scholarly journals Characterisation of a Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Torch for Medical Applications: Demonstration of Device Safety

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11864
Author(s):  
Adam Bennett ◽  
Takuya Urayama ◽  
Konstantinos Papangelis ◽  
Peter Yuen ◽  
Nan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Torch ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Exposure Limits ◽  
Treatment Area ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma

The safety and effectiveness of plasma devices are of crucial importance for medical applications. This study presents the novel design of an atmospheric plasma torch (SteriPlas) and its characterisation. The SteriPlas was characterised to ascertain whether it is safe for application on human skin. The emission spectrum discharged from the SteriPlas was shown to be the same as the emission from the MicroPlaSter Beta. The UV emitted from the SteriPlas was measured, and the effective irradiance was calculated. The effective irradiance enabled the determination of the maximum UV exposure limits, which were shown to be over two hours: significantly longer than the current two-minute treatment time. The use of an extraction system with a higher flow rate appears to reduce slightly the effective irradiance at the treatment area. The NOx and ozone emissions were recorded for both SteriPlas configurations. The NOx levels were shown to be orders of magnitude lower than their safety limits. The ozone emissions were shown to be safe 25 mm from the SteriPlas cage. A discussion of how safety standards differ from one regulatory body to another is given.

scholarly journals Concept for Improved Handling Ensures Effective Contactless Plasma Treatment of Patients with kINPen® MED

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 6133
Author(s):  
Veronika Hahn ◽  
Daniel Grollmisch ◽  
Hannes Bendt ◽  
Thomas von Woedtke ◽  
Bodo Nestler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Vacuum Ultraviolet ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Effective Area ◽  
Treatment Area ◽  
Pressure Plasma ◽  
Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Skin Decontamination

The nursing of patients with wounds is an essential part of medical healthcare. In this context, cold atmospheric-pressure plasma sources can be applied for skin decontamination and stimulation of wound healing. One of these plasma devices is the commercially available kINPen® MED (neoplas tools GmbH), a cold atmospheric-pressure plasma jet which is approved as a medical device, class-IIa. For the plasma treatment, a sterile disposable spacer is recommended to ensure a constant and effective distance between plasma and skin. The disadvantage of this spacer is its form and size which means that the effective axis/area is not visible for the attending doctor or qualified personnel and consequently it is a more or less intuitive treatment. In addition, the suggested perpendicular treatment is not applicable for the attending specialist due to lack of space or patient/wound positioning. A concept of a sensory unit was developed to measure the treatment distance and to visualize the effective treatment area for different angles. To determine the effective area for the plasma treatment, some exemplary methods were performed. Thus, the antimicrobial (Staphylococcus aureus DSM799/ATCC6538) efficacy, reactive oxygen species (ROS) distribution and (vacuum) ultraviolet ((V)UV) irradiation were determined depending on the treatment angle. Finally, a simplified first approach to visualize the effective treatment area at an optimal distance was designed and constructed to train attending specialists for optimal wound area coverage.

Modeling the Inactivation of Bacillus cereus in Tiger Nut Milk Treated with Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (11) ◽  
pp. 1828-1836 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALIYU IDRIS MUHAMMAD ◽  
RUILING LV ◽  
XINYU LIAO ◽  
WEIJUN CHEN ◽  
DONGHONG LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Weibull Model ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Inactivation Kinetics ◽  
Pressure Plasma ◽  
Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma

ABSTRACT The impact of cold atmospheric pressure plasma treatment on the inactivation kinetics of Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 and the resulting quality changes was investigated in tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) milk (TNM). The effect of input power (39, 43, and 46 W) and treatment time (0 to 270 s) was fitted using the Weibull model to represent the microbial kinetic inactivation in the treated TNM. Inactivation efficacy increased with an increase in treatment time and input power. A 5.28-log reduction was achieved at 39 to 46 W without significant changes in titratable acidity, whereas no reduction in titratable acidity was observed in the pasteurized sample. The inactivation kinetics was adequately described by the Weibull model. Higher input power of 43 and 46 W and 120 s of treatment resulted in marked decreases in pH, flavonoid concentration, and antioxidant activity compared with those parameters in pasteurized TNM. Increases in total color difference and phenolic concentrations also were observed. The results indicate that these changes were caused by the immanent plasma reactive species. This study provides valuable inactivation kinetics information for food safety assessment studies of B. cereus vegetative cells in TNM.

