scholarly journals The Role of Wetland Plants on Wastewater Treatment and Electricity Generation in Constructed Wetland Coupled with Microbial Fuel Cell

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7454
Author(s):  
Ke Li ◽  
Jingyao Qi ◽  
Fuguo Zhang ◽  
Nicholas Miwornunyuie ◽  
Paulette Serwaa Amaniampong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Wetland Plant ◽  
Plant Component ◽  
Novel Technology ◽  
Overall Performance

CWMFC is a novel technology that has been used for almost a decade for concurrent wastewater treatment and electricity generation in varying scopes of domestic, municipal, and industrial applications since its implementation in 2012. Its advantage of low-cost enhanced wastewater treatment and sustainable bioelectricity generation has gained considerable attention. Nevertheless, the overall efficiency of this novel technology is inclined by several operating factors and configuration strands, such as pH, sewage composition, organic loading, electrode material, filter media, electrogens, hydraulic retention time, and macrophytes. Here, we investigate the effect of the wetland plant component on the overall performance of CWMFCs. The macrophyte’s involvement in the oxygen input, nutrient uptake, and direct degradation of pollutants for the required treatment effect and bioelectricity production are discussed in more detail. The review identifies and compares planted and unplanted CWMFC with their efficiency on COD removal and electricity generation based on previous and recent studies.

scholarly journals Treatment Of Tofu Industry Wastewater Using Bioreactor Anaerobic-Aerobic And Bioball As Media With Variation Of Hidraulic Retention Time

REAKTOR ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Ariani Dwi Astuti ◽  
Dewi Intania Ayu
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Small Industries

Tofu which is made by grinding soy bean, generates huge amount of wastewater and thus considered as one of the most polluted food-industrial effluent owing to its high values of organic contents. The small industries of tofu preparation process release the wastewater directly into the water body without being treated first. Prior to discharge this wastewater into the waterbody, the wastewater must be treated to reduce the possibility of negative impact and the contamination of the waterbody. For these small industries, the best alternative of wastewater treatment is one which has the following criteria: easy in operation, low cost operation, low volumes of sludge produced, and can be used in high concentration wastewater. In this research, bioreactor anaerobic-aerobic with media bioball is used. The highest removal efficiency of COD took place in anaerobic zones. Bioreactors were operated with the variations of retention time at 24 hours, 18 hours, and 12 hours. The COD removal efficiency for Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of 24 hours, 18 hours and 12 hours were found 90.3% (organic loading rate is 15.1 kg COD/m3.day), 84.4% and 76.3% respectively. The experiment showed that the longer of the hydraulic retention time (HRT), the higher the removal efficiency could be achieved. These occurred because a longer HRT will extend the contact time between wastewater and microorganisms attached. Therefore, microorganisms have a longer time to degrade organic matter in wastewater. Although the removal efficiency in these three-HRT was found high, the effluent of the reactor was still above the effluent standard based on regulation of Ministry of Environmental Permen LH No. 5/2014. Kinetics using Eckenfelder Equation results R2 equal to 0.9991, n equal to 0.293 and K equivalent to 7.3577 mg/L. Keywords: tofu wastewater, anaerobe, aerobe, bioball, wastewater, treatment, attached growth

scholarly journals Role of Nanomaterials in the Treatment of Wastewater: A Review

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asim Ali Yaqoob ◽  
Tabassum Parveen ◽  
Khalid Umar ◽  
Mohamad Nasir Mohamad Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Flowing Water ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Modern Equipment ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types

Water is an essential part of life and its availability is important for all living creatures. On the other side, the world is suffering from a major problem of drinking water. There are several gases, microorganisms and other toxins (chemicals and heavy metals) added into water during rain, flowing water, etc. which is responsible for water pollution. This review article describes various applications of nanomaterial in removing different types of impurities from polluted water. There are various kinds of nanomaterials, which carried huge potential to treat polluted water (containing metal toxin substance, different organic and inorganic impurities) very effectively due to their unique properties like greater surface area, able to work at low concentration, etc. The nanostructured catalytic membranes, nanosorbents and nanophotocatalyst based approaches to remove pollutants from wastewater are eco-friendly and efficient, but they require more energy, more investment in order to purify the wastewater. There are many challenges and issues of wastewater treatment. Some precautions are also required to keep away from ecological and health issues. New modern equipment for wastewater treatment should be flexible, low cost and efficient for the commercialization purpose.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF A WETLAND SYSTEM IN THE POST-TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo Zacarkim ◽  
Luciano Caetano De Oliveira ◽  
Nayara Symanski ◽  
Fernando Rodolfo Espinoza Quinõnes ◽  
Soraya Moreno Palácio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Wetland System ◽  
Simple Technology ◽  
Conventional Systems

