scholarly journals Research on Testing Method of Oil Characteristic Based on Quartz Tuning Fork Sensor

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5642
Author(s):  
Hao Sun ◽  
Yingshuai Liu ◽  
Jianwei Tan
Keyword(s):  
Quartz Tuning Fork ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
General Description ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Engine Oils ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Engine Failure ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Aging Phenomena

There is increasing demand for the on-board diagnosis of lubricating oils. In this research, we consider various sensor principles for on-board diagnosis of the thermal aging of engine oils. One of the parameters investigated is the viscosity of the lubricating oil, which can be efficiently measured using a microacoustic sensor. Compared with conventional viscometers, these sensors probe a different rheological domain, which needs to be considered in the interpretation of measurement results. This specific behavior is examined by systematically investigating engine oils, with and without additive packages, that were subjected to a defined artificial aging process. This paper presents design strategies for the algorithm developed and applied for direct on-board diagnosis of engine oil conditions with a fluid property sensor; this enables prediction of remaining oil life and optimization of oil change intervals, thereby minimizing the likelihood of dramatic engine failure and reducing maintenance costs. After a general description of the principles of sensor measurement, different engine oil contaminants, aging phenomena, and associated sensor detection and measurement capabilities are discussed.

The importance of 2 per cent PTFE/FeF3 additives in engine fully formulated oil for reducing friction and wear under boundary lubrication condition

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabi N Nehme ◽  
Saeed Ghalambor
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Lubrication ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Wear Volume ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lubricating Oils ◽  
Engine Oils ◽  
Lubrication Condition ◽  
Minimum Wear

Purpose – This paper aims to focus on the topics of phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S) in engine oil. Very reproducible boundary lubrication tests were conducted as part of Design of Experiments software to study the behavior of fluorinated catalyst iron fluoride (FeF3) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in the development of environment-friendly (reduced P and S) anti-wear additives for future engine oil formulations. Multi-component fully formulated oils were used with and without the addition of PTFE and fluorinated catalyst to characterize and analyze their performance. Design/methodology/approach – A boundary lubrication protocol was used in the DOE tests to study their tribological behavior. Lubricant additives like PTFE and FeF3 catalyst were used at different concentrations to investigate the wear resistance and the time for a full breakdown under extreme loading conditions. Experiments indicated that new sub-micron FeF3 catalyst plays an important role in preventing the breakdown of the tribofilm. Findings – This paper explores the effect of PTFE and FeF3 catalyst on the performance of fully formulated engine oils. The purpose was to develop equations for minimum wear volume and maximum time for full breakdown. Emphasis was, therefore, given to conditions where the additives were working effectively for minimizing zinc dialkyl dithio phosphate (P per cent). Lubricating oils are normally multi-component additivated systems. They contain different additives such as viscosity improvers, detergents, dispersants and antioxidants. It is known that these additives interact at the surface, affecting the function of the lubricating oil. Therefore, it is important to note that the performance with PTFE and FeF3 catalyst was significantly improved when compared to fully formulated commercial oils used alone. Originality/value – Lubricating oils are normally multi-component additivated systems. They contain different additives such as viscosity improvers, detergents, dispersants and antioxidants. It is known that these additives interact at the surface, affecting the function of the lubricating oil. Therefore, it is important to note that the performance with PTFE and FeF3 catalyst was significantly improved when compared to fully formulated commercial oils used alone.

scholarly journals Analysis of selected results of engine oil tests

2019 ◽  
Vol 302 ◽  
pp. 01010
Author(s):  
Bogdan Landowski ◽  
Monika Baran
Keyword(s):  
Kinematic Viscosity ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Drive Unit ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Engine Oils ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Rotary Viscometer

The study presents selected results of viscosity tests performed for different temperatures of lubricating oil with viscosity marked as 5w30. Viscosity tests of new oil and oil right after being used have been compared. Lubricating oil used in a drive unit of a passenger car was tested. A vehicle in which oil had been changed irregularly was purposefully selected for the tests. Its mileage was over 15-20 thousand kilometers. Upon testing the vehicle mileage was above 265 thousand kilometers. The values of selected characteristics of the analyzed engine oils have been determined including: density, kinematic viscosity and viscosity index. FUNGILAB rotary viscometer was used for measurement of the oil kinematic viscosity.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Recycling of Used Engine Oil Using Extraction by Composite Solvent, Single Solvent, and Acid Treatment Methods

