scholarly journals Sustainable Development of Concrete through Aggregates and Innovative Materials: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 629
Author(s):  
Sergio A. Zamora-Castro ◽  
Rolando Salgado-Estrada ◽  
Luis Carlos Sandoval-Herazo ◽  
Roberto Angel Melendez-Armenta ◽  
Erick Manzano-Huerta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Civil Infrastructure ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Sustainable Concrete ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
Sustainable Materials ◽  
Maintenance Requirements

The use of concrete in civil infrastructure is highly demanded in structural and nonstructural elements. However, the high production of concrete could lead to severe pollution in the world. This pollution can be decreased using sustainable materials mixed with cement to obtain sustainable concrete. These sustainable materials include reinforcing fibers (e.g., steel, polypropylene, carbon fibers), recycled materials (e.g., tire rubber, crushed glass, plastic, industrial waste) as well as organic and inorganic elements as concrete aggregates and reinforcement elements. The sustainable construction materials can reduce the amount constitutive elements of concrete required for civil constructions. In addition, some sustainable materials added to cement could improve some properties of the concrete, like the compressive and flexural strength of concrete structural elements. Thus, the maintenance requirements or early replacement of these structural elements could be decreased. This review presents recent investigations about the performance of different sustainable concrete types. In addition, we include the effects on the mechanical properties of the concrete caused by the incorporation of several sustainable materials. In addition, recommendations for the use and testing of sustainable concrete are reported. These materials have potential applications in the sustainable concrete infrastructure in future smart cities.

Utilizing shape memory alloys to enhance the performance and safety of civil infrastructure: a review

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1075-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
M S Alam ◽  
M A Youssef ◽  
M Nehdi
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Shape Memory Effect ◽  
Memory Effect ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Civil Infrastructure ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Constitutive Material

Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are special materials with a substantial potential for various civil engineering applications. The novelty of such materials lies in their ability to undergo large deformations and return to their undeformed shape through stress removal (superelasticity) or heating (shape-memory effect). In particular, SMAs have distinct thermomechanical properties, including superelasticity, shape-memory effect, and hysteretic damping. These properties could be effectively utilized to substantially enhance the safety of various structures. Although the high cost of SMAs is still limiting their use, research investigating their production and processing is expected to make it more cost-competitive. Thus, it is expected that SMAs will emerge as an essential material in the construction industry. This paper examines the fundamental characteristics of SMAs, the constitutive material models of SMAs, and the factors influencing the engineering properties of SMAs. Some of the potential applications of SMAs are discussed, including the reinforcement and repair of structural elements, prestress applications, and the development of kernel components for seismic devices such as dampers and isolators. The paper synthesizes existing information on the properties of SMAs, presents it in concise and useful tables, and explains different alternatives for the application of SMAs, which should motivate researchers and practicing engineers to extend the use of SMAs in novel and emerging applications.Key words: shape memory alloy, superelasticity, shape-memory effect, construction, retrofitting.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Building Materials Based on Sustainable Development Indicators

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Mona Baglou ◽  
Parviz Ghoddousi ◽  
Mohsen Saeedi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Concrete Block ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Sustainable Development Indicators ◽  
Sustainable Materials ◽  
The Impact

Construction industry regarded as one of the key aspects of achieving the goals of sustainable development in communities. In this regard, the choice of building materials is one of the key challenges in order to improve project performance with respect to sustainable development indicators and the use of sustainable materials, is an effective step towards achieving sustainable construction. This research uses information and evidence, interview and questionnaire prepared (by five points Likert scale method). Also, it has provided expert opinions related indicators widely used in a construction materials, manufacturing process and defining the impact of the production of these materials on sustainable development deals. Validity and reliability of the questionnaires were also performed (with Cronbach's alpha method). As a result of this research, Cement was identified as the most unsustainable material, after that Steel and then Brick and Glass were located with a wide margin. So Light concrete block, Gypsum, Stone, Lime, and Concrete were identified as the most sustainable materials according to existing indicators respectively. The consequences of this study can help the project executors in order to promote the use of sustainable building materials in construction and also industries will be aware of the impact of the sustainability indicators on their products.

Simultaneous Use of Two Catalytic Wastes to Cement in Sustainable Construction Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 634 ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maura Berger Maltez Melchert ◽  
Marcelo Mendes Viana ◽  
Jo Dweck
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Sustainable Materials ◽  
Simultaneous Use

This paper presents the study of the simultaneous use of two residual catalysts (RAl and RNi) with type II Portland cement, in order to avoid environmental impacts and to use of the solidified products as structural sustainable materials. The solidification/stabilization (S/S) was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis, X ray diffraction, leaching and compressive strength tests. Mortars with water/cement mass ratio equal to 0.5 were prepared, into which, different percentual masses of each waste were added. The main phases formed due to the retarding and accelerating actions of each waste were evaluated by thermogravimetry and X ray diffraction after 28 days of hydration. The leaching tests done with the solidified mortars presented values of Ni and Al contents below maximum accepted limits, indicating that they attend to environmental legislation, as well as eliminate the original environmental impact of the original wastes. Mortars evaluated after 28 days by compressive strength tests, presented acceptable results for their possible use as construction materials.