The study was based on a surface flow wetland system, using the macrophyte Eicchornia crassipes. The use of wetlands as an alternative in the wastewater treatment process has been employed due to the handling and simple technology, addition to the low cost compared to conventional systems. Three hydraulic retention times, they are 4, 6 and 8 days were analyzed. In general the system showed significant results in relation to removals of nutrients for all TRH reviews, where the hydraulic retention time of 6 days achieved the best performance. The proposed system achieved 79.91% reductions for COD, 83.51% of Total Phosphorus, Total Nitrogen 67.93%, 87.7% chromium and 52% Sulfur.

scholarly journals Assessing the factors influencing the performance of constructed wetland–microbial fuel cell integration

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang Jingyu ◽  
Nicholas Miwornunyuie ◽  
David Ewusi-Mensah ◽  
Desmond Ato Koomson
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Wetland Plants ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Constructed wetland coupled microbial fuel cell (CW-MFC) systems integrate an aerobic zone and an anaerobic zone to treat wastewater and to generate bioenergy. The concept evolves based on the principles of constructed wetlands and plant MFC (one form of photosynthetic MFC) technologies, of which all contain plants. CW-MFC have been used in a wide range of application since their introduction in 2012 for wastewater treatment and electricity generation. However, there are few reports on the individual components and their performance on CW-MFC efficiency. The performance and efficiency of this technology are significantly influenced by several factors such as the organic load and sewage composition, hydraulic retention time, cathode dissolved oxygen, electrode materials and wetland plants. This paper reviews the influence of the macrophyte (wetland plants) component, substrate material, microorganisms, electrode material and hydraulic retention time (HRT) on CW-MFC performance in wastewater treatment and electricity generation. The study assesses the relationship between these parameters and discusses progress in the development of this integrated system to date.

The Role of Tourmaline Particles in the Moving Bed Bioreator for Coking Wastewater Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 321-324 ◽  
pp. 192-195
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Coking Wastewater ◽  
Excess Sludge ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
Environmental Material

Tourmaline is a kind of natural low-cost mineral material. It has a number of unique physical properties and has been a kind of promising environmental material in wastewater treatment. This study was to investigate the aerobic biofilm treatment of coking wastewater with and without tourmaline addition. The results indicated that tourmaline added in moving bed bioreactor (MBBR) process could enhance the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD).The organic contaminants could be removed by tourmaline added. The mechanisms of increase of organic contaminants removal may correlate to the existence of tourmaline spontaneous electrode. Micrograph of the excess sludge in the tourmaline-MBBR system indicated that the tourmaline added could be the carrier of the microbe and also affect the biomass and pollutant removal.

scholarly journals Lampiran 5B paper An Investigation into the Use of Sand Media Planted with Thypa latifolia in Constructed Wetland Ecotechnology in Removing Organic matter, Suspended Solids and Nutrients from Domestic Wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philiphi de Rozari
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
West Timor

Deterioration of water quality continues to be a major concern in West Timor. Establishment of wastewater treatment is crucial for eliminating this problem. Constructed wetland (CW) ecotechnologies are an alternative low-cost wastewater treatment to solve wastewater problems in West Timor. This research aimed to compare the effectiveness of Thypa latifolia in CWs for the removal of BOD5, suspended solids, NH4-N, and PO4-P. The experimental design consisted of 6 (20 L) vertical flow mesocosms, 3 mesocosms planted with Thypa latifolia and 3 mesocosms as a control. The mesocosms were irrigated with synthetic wastewater for 7 months. The inflow had a 2-day hydraulic retention time. The inflow and outflow samples were monitored for BOD5, suspended solids, NH4-N, and PO4-P. The trend showed that the CWs planted with Thypa latifolia reduced significantly the BOD, suspended solids, and NH4-N. However, the presence of plant did not significantly reduce PO4-P. This indicated that the CWs planted with Thypa latifolia had a better performance in comparison with pure sand media

scholarly journals Behavior of horizontal sub-surface flow wetlands as an alternative for the wastewater treatment contaminated with florfenicol

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Catalina Rodriguez ◽  
Mary A Cardona ◽  
Gustavo Peñuela
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Biological Degradation ◽  
Cost Treatment ◽  
Treatment Alternatives ◽  
Maximum Removal

