scholarly journals Acoustic Method of Quality Control of Two-Component Composite Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11594
Author(s):  
Zagira Saimanova ◽  
Sergey Sukhinin ◽  
Ainur Zhumadillayeva ◽  
Aigul Mukhametzhanova ◽  
Assemgul Smagulova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Speed Of Sound ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Acoustic Method ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Acoustic Quality ◽  
The Matrix

The features of using the acoustic method for accurately determining the concentration of components in two-component composite materials by measuring the speed of sound of long waves are described in this paper. Furthermore, explicit expressions for the volume concentrations of the matrix material and reinforcing particles or fibers of composite materials obtained by acoustic measurements are found. In addition, the advantages, features, and limits of the application of acoustic quality control of composite materials of various compositions and purposes are described. It is established that the methods for determining the concentration of components are valid for all types of composite materials, which are conveniently considered as phonon crystals. These results make it possible to more accurately determine or select a measuring cell for the experimental determination of the speed of sound. The mathematical problem to be solved is a purely exact inverse problem.

Polishing process effect on the image of dispersed precipitates

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 534-535
Author(s):  
C.T. Hu ◽  
C.W. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Material ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Precipitate Particle ◽  
Polishing Process ◽  
Second Phase Particles ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Surface Profiles ◽  
Thinning Process

One important problem in determination of precipitate particle size is the effect of preferential thinning during TEM specimen preparation. Figure 1a schematically represents the original polydispersed Ni3Al precipitates in the Ni rich matrix. The three possible type surface profiles of TEM specimens, which result after electrolytic thinning process are illustrated in Figure 1b. c. & d. These various surface profiles could be produced by using different polishing electrolytes and conditions (i.e. temperature and electric current). The matrix-preferential-etching process causes the matrix material to be attacked much more rapidly than the second phase particles. Figure 1b indicated the result. The nonpreferential and precipitate-preferential-etching results are shown in Figures 1c and 1d respectively.

Research of the Wood’s Alloy Crystallization Process Using the Acoustic Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 855-861
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Yu. Yaroslavkin ◽  
Eugene A. Tyurin ◽  
Darya A. Melnikova
Keyword(s):  
Speed Of Sound ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Ultrasonic Method ◽  
Single Pulse ◽  
Acoustic Method ◽  
The State ◽  
Sound Signal ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Wood’S Alloy

The article examines the process of crystallization of Wood alloy using the ultrasonic method. The dependence of the determination of the speed of sound in three aggregate states of the alloy (liquid, solid, transition (liquid-solid)) was derived. The relation-ship with the amplitude values of the sound signal, a single pulse in determining the speed of sound, as well as in determining the state of the alloy is carried out. The data obtained allow us to analyze the state of the alloy and the measurement time and the specified frequency range directly in the process of crystallization.

scholarly journals Evaluation of capabilities of the nanoindentation test in the determination of flow stress characteristics of the matrix material in porous sinters

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukasz Madej ◽  
Adam Legwand ◽  
Mohan Setty ◽  
Mateusz Mojzeszko ◽  
Konrad Perzyński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Stress ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Indentation Load ◽  
Nanoindentation Test ◽  
Load Range ◽  
Nanoindentation Measurement ◽  
The Matrix

AbstractHerein, we evaluate the nanoindentation test capabilities in the determination of flow stress characteristics of the matrix material in porous sinters. The Distaloy AB sample with 15% porosity after the sintering operation is selected as a case study for the investigation. 2D and 3D imaging techniques are employed first to highlight difficulties in identifying reliable nano hardness measurement zones for further properties evaluation. Then, nanoindentation test results are acquired with Berkovich tip pressed under various loads at different locations in the sample. Systematic indentations in the quartz sample are used as a cleaning procedure to minimize the effect of the possible build-up around the indenter tip. The representative indentation load range is selected based on the extracted material characteristics. With that, the stress–strain response of the sinter matrix material is identified. The reliability of the determined flow stress curve is confirmed with the use of conical nanoindentation measurement results and finite element simulations. Obtained results show that it is possible to calculate reliable flow stress characteristics of the matrix in the porous samples, with the assumption that experiments under various loading conditions and from various locations in the matrix are performed. It is also pointed out that various indentation loads should be used to eliminate the influence of the pile-up or scale effects that affect the overall material response.

scholarly journals Particularities of structure formation of aluminum-copper composite materials manufactured by casting technology

2020 ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
V. A. Kalinichenko ◽  
A. S. Kalinichenko ◽  
S. V. Grigoriev
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Structure Formation ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Matrix Alloy ◽  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Casting Technology ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Reinforcing Material ◽  
Copper Composite

To create friction pairs operating in severe working conditions, composite materials are now increasingly used. Composite materials obtained with the use of casting technologies are of interest due to the possibility to manufacture wide range of compositions at low price compared to powder metallurgy. Despite the fact that many composite materials have been sufficiently studied, it is of interest to develop new areas of application and give them the properties required by the consumer. In the present work the composite materials on the basis of silumin reinforced with copper granules were considered. Attention was paid to the interaction between the matrix alloy and the reinforcing phase material as determining the properties of the composite material. The analysis of distribution of the basic alloying elements in volume of composite material and also in zones of the interphases interaction is carried out. The analysis of the possibility of obtaining a strong interphase zone of contact between the reinforcing component and the matrix material without significant dissolution of the reinforcing material is carried out.

