scholarly journals A Proposal for Clothing Size Recommendation System Using Chinese Online Shopping Malls: The New Era of Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11215
Author(s):  
Ying Yuan ◽  
Myung-Ja Park ◽  
Jun-Ho Huh
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Recommendation System ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
The Body ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Lower Accuracy ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Size Data

Research was conducted in this study to design data-based size recommendation and size coding systems specifically for online shopping malls, expecting to lighten the burden of holding excessive inventories often caused by the high return rate in these online malls. The recommendation system has been implemented focusing mainly on size extraction and recommendation functions along with a UI (user interface). For the former function, data are necessary to extract customers’ sizes and, for instance, the system to be used in China adopts their Chinese standard body size GB/T (Chinese national standard) considering that there are a variety of body types in their substantial population. The system shows the most similar size dataset among the body size GB/T dataset to the customer once he/she inputs his/her height and weight. Each GB/T data was entered after categorizing it according to the proportion between height and weight. For the latter function, size recommendation, size coding was performed first for all the clothes by the shop owner by entering individual size data. The clothes providing the most suitable fit for the customer are recommended by the selection of that which has the smallest deviation between coded clothes size and the customer body data after performing a series of comparative calculations. To validate the effectiveness of the extraction, a method that checks whether the difference between extracted size and the body size that has been measured remains within the error range of 4cm was used. The result showed there to be an approximate 88% matching rate for women and a slightly lower accuracy of 80% for men. Moreover, the error rate was relatively smaller for the upper half clothing such as shirts, jackets, and blouses or one-piece dresses. Such a result may have been generated since the GB/T data were actually the average data entered 10 years prior without categorizing nationalities, ages, and body types in detail. This research emphasized the necessity of a database containing a more segmented human body size data, which can be effective for extracting and recommending sizes more accurately as the latest ones continue to accumulate.

scholarly journals Do algae blooms dilute the risk of trematode infections in threespine sticklebacks?

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 991-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Budria ◽  
Ulrika Candolin
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
The Body ◽  
Filamentous Algae ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Diplostomum Pseudospathaceum ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Trematode Infections ◽  
Macro Algae

Abstract Human-induced growth of macro-algae is often assumed to increase trematode infections in fishes by increasing the abundance and condition of the parasite’s intermediate host – snails – as this can boost the release of trematode larvae, cercariae, from the intermediate hosts. However, macro-algae can also impose barriers to the transmission of cercariae and reduce infections. We investigated whether an increased growth of filamentous algae affects the transmission of Diplostomum pseudospathaceum cercariae to the threespine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus, a common fish in eutrophied shallow waters. We exposed sticklebacks to trematode cercariae in the absence and presence of artificial filamentous algae, and recorded effects on the proportion of sticklebacks infected and the number of encysted metacercariae per fish. No significant effect of artificial algae on cercariae transmission was detected. However, the body size and the sex of the sticklebacks were strongly correlated with the number of encysted metacercariae per infected fish, with females and larger individuals being more infected. We discuss different factors that could have caused the difference in parasite transmission, including sex-related differences in body size and behaviour of sticklebacks.

Appraising Behaviour During Male-male Interaction in the Japanese Horned Beetle Trypoxylus Dichotomus Septentrionalis (Kono)

Behaviour ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihito Hongo
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Size Difference ◽  
Horn Length ◽  
Horned Beetle ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Contest Behaviour ◽  
Trypoxylus Dichotomus ◽  
Stage 1