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashid Abro ◽  
Xiaochun Chen ◽  
Khanji Harijan ◽  
Zulifqar A. Dhakan ◽  
Muhammad Ammar
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Pour Point ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Engine Oils

Engine oils are made from crude oil and its derivatives by mixing of certain other chemicals (additives) for improving their certain properties. Lubricating oil is used to lubricate moving parts of engine, reducing friction, protecting against wear, and removing contaminants from the engine, act as a cleaning agent, and act as an anticorrosion and cooling agent. This research effort focuses on comparative study of re-refined engine oils by extraction of composite solvent, single solvent, and acid treatment methods. Composite solvent was made up of butanol-propane and butanone; propane was used as single solvent. Different properties of refined oil and waste oil were analyzed, such as cloud and pour point, flash point, specific gravity, ash content, viscosity, moisture ratio and acid value. On the basis of experimental work, it was found that the iron contamination decreased from 50 ppm to 13 ppm for composite solvent; for propane solvent it decreased up to 30 ppm and 15 ppm for acid treatment. Results from the flash point, pour point, viscosity, specific gravity, and ash percentage were improved at different degrees, but the best results were seen by using the composite solvent with having drawback of expensiveness.

Experimental Study on the Tribological Characteristics of Nanometer WS2 Lubricating Oil Additive Based on Engine Oil

2011 ◽  
Vol 328-330 ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Bin Chen ◽  
Da Heng Mao ◽  
Chen Shi ◽  
Yang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Contrast Study ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Grinding Conditions ◽  
Lubricating Oil Additive ◽  
Great Wall ◽  
Better Than

Nano-WS2(tungsten disulfide nanoparticles)lubricating oil additive, prepared by the nanometer WS2particulates and semi-synthetic engine base oil as raw materials, was added into Great Wall engine oil with different mass ratio. With a contrast study on these oil samples, the results show that it can improve the extreme pressure, antiwear and viscosity-temperature properties of the engine oil effectively by adding a certain amount of nano-WS2additive, and the optimal concentration is 2wt%. The oil film strength, sintering load and viscosity index of this lubricating oil is respectively 1.35 times, 1.58 times and 1.05 times as that of Great Wall engine oil. In addition, when tested under the grinding conditions of 392 N, 1450 r /min and 30 min, the diameter of worn spot reduces 0.018mm, and the average friction coefficients of friction pairs decrease 16.3%, both of which are lubricated by the oil containing nano-WS2additive. Meanwhile, the experiments testify that the tribological and viscosity-temperature properties of the nano-WS2additive are better than that of the Henkel MoS2additive.

New Algorithm for Engine Oil Identification by Infrared Spectrum

2014 ◽  
Vol 1081 ◽  
pp. 353-357
Author(s):  
Yong Gang Shi ◽  
Hao Wen ◽  
Hai Feng Gong ◽  
Zi Cun Li ◽  
Bin Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectrum ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Evaluation Index ◽  
Weight Factor ◽  
Engine Oils ◽  
Composition Characteristics

Based on structure and composition characteristics of engine oil, the new algorithm for its Infrared Spectrum (IR) Identification has been put forward. The Hit Quality Index and Related Hit Quality Index are widely used in Infrared Spectrum Identification recently. The two methods don’t take the importance of the variables into consideration and cannot distinguish the unobvious variation in IR spectra. Therefore the diversity weight factor was introduced into the new algorithm to promote its selectivity. The experimental results had shown that the new spectrum similarity evaluation index could distinguish the unobvious spectrum variations and to improve the infrared spectrum identification capability of engine oils.

scholarly journals Study on the Prospects of Use the Group D Engine Oil in Locomotive Diesel Engines

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.3) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Andrii Кravets ◽  
Andrii Yеvtushenko ◽  
Andrii Pogrebnyak ◽  
Yevhenii Romanovych ◽  
Heorhii Afanasov
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Group V ◽  
Engine Oils ◽  
Oil Fuel ◽  
Continuous Use ◽  
Group D ◽  
Locomotive Diesel

It was suggested to use group D engine oil with advanced properties instead of group V and G engine oils, which are used in locomotive diesel engines today, to improve the performance of the Ukrainian locomotive fleet of railways.A series of comparative laboratory studies of these oil groups was conducted to substantiate this suggestion which proved better lubrication and tribological performance of group D engine oil and allowed its performance tests.Tests conducted on diesel 5D49 for mileage of more then 100,000 km have demonstrated the advantages of group D oils, such as more stable viscosity, neutralizing ,washing and other properties. Studies on the four-ball wear test machine proved better anti-wear, anti-scoring and anti-friction properties of group D engine oil, which appear even after the continuous use of oils in locomotive diesels. Decrease in burning loss of engine oil was recorded, resulting in the decrease of oil fuel consumption for group D by 30-60% vs. the group G oil.According to the results of performance tests, group D engine oil has been recommended for the use in 5D49 locomotive diesels and some advice on its future implementation have been provided.  