In recent years, the increase in the use and production of antibiotics for the protection of animals has been associated not only with human health problems due to bacterial resistance, but also with environmental problems, which have led to the deterioration of the water resources, since a large part of these are discharged into the environment without any type of treatment. This situation has highlighted the fact that a large part of the antibiotics are not efficiently removed in conventional wastewater treatment plants, being necessary to implement efficient and low-cost treatment alternatives. The evaluation of the removal of the antibiotic florfenicol was carried out using pilot horizontal subsurface flow wetlands, with a hydraulic retention time of 4.2 d, planted with macrophytes (Phragmites australis) and using concentrations of 10, 15, 20 and 25 mg/L of florfenicol. It was concluded that the removal of the antibiotic and the COD was decreasing over time, with a maximum removal percentage of 77.9% of florfenicol and 85.2% of COD during the first days of exposure. The results found allowed to demonstrate that florfenicol was not retained in the granular material of the wetlands, even in the macrophytes and that the predominant removal mechanism was biological degradation.

scholarly journals Isotherm Studies of Malachite Green Removal by Yarn Processing Sludge-Based Activated Carbon

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
Shu Hui Tang ◽  
Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Koh Activation ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Dye Wastewater ◽  
High Carbon Content ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Operation Cost

Abstract Adsorption is an effective wastewater treatment technique which has been widely used in various industrial applications. However, the high operation cost involving commercial activated carbon in industrial processes is the main drawback. Sewage sludge is an auspicious precursor of activated carbon owing to its high carbon content, rich functional groups, low cost, high availability and abundance. This research was aimed to establish the feasibility of converting yarn processing sludge into activated carbon by KI + KOH activation and char at 700 °C for 1 h. The effect of preparation strategies on the properties of sludge-based adsorbents (SBA) was reviewed. The applications of SBAs in the removal of dyes and model pollutants were discussed. The results from this study proved that the preparation of yarn processing sludge-based activated carbon via KI + KOH activation is feasible and effective in the adsorption of dye. This paper provides further insight on the preparation methods of sludge-based adsorbents and dye wastewater treatment using these adsorbents.

scholarly journals Performance of a reed bed system for faecal wastewater treatment: case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 993-998
Author(s):  
Md Imran Kabir ◽  
Muhammad Azizul Hoque ◽  
Bijit Kumar Banik
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Reed Bed ◽  
Green Solution ◽  
First Time ◽  
National Environmental

Abstract Reed bed systems (RBS) have potential to treat wastewater, and being interested in such green wastewater infrastructures, an RBS has been installed for the first time in Bangladesh to treat faecal wastewater, which comes from a low-cost community latrine at a refugee camp in Cox's Bazar area. An anaerobic baffle reactor was set followed by the RBS, which was operated continuously for four months at five different retention times (3–7 days). The RBS was found to retain, on average, about 92% of 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD), 69% of and 52% of . Importantly, the effluent concentration met the national environmental standard for all except for . Thus the optimum hydraulic retention time in RBS has been selected to be 3 days when the ion has been reduced at maximum rate. High positive correlation () was observed between and concentrations in effluent water as well. The results of this study, thus, partly support the RBS as an effective green solution for faecal wastewater treatment.

Review of Microbial Fuel Cells for Wastewater Treatment: Large-Scale Applications, Future Needs and Current Research Gaps

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Waller ◽  
Thomas A. Trabold
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Research Gaps

There is growing interest in innovative waste water treatment technologies that can utilize the inherent energy-producing potential of organic waste. A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a type of bioreactor that produces electricity by converting energy in the chemical bonds of organic material, through a catalytic reaction of microorganisms under anaerobic conditions. MFCs provide a promising low cost, highly efficient, and renewable energy-producing alternative to conventional wastewater treatments. MFC technology at the laboratory scale has advanced to the point where chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies (RE) over 90% are commonly achieved; however, low coulombic efficiencies (CE) and power densities often result when treating actual industrial and domestic wastewaters. In spite of their low energy recovery and power production, MFCs have been shown to be economically viable when factoring in costs savings from the sale of produced chemical byproducts and reduction of solid waste removal costs. However, further research of large-scale MFC wastewater treatment applications must be performed to determine the extent of their feasibility. This paper reviews several pilot-test MFC systems, addresses promising future industrial applications, and discusses current research gaps in MFC technology for wastewater treatment. Of particular interest in our research program is the use of MFCs to treat liquid-phase organic waste generated at food processing plants. Because of the general scalability of fuel cell systems, there is reason to believe that an MFC treatment system would be better suited to relatively small waste flow rates, unlike other treatment methods (e.g., anaerobic digestion) which typically require large volume to achieve economic viability.

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