scholarly journals Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Treatment Modulates Human Monocytes/Macrophages Responsiveness

Plasma ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letizia Crestale ◽  
Romolo Laurita ◽  
Anna Liguori ◽  
Augusto Stancampiano ◽  
Maria Talmon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Macrophage Polarization ◽  
Immune Surveillance ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Viability Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Phenotype ◽  
Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Macrophages

Monocytes are involved in innate immune surveillance, establishment and resolution on inflammation, and can polarize versus M1 (pro-inflammatory) or M2 (anti-inflammatory) macrophages. The possibility to control and drive immune cells activity through plasma stimulation is therefore attractive. We focused on the effects induced by cold-atmospheric plasma on human primary monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages. Monocytes resulted more susceptible than monocyte-derived macrophages to the plasma treatment as demonstrated by the increase in reactive oxygen (ROS) production and reduction of viability. Macrophages instead were not induced to produce ROS and presented a stable viability. Analysis of macrophage markers demonstrated a time-dependent decrease of the M1 population and a correspondent increase of M2 monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). These findings suggest that plasma treatment may drive macrophage polarization towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype.

scholarly journals Development of a Multihole Atmospheric Plasma Jet for Growth Rate Enhancement of Broccoli Seeds

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1134
Author(s):  
Khattiya Srakaew ◽  
Artit Chingsungnoen ◽  
Waraporn Sutthisa ◽  
Anthika Lakhonchai ◽  
Phitsanu Poolcharuansin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Plasma Jet ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet ◽  
Pressure Plasma ◽  
Significant Difference

This work aims to develop a multihole atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) device to increase the plasma area and apply it to a continuous seed treatment system. Broccoli seed was used to study the effects of an atmospheric pressure plasma jet on seed germination and growth rate. An argon flow rate of 4.2 lpm, a plasma power of 412 W, and discharge frequency of 76 kHz were used for seed treatment. The contact angle decreased strongly with the increase in treatment time from 20 s to 80 s. The broccoli seed’s outer surface morphology seemed to have been slightly modified to a smoother surface by the plasma treatment during the treatment time of 80 s. However, the cross-sectional images resulted from Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) confirmed no significant difference between seeds untreated and treated by plasma for 80 s. This result indicates that plasma does not affect the bulk characteristics of the seed but does provide delicate changes to the top thin layer on the seed surface. After seven days of cultivation, the seed treated by plasma for 30 s achieved the highest germination and yield.

scholarly journals Cold Atmospheric Pressure Argon Plasma Jet Assisted Degradation of Malachite Green (MG) Aqueous Solution

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Vasu D ◽  
Ramkumar M.C ◽  
Arunkumar A ◽  
Navaneetha Pandiyaraj K
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Malachite Green ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Pressure Plasma ◽  
Plasma Treatment Time ◽  
Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma

The oxidative degradation of cold atmospheric pressure plasma assisted degradation of malachite Green (MG) was investigated in this study. Cold atmospheric pressure plasma assisted MG degradation process was carried out as a function various plasma treatment time (05, 10, and 15 mins). The % of degradation and presence carbon content in the plasma treated MG was examined by UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and total organic carbon (TOC) analyzer. Optical emission spectrometer was used to identify formation of various reactive species during in situ plasma treatment. The higher degradation percentage of 90% was obtained after plasma treatment time of 15 min and value of TOC also found to decreased significantly with increasing plasma treatment time.  Toxicity of the plasma-treated MG aqueous solution samples was also examined by Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) bacteria.

scholarly journals Efficiency of cold atmospheric plasma, cleaning powders and their combination for biofilm removal on two different titanium implant surfaces

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Kamionka ◽  
Rutger Matthes ◽  
Birte Holtfreter ◽  
Christiane Pink ◽  
Rabea Schlüter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Air Polishing ◽  
Biofilm Removal ◽  
Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma

Abstract Objectives Biofilm removal is the decisive factor for the control of peri-implantitis. Cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP) can become an effective aid due to its ability to destroy and to inactivate bacterial biofilm residues. This study evaluated the cleaning efficiency of CAP, and air-polishing with glycine (APG) or erythritol (APE) containing powders alone or in combination with CAP (APG + CAP, APE + CAP) on sandblasted/acid etched, and anodised titanium implant surface. Materials and methods On respective titanium discs, a 7-day ex vivo human biofilm was grown. Afterwards, the samples were treated with CAP, APG, APE, APG + CAP, and APE + CAP. Sterile and untreated biofilm discs were used for verification. Directly after treatment and after 5 days of incubation in medium at 37 °C, samples were prepared for examination by fluorescence microscopy. The relative biofilm fluorescence was measured for quantitative analyses. Results Air-polishing with or without CAP removed biofilms effectively. The combination of air-polishing with CAP showed the best cleaning results compared to single treatments, even on day 5. Immediately after treatment, APE + CAP showed insignificant higher cleansing efficiency than APG + CAP. Conclusions CAP supports mechanical cleansing and disinfection to remove and inactivate microbial biofilm on implant surfaces significantly. Here, the type of the powder was not important. The highest cleansing results were obtained on sandblasted/etched surfaces. Clinical relevance. Microbial residuals impede wound healing and re-osseointegration after peri-implantitis treatment. Air-polishing treatment removes biofilms very effectively, but not completely. In combination with CAP, microbial free surfaces can be achieved. The tested treatment regime offers an advantage during treatment of peri-implantitis.

scholarly journals Possibility to extend the shelf life of NFC tomato juice using cold atmospheric pressure plasma

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Starek ◽  
Agnieszka Sagan ◽  
Dariusz Andrejko ◽  
Barbara Chudzik ◽  
Zbigniew Kobus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Tomato Juice ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Thermal Method ◽  
Digital Microscopy ◽  
Chemical Waste ◽  
Pressure Plasma ◽  
Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma

AbstractCold Atmospheric pressure Plasma (CAP) is a non-thermal method used in food processing. CAP generated with the use of nitrogen in a Glide-arc device for 300 to 600 s exhibited high potential for microbial decontamination and did not induce substantial changes in the physicochemical properties of NFC tomato juice. Samples exposed to cold atmospheric plasma had mostly an intact structure, as revealed by digital microscopy. The investigations indicate that CAP can be applied for biological and chemical waste-free decontamination of food and extension of its shelf life.

Effect of atmospheric plasma torch on ballistic woven aramid

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (19) ◽  
pp. 2358-2367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A Martinez ◽  
Juana Abenojar ◽  
Belen Enciso ◽  
Francisco J Velasco
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Torch ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Peel Test ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Polar Component ◽  
Adhesion Ability ◽  
Polymeric Surface ◽  
Enhanced Resistance ◽  
Adhesive Penetration ◽  
Micro Topography

Atmospheric pressure plasma torch (APPT) is a cold plasma technique that can be used to treat materials with a polymeric surface in an environmentally friendly way. The treatment modifies the topography and chemistry of the surfaces. The effect of APPT on woven aramid is studied with the aim of enhancing its impact strength for ballistic applications. The shielding, laminated with several layers of woven and resin, can better resist projectile penetration. Woven aramid has low wettability due to its low polarity. Therefore adhesives penetrate the woven fibers with difficulty. APPT treatment considerably increases the polar component of the surface energy and the wettability is improved. Changes in the micro-topography and chemical composition that generate enhanced adhesion are investigated. The adhesion ability was determined by adhesion pull-off test, T-peel test, and impact test. Two types of adhesives were used: an elastic one (polyurethane-based, with elastoplastic mechanical behavior) and a rigid one (epoxy-based). Composites made with woven aramid treated with APPT exhibit an enhanced resistance to impact in terms of elastic energy recovery due to the greater degree of adhesive penetration between the woven fibers of each layer and better transfer of loads.

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