AbstractDetailed contest behaviour of the Japanese horned beetle, Trypoxylus dichotomus septentrionalis, was examined in the field. Male-male interactions have three sequences, and in these sequences four behavioural stages were recognized. After two males encountered (Stage 1), they always faced and shoved each other with their horns (Stage 2: 'Shoving'). Then, if the horn length or body size difference between the contestants was large, one male began to retreat and was chased by the other male, and the interactions terminated (Stage 4A: 'Chasing'). If the difference was small, the interactions proceeded to the escalated fighting stage (Stage 3: 'Pry'), in which two males put their horns under their opponents and push and try to flip them up each other. The interactions, which proceeded to Stage 3, have two ways of termination. If the body size difference was large, one male was flipped up by the other male, and the interactions was terminated quickly (Stage 4B). If the difference was small, the interactions was not terminated so quickly and continued until one male began to retreat, proceeding to Stage 4A. It is suggested that males with shorter horns relative to the opponents avoid the escalated fighting stage, 'Pry', after perceiving the horn length difference during 'Shoving', which would be an appraising behaviour. Thus, 'Shoving' is the most important stage among all the interaction processes in that the highest proportion of judgement is made here. The great allometric variation of horn length would presently function more greatly for enhancing the efficiency of mutual appraisal than that in actual fighting.

A STUDY OF SIZE INHERITANCE IN THE HOUSE MOUSE: II. ANALYSIS OF FIVE PRELIMINARY CROSSES

1952 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hybrid Vigor ◽  
Female Body Size ◽  
Large Litter ◽  
Respective Parent ◽  
Selection Experiments ◽  
The Difference

Five crosses were made between mice of different body size, and over 2000 mice were raised in the F1, F2, and backcross generations. The body weight at 60 days after birth was used as the criterion of size. The male means were always larger than the corresponding female means and the difference in weight between the two sexes increased progressively with body size. Litter size and sequence had no effect on body size. The adequacy of the gram scale was tested with inconclusive results which indicated that in at least two crosses some other scale should be used. Log-grams were substituted for grams and gave a good fit in cross No. 3 but not in crosses Nos. 1 and 2. The evidence from selection experiments, environmental variability, and sex differences in size indicate that on a gram scale at least part of the factors which affect body size are proportionate rather than additive in nature. In all five crosses the F1 and F2 means are intermediate between the parents. The backcross means are halfway between the F1 and the respective parent. Only one cross showed increased size in the F1 which might be interpreted as due to heterosis. Reciprocal crosses gave significantly different results and the dissimilarity was carried over into the next generation. This difference was attributed to the environmental effects of female body size. As expected, the variances of the P1's and the F1 were similar but, contrary to expectation, the F2 variance was no larger than that of the F1. Litter size showed a different type of inheritance. One cross between P1's with mean litter sizes of 5.1 and 10.2 gave an F1 mean of 13.2 young. This was tentatively interpreted as dominance of large litter size and hybrid vigor allowing more embryoes to reach parturition.

Human Dimension and its Application in Product Design

2011 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 2485-2488
Author(s):  
Bi Juan Luo ◽  
Yong Quan Li ◽  
Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Product Design ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Dimension ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Application Method ◽  
Important Basis

Human design is an inevitable trend and development in product design. To achieve the goal of human design, master's physiology, psychology, design data is key data that must be followed. Among them, the body size of the designer to determine is an important basis for product dimensions. The article first analyzes the characteristics of the body size, application method of body size and application procedures, finally, small kitchen appliances storage cabinets design as an example, analyzing the appliances the body size in the product design.

Mating pattern, female reproduction and sexual size dimorphism in a narrow-mouthed frog (Microhyla fissipes)

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-257
Author(s):  
Guo-Hua Ding ◽  
Yun Tang ◽  
Zhi-Hua Lin ◽  
Xiao-Li Fan ◽  
Li Wei
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Sexual Size Dimorphism ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mating Pattern ◽  
Female Reproduction ◽  
Size Dimorphism ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Difference

