Constructs ◽  
Liquid Theory ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cellular Aggregates

At long time scales, tissue spheroids may flow or appear solid depending on their capacity to reorganize their internal structure. Understanding the relationship between intrinsic mechanical properties at the single cell level, and the tissue spheroids dynamics at the long-time scale is key for artificial tissue constructs, which are assembled from multiple tissue spheroids that over time fuse to form coherent structures. The dynamics of this fusion process are frequently analyzed in the framework of liquid theory, wherein the time scale of coalescence of two droplets is governed by its radius, viscosity and surface tension. In this work, we extend this framework to glassy or jammed cell behavior which can be observed in spheroid fusion. Using simulations of an individual-cell based model, we demonstrate how the spheroid fusion process can be steered from liquid to arrested by varying active cell motility and repulsive energy as established by cortical tension. The divergence of visco-elastic relaxation times indicates glassy relaxation near the transition towards arrested coalescence. Finally, we investigate the role of cell growth in spheroid fusion dynamics. We show that the presence of cell division introduces plasticity in the material and thereby increases coalescence during fusion.

scholarly journals Land-Surface Quantitative Analysis to Investigate the Spatial Distribution of Gravitational Landforms along Rocky Coasts

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5012
Author(s):  
Daniela Piacentini ◽  
Francesco Troiani ◽  
Davide Torre ◽  
Marco Menichetti
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
San Bartolo ◽  
Rocky Coasts ◽  
Rocky Coast

The increasing availability of high-quality digital elevation models (DEMs) has been associated with a growing interest in developing quantitative analyses aimed at taking advantage of these detailed, updated, and promising digital datasets. Land-surface quantitative (LSQ) analysis is valuable for describing the land-surface topography and performing measures of the signature of specific geomorphic processes, taking into account site-specific geological contexts and morphoclimatic settings, proving to be particularly effective in transitional environments, such as rocky coasts. This paper presents the results of research aimed at investigating the spatial distribution of gravitational landforms along rocky coasts, by means of LSQ analysis based on a DEM with a ground resolution of 2 m, derived from airborne LiDAR (light detection and ranging) surveys. The study area is at Mt. San Bartolo (Northern Marche, Italy) and characterized by a sea cliff diffusely affected by gravitational phenomena of different sizes and types. Geomorphological and geological field data, interpretations of remotely sensed datasets derived from ad hoc unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) flights, and DEM-derived hillshades were also adapted to support LSQ analysis. In detail, four morphometric variables (slope, roughness, terrain ruggedness index, and elevation standard deviation) were computed and the outputs evaluated based on visual–spatial inspections of derived raster datasets, descriptive statistics, and joint comparison. Results reveal the best performing variables and how combined interpretations can support the identification and mapping of zones characterized by varying spatial distribution of gravitational landforms of different types. The findings achieved along the Mt. San Bartolo rocky coast confirm that an approach based on land-surface quantitative analysis can act as a proxy to efficiently investigate gravitational slope processes in coastal areas, especially those that are difficult to reach with traditional field surveys.

scholarly journals Activity-Induced Fluidization and Arrested Coalescence in Fusion of Cellular Aggregates

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Ongenae ◽  
Maxim Cuvelier ◽  
Jef Vangheel ◽  
Herman Ramon ◽  
Bart Smeets
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Fusion Process ◽  
Cortical Tension ◽  
Tissue Constructs ◽  
Liquid Theory ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cellular Aggregates

At long time scales, tissue spheroids may flow or appear solid depending on their capacity to reorganize their internal structure. Understanding the relationship between intrinsic mechanical properties at the single cell level, and the tissue spheroids dynamics at the long-time scale is key for artificial tissue constructs, which are assembled from multiple tissue spheroids that over time fuse to form coherent structures. The dynamics of this fusion process are frequently analyzed in the framework of liquid theory, wherein the time scale of coalescence of two droplets is governed by its radius, viscosity and surface tension. In this work, we extend this framework to glassy or jammed cell behavior which can be observed in spheroid fusion. Using simulations of an individual-cell based model, we demonstrate how the spheroid fusion process can be steered from liquid to arrested by varying active cell motility and repulsive energy as established by cortical tension. The divergence of visco-elastic relaxation times indicates glassy relaxation near the transition toward arrested coalescence. Finally, we investigate the role of cell growth in spheroid fusion dynamics. We show that the presence of cell division introduces plasticity in the material and thereby increases coalescence during fusion.