Process-Oriented Determination of Preform Permeability and Matrix Viscosity during Mold Filling in Resin Transfer Molding

2015 ◽  
Vol 825-826 ◽  
pp. 822-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dino Magagnato ◽  
Frank Henning
Keyword(s):  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Resin Transfer Molding ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Test Fluid ◽  
Transfer Molding ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Reactive Matrix

The resin transfer molding (RTM) offers great conditions for mass production of fiber reinforced plastics. In this process, preformed fiber textiles are infiltrated with matrix material (for example: epoxy resin). During the infiltration, the matrix material starts a curing process until the complete consolidation. After the de-molding and a short post-processing step, the final part is ready to use. To reduce the cycle time for the RTM manufacturing, it is necessary to model and predict the flow behavior of the matrix material in a realistic way. An important parameter is the preform permeability, which characterizes the flow resistance of fibers against the flowing matrix material.In this study a new measurement setup is presented, which is able to determine the permeability directly during the manufacturing process, with integrated pressure and temperature sensors. This approach has many advantages against conventional measurement setups, that try to recreate the RTM process with a simple replication. With these replicas, it is only possible to simulate low flow velocities and pressures. Dynamic effects that occur at higher velocities cannot be regarded. Furthermore, the new setup has the advantage that measurement artifacts, like capillarity, have a lower impact. In addition to that, the infiltration can be done with a constant viscosity test fluid as well as with reactive matrix material. Thus, it allows further determination of the time depending viscosity.

Composite Materials Based on EN AW-Al Cu4Mg1(A) Aluminum Alloy Reinforced with the Ti(C,N) Ceramic Particles

2006 ◽  
Vol 530-531 ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leszek Adam Dobrzański ◽  
Anna Włodarczyk-Fligier ◽  
Marcin Adamiak
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Uniform Distribution ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Aluminum Matrix ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Reinforcing Particles ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
The Matrix

Investigations of composite materials based on EN AW-Al Cu4Mg1(A) aluminum alloy reinforced with the Ti(C,N) particles with various weight ratios of 5, 10, and 15% are presented. Powders of the starting materials were mixed in the laboratory vibratory ball mill to acquire the uniform distribution of reinforcement particles in the matrix material. The components were initially compacted at cold state in a die with the diameter of ∅ 26 mm in the laboratory vertical unidirectional press – with a capacity of 350 kN. The obtained P/M compacts were heated to a temperature of 480÷500°C and finally extruded – with the extrusion pressure of 500 kN. Bars with a diameter of 8 mm were obtained as the end product. Based on the microstructural examinations of the obtained composite materials, the uniform distribution of the reinforcing particles in the aluminum matrix was revealed. Hardness tests, tensile tests and the ultimate compressive strength tests made it possible demonstrate that all these properties change along with the reinforcing particles concentration change.

Measurement of microscopic displacements in graphite/epoxy composite materials using a SEM-generated surface map

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-431
Author(s):  
R.C. Burghardt ◽  
J.M. Ehrman ◽  
T.C. Stephens ◽  
M.F. Hibbs
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Crack Tip ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Beam Current ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Sporting Goods

Graphite fiber-reinforced resin composite materials have a wide use in aerospace, automotive and sporting goods applications where high strength to weight ratios are requisite. Many of these materials use highly cross-linked epoxy resins as the matrix material. Unfortunately these resins have a low resistance to crack propagation and as a result research efforts have been directed towards reducing this tendency.The ability to measure microscopic displacements and calculate strain fields in the vicinity of a fracture crack tip under experimental conditions was needed in order to help predict the fracture resistance of various composite materials being tested. A technique was developed that made it possible to derive displacement measurements on a micrometer scale in the region of a crack tip from observations of epoxy-based composites being fractured using a tensile stage equipped scanning electron microscope (SEM). Samples were polished on the surface to be observed and sputter coated with 5 to 10 nanometers of either gold or 60:40 gold-palladium prior to mounting on the TS-2 tensile stage of a JEOL JSM-35CF. This instrument was also equipped with a Krisel beam interceptor, a beam current meter, a Tracor Northern TN-2000 x-ray analyzer and a TN-1310 digital beam control system. Using the digital beam and x-ray mapping capabilities a matrix of small dots was “written” onto the surface of the sample as shown in figure 1.