Abstract The difference in body size and/or shape between males and females, called sexual size dimorphism, is widely accepted as the evolutionary consequence of the difference between reproductive roles. To study the mating pattern, female reproduction and sexual size dimorphism in a population of Microhyla fissipes, amplexus pairs were collected, and the snout-vent length of males and females, female reproductive traits and fertilization rate were measured. If the body size of amplexed females is larger than that of amplectant males, this is referred to as a female-larger pair, a phenomenon that was often observed for M. fissipes in this study. Interestingly, snout-vent length of males in male-larger pairs was greater than that in female-larger pairs, however the post-spawning body mass, clutch size, egg dry mass and clutch dry mass did not differ between both types of pairs. Snout-vent length of males was positively related to that of females in each amplexus pair. After accounting for the snout-vent lengths of females, we showed that snout-vent lengths of males in male-larger pairs were greater than those of females in female-larger pairs. The snout-vent length ratio of males and females was not related to fertilization rate in each amplexus pair. The mean fertilization rate was not different between both amplexus pairs. These results suggest that (1) M. fissipes displays female-biased sexual size dimorphism and has two amplexus types with size-assortative mating; (2) the snout-vent length ratio of males and females in each amplexus type was consistent with the inverse of Rensch’s rule, and was driven by the combined effect of sexual selection and fecundity selection; (3) females with a larger body size were preferred by males due to their higher fecundity, while the body size of males was not important for fertilization success.

scholarly journals Body size in beef cows and its influence on calf production

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 3299-3310
Author(s):  
Carina Crizel da Vara ◽  
◽  
Magali Floriano da Silveira ◽  
Ricardo Zambarda Vaz ◽  
João Restle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Productive Efficiency ◽  
The Body ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
The Difference

Cattle farming becomes more intensive when the productive efficiency of the cows is increased, and nutrition is adjusted to the animal biotype. Eighty purebred Charolais and Nellore cows and their crosses between 3 and 7 years of age, were grouped for body weight at calving into Light (332.6 kg), Moderate (385.3 kg) and Heavy (444.6 kg). Cows and their calves were weighed at calving, at 63 days (early weaning) and at 210 days. The estimated milk production of the cows was evaluated by manual milking at 21, 42 and 63 days postpartum. The difference in the weight of the cows at calving was maintained during lactation and at 210 days postpartum. The body size of the cow did not influence milk production. Heavier cows produce heavier calves up to 365 days of age compared to lighter cows. The reproductive performance of the cows is not affected by their weight. The production of kilograms of calf for every 100 kilograms of cow at calving and weaning is higher in Light cows. The production of kilograms of calf adjusted for the pregnancy rate of the cows is higher in Heavy cows. Production efficiency in kilograms of calf per area is lower in Heavy cows.

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan anak-anak usia 7-11 tahun di Surabaya: Ketidaksesuaian berat badan dengan referensi WHO

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Sakina Sakina ◽  
Fundhy S I Prihatanto ◽  
Desy Purwidyastuti ◽  
Myrtati D Artaria
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Size ◽  
The Body ◽  
Growth Chart ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Drug Dosing ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Normal Body Weight ◽  
Growth References ◽  
The Difference

Body size is strongly considered in making medical decisions, selecting medical instruments, drug dosing, and asessment of children’s growth. References of body size based on Caucasian population are widely used nowadays. Unfortunately, these references might have significant differences with others population. A specific study in Indonesian population is needed especially to make its own reference of growth. This research is aimed to get body weight (BW) data from children aged 7-11 years in Surabaya. This research was conducted to 656 children aged 7-11 years. Anthropometer was used to get BW data. Measurement was performed in the morning. All data were plotted to WHO growth chart. Based on the data percentils, we created BW growth chart for specific age and sex.We found an increasing trend with increasing age especially in girls. The increasing trend is better observed in girls. BW data which was plotted to WHO growth chart revealed that in many younger children had normal body weight and even overweight, unfortunately when entering pubertal age some of these children were underweight. Older children has lineary correlated with BW. Data plotting to WHO growth chart reveals that the younger children grew normally according to the reference, but then at later phase they did not follow the reference. This trend is similar to a previous studies, so that this strenghten our supposition that the difference between the WHO Growth Chart and the body growth of children in Indonesian area is not caused by lack of nutrition.

scholarly journals Mapping of quantitative trait loci underlying a magic trait in ongoing ecological speciation