The Problem of Identifying and Modeling the Relationship between Monetary Factor and Inflation in the Russian Economy

2008 ◽  
pp. 61-76
Author(s):  
A. Porshakov ◽  
A. Ponomarenko
Keyword(s):  
Money Supply ◽  
Money Demand ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Supply Side Factors

The role of monetary factor in generating inflationary processes in Russia has stimulated various debates in social and scientific circles for a relatively long time. The authors show that identification of the specificity of relationship between money and inflation requires a complex approach based on statistical modeling and involving a wide range of indicators relevant for the price changes in the economy. As a result a model of inflation for Russia implying the decomposition of inflation dynamics into demand-side and supply-side factors is suggested. The main conclusion drawn is that during the recent years the volume of inflationary pressures in the Russian economy has been determined by the deviation of money supply from money demand, rather than by money supply alone. At the same time, monetary factor has a long-run spread over time impact on inflation.

Peranan Whistleblowing Dalam Meningkatkan Integriti Anggota Polis Diraja Malaysia (Pdrm): Kajian Ke Atas Kontinjen Perak

Sains Insani ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Megat Ayop Megat Arifin ◽  
Abd. Halim Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Positive Perception ◽  
External Threats ◽  
Positive Practices ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Whitsleblowing is one of the positive practices in organizations that are able to raise the level of integrity among the members of an organization. However, the roles of whistleblowing also inevitably invites a response, especially among members of the organization itself. This is because such practices are viewed as one factor that may be detrimental to the organization in addition to revealing the reporter (whistleblower) to some external threats and intimidation of discrimination within the organization. This paper is an attempt to examine the relationship between perceptions of members of the Royal Malaysian Police (RMP) Contingent of Perak through the role of whistleblowing practices to increase the perception of the integrity of the members. Next, identify the purpose of the whistleblowing and its effect on the integrity of the members of the organization. This study used a descriptive quantitative analysis to identify patterns of relationship that exists between the perception of whistleblowing practices with perceptions of increased integrity based on three basic variables of demographic factors, response to whistleblowing and the impact of making the report. The results showed that members of the Perak’s police have a positive perception of whistleblowing practices which are seen to be done in improving the integrity of the members.Keywords: whistleblowing, perception, RMP members, culture, integrity, organization, influence. ABSTRAK: Whitsleblowing merupakan salah satu amalan positif dalam organisasi yang mampu untuk meningkatkan tahap integriti ahli-ahli dalam sesebuah organisasi. Namun begitu, amalan whistleblowing juga turut tidak dapat mengelak daripada mengundang pelbagai respon khususnya dalam kalangan ahli organisasi itu sendiri. Amalan sebegini turut dilihat sebagai salah satu faktor yang boleh memudaratkan organisasi di samping mendedahkan pelapor (whistleblower) kepada beberapa bentuk ancaman ugutan dari luar dan diskriminasi dalam organisasi. Kertas ini merupakan satu upaya untuk melihat perkaitan antara persepsi anggota Polis Diraja Malaysia (PDRM) Kontinjen Perak melalui peranan amalan whistleblowing terhadap persepsi peningkatan integriti anggota. Seterusnya, mengenalpasti maksud whistleblowing dan pengaruhnya terhadap tahap integriti anggota dalam organisasi. Kajian ini menggunakan analisis kuantitatif berbentuk deskriptif bagi mengenalpasti corak hubungan yang wujud antara persepsi terhadap amalan whistleblowing dengan persepsi terhadap peningkatan integriti berdasarkan tiga pembolehubah asas iaitu faktor demografi, tanggapan terhadap whistleblowing dan kesan daripada tindakan membuat laporan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa anggota PDRM Perak mempunyai persepsi yang positif terhadap whistleblowing yang mana ianya dilihat perlu dilaksanakan dalam meningkatkan integriti anggota.Kata kunci: whistleblowing, persepsi, amalan, anggota PDRM, budaya, integriti, organisasi, pengaruh.  