DETERMINATION OF THE POLYMERIZATION DEGREE OF THE MATRIX OF POLYMER COMPOSITE MATERIAL USING ULTRASONIC METHOD

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Victor V. Murashov ◽  
Valery M. Aleksashin ◽  
Konstantin S. Mishurov
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Ultrasonic Method ◽  
Acoustic Method ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Polymer Composite Material ◽  
Ultrasonic Vibrations ◽  
The Matrix

The results of studying the efficiency of the laser-acoustic method of ultrasonic testing in determination of the degree of polymerization of the matrix of polymer composite material (PCM) are presented. We have studied the PCM samples used for manufacturing integrated structures. It is shown that excessive degree of polymerization of the preformed blanks leads to a decrease in the strength of connection of the structural elements and precludes obtaining the desired shape and geometric dimensions of the product. We developed fundamentally new diagnostic parameters, which are characterized by high reliability and accuracy of determination. To forecast sample curing regimes with given values of the degree of transformation, the reaction kinetics was analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry Experimental results used for calculation of the kinetic parameters were obtained on a thermoanalytical complex DSC 1 (Switzerland). The kinetic parameters of polymerization and degree of binder curing in plastics were determined by the thermal effect of the reaction. It is shown that when determining the degree of polymerization of a PCM matrix by an ultrasonic method (laser-acoustic method of exciting ultrasonic vibrations), the product of attenuation of the bottom signal of longitudinal ultrasonic vibrations by the signal round-trip time and energy of the structural noise (thus taking into account the porosity of the material), can be used as reliable parameters of diagnostics. The proposed method provides higher accuracy compared to other methods used for control of the degree of polymerization.

scholarly journals Wear and mechanical prop erties of epoxy/MgO-SiO2 hybrid nanocomposites

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (26) ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Khalid R. Al-Rawi
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
Nano Composites ◽  
Hybrid Fillers ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Shear Mixing ◽  
Sio2 Nanocomposites

Preparation of epoxy/MgO and epoxy/SiO2 nanocomposites isstudding. The nano composites were processed by different nanofillers concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.07 and0.1 wt%). Epoxy resin and nanocomposites containing differentshape nano fillers of (MgO:SiO2 composites), are shear mixing withratio 1:1,with different nano hybrid fillers concentrations (0.025,0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 and 0.25 wt%) to preparation of epoxy/(MgOSiO2)hybrid nanocomposites. Experimental tests results indicate thatthe composite materials have significantly higher modulus ofelasticity than the matrix material but the hybrid nanocompositeshave lower modulus of elasticity. The wear rate was decreased innanocomposites and hybrid nanocomposites than the matrix materialand fatigue resistance was increased in nanocomposites and hybridnanocomposites than the matrix material.

Investigation of Al-Mg based composite incorporated with MoS2 through powder metallurgy

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440892098576
Author(s):  
S Senthil Kumar ◽  
R Sudhakara Pandian ◽  
P Pitchipoo ◽  
S Rajakarunakaran ◽  
S Rajesh
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Wear Loss ◽  
Pure Aluminium ◽  
Molybdenum Disulphide ◽  
Lubricant Property ◽  
The Matrix

In this study, powder metallurgy process has been utilized to produce the composite materials. Pure aluminium (Al) has been selected as the matrix material for the preparation of composite materials. 4% of magnesium (Mg) has been added as the alloying element, whilst molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) is reinforced with a varying wt.% (2, 4 & 6). The intent of this work is, to evaluate some basic mechanical properties (density, microhardness, compression strength and toughness), surface degradation properties (corrosion and wear), and electrical conductivity of the fabricated composite materials. Moreover, SEM mapping and EDAX analysis have been conducted to confirm the presence of reinforcement particles with homogenous distribution in the matrix material and to do the fractographic study of the compressive strength tested samples. The density of the composite material Al-4% Mg-6%MoS2 has been increased compared to the density of pure Al material. Micro Vickers hardness test shows that Al-4% Mg-6%MoS2 composite has 32.86% more hardness as compared to that of pure Al material. Compressive strength of the composite material with the higher wt.% of MoS2 is found to be 181.81 N/mm2, while Al material has only 167.52 N/mm2. The buckling formation during the compression test is avoided in the composite material owing to the existence of MoS2 particulates. The wear loss of composite materials is found low as compared with the unreinforced Al material, owing to the solid lubricant property of MoS2 particles, and hence, coefficient of friction (COF) is also lessened with the increase in the MoS2 wt.%. Also, the MoS2 reinforced materials show good resistance to corrosion due to the presence of molybdenum, which acts as a consistent layer obstacle to prevent the surface from further degradation.

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