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsumi Takahashi ◽  
Atsushi J. Nagano ◽  
Teiji Sota
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Cichlid Fish ◽  
Ecological Speciation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Speciation Event ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background Telmatochromis temporalis is a cichlid fish endemic to Lake Tanganyika. The normal and dwarf morphs of this fish are a clear example of ongoing ecological speciation, and body size plays an important role in this speciation event as a magic trait. However, the genetic basis underlying this trait has not been studied. Results Based on double-digested restriction-site associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing of a hybrid cross between the morphs that includes F0 male, F0 female, and 206 F2 individuals, we obtained a linkage map consisting of 708 ddRAD markers in 22 linkage groups, which corresponded to the previously reported Oreochromis niloticus chromosomes, and identified one significant and five suggestive quantitative trait loci (QTL) for body size. From the body-size distribution pattern, the significant and three of the five suggestive QTL are possibly associated with genes responsible for the difference in body size between the morphs. Conclusions The QTL analysis presented here suggests that multiple genes, rather than a single gene, control morph-specific body size. The present results provide further insights about the genes underlying the morph specific body size and evolution of the magic trait during ecological speciation.

Our Bodies, Whose Property?

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Personal Autonomy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
Human Organs ◽  
Property Owners ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

No one wants to be treated like an object, regarded as an item of property, or put up for sale. Yet many people frame personal autonomy in terms of self-ownership, representing themselves as property owners with the right to do as they wish with their bodies. Others do not use the language of property, but are similarly insistent on the rights of free individuals to decide for themselves whether to engage in commercial transactions for sex, reproduction, or organ sales. Drawing on analyses of rape, surrogacy, and markets in human organs, this book challenges notions of freedom based on ownership of our bodies and argues against the normalization of markets in bodily services and parts. The book explores the risks associated with metaphors of property and the reasons why the commodification of the body remains problematic. The book asks what is wrong with thinking of oneself as the owner of one's body? What is wrong with making our bodies available for rent or sale? What, if anything, is the difference between markets in sex, reproduction, or human body parts, and the other markets we commonly applaud? The book contends that body markets occupy the outer edges of a continuum that is, in some way, a feature of all labor markets. But it also emphasizes that we all have bodies, and considers the implications of this otherwise banal fact for equality. Bodies remind us of shared vulnerability, alerting us to the common experience of living as embodied beings in the same world. Examining the complex issue of body exceptionalism, the book demonstrates that treating the body as property makes human equality harder to comprehend.

Theory-Practice Gap: The Experiences of Nigerian Nursing Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Titilayo Dorothy Odetola ◽  
Olusola Oluwasola ◽  
Christoph Pimmer ◽  
Oluwafemi Dipeolu ◽  
Samson Oluwayemi Akande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clinical Staff ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Practice Gap ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
Theory Practice Gap

The “disconnect” between the body of knowledge acquired in classroom settings and the application of this knowledge in clinical practice is one of the main reasons for professional fear, anxiety and feelings of incompetence among freshly graduated nurses. While the phenomenon of the theory-to-practice gap has been researched quite extensively in high-income country settings much less is known about nursing students’ experiences in a developing country context. To rectify this shortcoming, the qualitative study investigated the experiences of nursing students in their attempt to apply what they learn in classrooms in clinical learning contexts in seven sites in Nigeria. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse data gained from eight focus group discussions (n = 80) with the students. The findings reveal a multifaceted theory-practice gap which plays out along four tensions: (1) procedural, i.e. the difference between practices from education institutions and the ones enacted in clinical wards – and contradictions that emerge even within one clinical setting; (2) political, i.e. conflicts that arise between students and clinical staff, especially personnel with a lower qualification profile than the degree that students pursue; (3) material, i.e. the disconnect between contemporary instruments and equipment available in schools and the lack thereof in clinical settings; and (4) temporal, i.e. restricted opportunities for supervised practice owing to time constraints in clinical settings in which education tends to be undervalued. Many of these aspects are linked to and aggravated by infrastructural limitations, which are typical for the setting of a developing country. Nursing students need to be prepared regarding how to deal with the identified procedural, political, material and temporal tensions before and while being immersed in clinical practice, and, in so doing, they need to be supported by educationally better qualified clinical staff.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document