Hume’s System of Space and Time

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela M. Coventry
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Principle ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
The Relationship

Hume’s account of the origin and nature of our ideas of space and time is generally thought to be the least satisfactory part of his empiricist system of philosophy. The main reason is internal in that the account is judged to be inconsistent with Hume’s fundamental principle for the relationship between senses and cognition, the copy principle. This paper defends Hume against the inconsistency objection by offering a new systematic interpretation of Hume on space and time and illuminating more generally the role of the copy principle in his philosophy. Humes Theorie des Wesens und des Ursprungs unserer Vorstellungen von Raum und Zeit wird generell zu den am wenigsten befriedigenden Teilen seiner empiristischen Philosophie gezählt. Der Hauptgrund dafür ist werkimmanent: Die Raum- Zeit-Theorie einerseits und Humes „copy principle“ andererseits – d.h. dasjenige Fundamental-Prinzip, das die Relation zwischen unseren Sinnen und unserem Denken regelt – werden als miteinander inkonsistent erachtet. Dieser Beitrag bietet eine neue, systematische Interpretation der Raum-Zeit-Lehre Humes und eine umfassendere Darstellung der Rolle des „copy principles“ in seiner Philosophie an. Auf diese Weise wird Hume gegen den Vorwurf der Inkonsistenz verteidigt.

ПОЕТИЧНА МОВОТВОРЧІСТЬ ЯК ВІДОБРАЖЕННЯ КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНОЇ КАРТИНИ СВІТУ

2018 ◽  
pp. 166-174
Author(s):  
М. В. Дзисюк
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Space ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Spatial Features ◽  
Filling Ability ◽  
Material Reality ◽  
Space Saving ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Literary Techniques ◽  
Linguistic Process

Definitions of concept and sphere of the concept are widely used in different aspects of modern linguistics. There is no single understanding of these notions and universal methodology of research has not been invented by linguists yet. This predetermines topicality of the article. The aim of our research is analysis, generalization, and systematization of different approaches to the interpretation of the notion ‘concept’ that exist in modern linguistics. It results in the following tasks: analysis of existing definitions of concept and its division into certain ranges and defining classification features. Modern linguists raise the questions of the conceptual and linguistic image of the world, the role of a human factor in its formation and interaction as in a linguistic process more frequently and it is defined as a fact in today’s linguistic scientific literature. The problem of individual language formation, poetic one in particular gains important meaning in this context. Ukrainian linguists use the notion of ‘concept’ for a long time now although they adhere to different views on its definition. Researches of the question define two major approaches in the analysis of the notion ‘concept’ that is linguistic-cognitive and linguistic-cultural. We can claim that words-concepts are agents between material reality and the ideal world that is synthesized in poetry, carriers of sense since with their help the versatility of the real world correlates with eternal spiritual values. Therefore, main features of the notion ‘concept’ in which objectively-cognitive and subjectively-creative features are combines are as follow sensual authenticity, time-spatial features, mediation between material and spiritual, semantic filling, ability to polysemy. A word with a generally symbolic meaning that is implemented in a language process through literary techniques typical for poet’s idiotype is the main core of the concept. The concept in poetic language formation by modern Uman poets is semantically integral, fulfilled, able to penetrate into other concepts and absorb semantically narrower images saving unity and semantic independence, varying numerous interpretations that project it in a certain semantic space, saving potential of real reflection.

„Arvīd, uz kurieni Tu aizgāji?”: Arvīda Griguļa personības loma Rakstnieku savienības vēsturē

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
Madara Eversone
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Central Committee ◽  
State Archive ◽  
National Archives ◽  
Literary Heritage ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Impact

The article aims to highlight the role of Arvīds Grigulis’ (1906–1989) personality in the Latvian Soviet literary process in the context of the Latvian Soviet Writers’ Union, attempting to discover the contradictions and significance of Arvīds Grigulis’ personality. Arvīds Grigulis was a long-time member of the Writers’ Union, a member of the Soviet nomenklatura, and an authority of the soviet literary process. His evaluations of pre-soviet literary heritage and writings of his contemporaries were often harsh and ruthless, and also influenced the development of the further literary process. The article is based on the documents of the Central Committee of the Latvian Communist Party, the Latvian Soviet Writers’ Union and the Communist Party local organization of the Latvian Soviet Writers’ Union that are available at the Latvian State Archive of the National Archives of Latvia, as well as memories of Grigulis’ contemporaries. It is concluded that the personality of the writer Arvīds Grigulis, although unfolding less in the context of the Writers’ Union, is essential for the exploration of the soviet literary process and events behind the scenes. The article mainly describes events and episodes taking place until 1965, when Arvīds Grigulis’ influence in the Writers’ Union was more remarkable. Individual and further studies should analyse changes and the impact of his decisions in the cultural process of the 70s and 80s of the 20th century.

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