Heat Transfer Properties of Engine Oils

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Wrenick ◽  
Paul Sutor ◽  
Harold Pangilinan ◽  
Ernest E. Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Specific Heat ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Group V ◽  
Engine Oils ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluids ◽  
Transfer Properties

The thermal properties of engine oil are important traits affecting the ability of the oil to transfer heat from the engine. The larger the thermal conductivity and specific heat, the more efficiently the oil will transfer heat. In this work, we measured the thermal conductivity and specific heat of a conventional mineral oil-based diesel engine lubricant and a Group V-based LHR diesel engine lubricant as a function of temperature. We also measured the specific heat of ethylene glycol. The measured values are compared with manufacturers’ data for typical heat transfer fluids. The Group V-based engine oil had a higher thermal conductivity and slightly lower specific heat than the mineral oil-based engine oil. Both engine oils had values comparable to high-temperature heat transfer fluids.

scholarly journals A Measurement Method of Microsphere with Dual Scanning Probes

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang ◽  
Huang ◽  
Xu ◽  
Cheng ◽  
Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Method ◽  
Coordinate Measuring Machine ◽  
Quartz Tuning Fork ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Scanning Probes ◽  
Repeatability Error ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Size Standard ◽  
Measuring Machine ◽  
Tungsten Tip

The probe tip of a micro-coordinate Measuring Machine (micro-CMM) is a microsphere with a diameter of hundreds of microns, and its sphericity is generally controlled within tens to hundreds of nanometers. However, the accurate measurement of the microsphere morphology is difficult because of the small size and high precision requirement. In this study, a measurement method with two scanning probes is proposed to obtain dimensions including the diameter and sphericity of microsphere. A series of maximum cross-sectional profiles of the microsphere in different angular directions are scanned simultaneously and differently by the scanning probes. By integrating the data of these maximum profiles, the dimensions of the microsphere can be calculated. The scanning probe is fabricated by combining a quartz tuning fork and a tungsten tip, which have a fine vertical resolution at a sub-nano scale. A commercial ruby microsphere is measured with the proposed method. Experiments that involve the scanning of six section profiles are carried out to estimate the dimensions of the ruby microsphere. The repeatability error of one section profile is 15.1 nm, which indicates that the measurement system has favorable repeatability. The mainly errors in the measurement are eliminated. The measured diameter and roundness are all consistent with the size standard of the commercial microsphere. The measurement uncertainty is evaluated, and the measurement results show that the method can be used to measure the dimensions of microspheres effectively.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation Enhancement of Kenaf Plant (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) Grown on Spent Oil Polluted Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Olajumoke Oke Fayinminnu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Oil pollution especially Spent Lubricating Oil is a wide environmental problem in Nigeria. It constitutes potential toxic effects on soil, flora, fauna and humans and also making the environment unsightly. This study assessed the potential of kenaf plant as a phytoremediator grown in spent oil polluted soil for a period of 84 days (12 weeks). Pot experiment was conducted in the Nursery site of the Moist Forest Research Station, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria (FRIN), Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. The treatments: amended (with organic manure) and unamended (without organic manure) soils and three pollution levels (0, 3 and 6%) of spent engine oil, each filled in eight-liter plastic pots with 6 kg soil. Growth parameters: plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves were collected and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) in soil was determined. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA. Results at 12 weeks (84 days) showed amended (control 0%) treatment having highest plant height (112.17 cm), stem diameter (8.92 cm) and number of leaves (178.43), while 6% unamended level of pollution had the lowest plant height (26.78 cm), stem height (1.62 cm) and number of leaves (8.06). Amended soil had the highest total percentage reduction of TPH (75.90, 90.05 and 90.30%), when compared with unamended soil with lowest values (76.88, 85.18 and 82.36%) at 0, 3 and 6 pollution levels, respectively. Reduction of TPH in the phytoremediation process was in this order of pollution levels 6%> 3%> 0%. This study revealed effectiveness of kenaf with organic amendment in remediating Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon in oil polluted soil, hence a good potential phytoremediator.

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