Effect of Curing Age on the Compressive Strength of Petrovege Blocks

2014 ◽  
Vol 980 ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
O.A. Johnson ◽  
Napiah Madzlan ◽  
Ibrahim B. Kamaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Liquid Content ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Sustainable Materials ◽  
Crude Oil Sludge ◽  
Curing Age

In the recent years there has been an intensification of policies on sustainable construction materials in the construction industry. This environmental policy has brought about development of various sustainable materials in which Petrovege blocks is one of the outstanding products. This paper investigates the effect of curing age on the compressive strength of the product. Block samples were prepared by adding 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, and 13% liquid content of the mixture of vegetable oil and crude oil sludge as a binder after the optimum liquid content has been established. The specimens were cured at different period of time of 48hrs, 72hrs, 96hrs, and 120hrs. Mechanical properties of the products were evaluated. Compressive strength of Petrovege samples varies from 5.31 N/mm2to 18.88 N/mm2indicating that the compressive strength increases with increase in curing age, while decrease in porosity leads to increased compressive strength for the stipulated curing ages. All samples satisfied the minimum requirements in terms of compressive strength, in accordance with all available standards.

scholarly journals Use of Steel Industry By-products in Sustainable Civil Engineering Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01117
Author(s):  
Beste Çubukçuoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Sustainable Materials ◽  
By Products ◽  
Very High

The concept of sustainability has been growing for many years. In parallel to this popularity, the use of sustainable materials in the construction industry has increased significantly. Sustainable construction materials should be proposed and introduced to the construction industry, mostly as a replacement for cement. Cement is one of the most commonly used construction materials, which produces very high carbon emissions. As the most widely used building material in the world, concrete is predominantly comprised of cement. Therefore, sustainable alternative constituents to cement are required. This study focuses on alternative materials to cement and additionally, alternative materials to naturally available aggregates. The physical, chemical characteristics and mineralogical properties of the proposed materials are investigated and the results are demonstrated in this research study. The findings highlight the environmental and economic potential of replacing cement and other binding materials with steel slag.

scholarly journals Producing Sustainable Concrete using Nano Recycled Glass

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 236-243
Author(s):  
Zena K. Abbas ◽  
Hayder A. Mahdi ◽  
Bassam A. Tayeh
Keyword(s):  
Ordinary Portland Cement ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Glass Bottle ◽  
Sustainable Concrete ◽  
Recycled Glass ◽  
Natural Pozzolana ◽  
Sustainable Materials ◽  
Compressive And Flexural Strengths ◽  
Tools And Techniques

Background: Many tools and techniques have been recently adopted to develop construction materials that are less harmful and friendlier to the environment. New products can be achieved through the recycling of waste material. Thus, this study aims to use recycled glass bottles as sustainable materials. Objective: Our challenge is to use nano glass powder by the addition or replacement of the weight of the cement for producing concrete with enhanced strength. Methods: A nano recycled glass powder is prepared by crushing and storming a glass bottle to obtain a Blaine surface area of approximately 28 m2/g and conforming to the chemical requirements for natural pozzolana class N, according to ASTM C618. The outcome of using nano recycled glass for theaddition and replacement of ordinary Portland cement weight on the compressive and flexural strengths of concrete at 7, 28, and 90 days is investigated. Results: The concrete mixes with 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% replacements of cement by nano recycled glass powder show improvements in compressive and flexural strengths of up to 12.77% and 7.66%, respectively, at 28 days. Meanwhile, mixes with the addition of 5% nano glass powder show best improvements in compressive and flexural strengths of up to 11.49% and 7.46%, respectively.

scholarly journals The behaviour of alkali activated materials based on calcium clay at elevated temperatures

2018 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 00054
Author(s):  
Michał Łach ◽  
Dariusz Mierzwiński ◽  
Kinga Korniejenko ◽  
Artur Stanek ◽  
Janusz Mikuła
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Passive Fire Protection ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
The City ◽  
Alkali Activated

Growing environmental awareness and importance of development of sustainable construction materials for decreasing environmental impact of construction industry are main motivators to research work on new, innovative materials’ solutions. The most promise alternative solutions are technologies based on alkali-activated. This process allows to obtain the fire-resistant materials. However, it is a rather complex process, when using waste materials. Nevertheless, waste-based Alkali Activated Materials AAMs can be optimized and tailored to desired applications. The main objective of the article is to analyse the possibilities of using calcium clay from the city called Raciszyn, Poland for the AAMs manufacturing and the properties of the obtained material, including thermal resistance. The results show that new materials have good mechanical properties at elevated temperatures. The materials were tested at 800°C, depending on the used alkaline activator, they were characterized by bending strength in the range: 2.7-6.2 MPa. A permanent change in dimensions due to heating was also determined. Due to the very high fire resistance, materials referred to as AAMs, also produced from waste such as calcium clay, can find a variety of applications in construction and where it is necessary to ensure the passive fire protection.

scholarly journals Sustainable Concrete Application in the Manufacture of University Urban Furniture

2019 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Mónica Bedoya ◽  
Federico Rivera ◽  
María Rico ◽  
David Vélez ◽  
Andrés Urrego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Elements ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Sustainable Concrete ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Construction And Demolition Wastes ◽  
The World ◽  
Sustainable Materials ◽  
The University ◽  
Community Diagnosis

It is clear that construction and demolition wastes (CDW) are constantly increasing throughout the world and these wastes can be used effectively to minimize the consumption of natural resources in the manufacture of more sustainable concrete. The CDW occupy an important segment of world waste production and its generation reached approximately 3 billion tons in 2012 in 40 countries [1]. Although this topic has been studied in the world, it is still valid for the reuse of waste that is constantly increasing, and although in many countries there are already examples of its use this type of concrete in Colombia and in the Medellìn city lacks applications. This project proposes the application of a sustainable concrete made with CDW and coal ash in the Medellín city for its implementation in the construction of urban furniture. A university community diagnosis of the needs in terms of furnishing was made. With the design reached, a modular chair was proposed to enable spaces within the university. The mechanical characteristics of the concrete and the design of the chair are evaluated and a simulation is done through finite elements to evaluate the viability of the proposed concrete, finding that with these properties is possible to manufacture durable and sustainable furniture that serves as an example for the application of sustainable materials

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