High Crystalline Quality Conductive Polypyrrole Film Prepared by Interface Chemical Oxidation Polymerization Method

The authors report that polypyrrole (PPy) films with large area and high crystalline quality have been achieved using an interfacial chemical oxidation method. By dissolving different reactants in two immiscible solvents, the PPy is synthetized at the interface region of the two solutions. The PPy films have sharp XRD diffraction peaks, indicating that the molecular chains in the film are arranged in a high degree of order and that they reflect high crystalline quality. High crystal quality is also conducive to improving electrical conductivity. The conductivity of the as prepared PPy film is about 0.3 S/cm, and the carrier mobility is about 5 cm2/(Vs). In addition, the biggest advantage of this method is that the prepared PPy film has a large area and is easy to transfer to other substrates. This will confidently broaden the application of PPy in the future.

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Enhanced cycling stability of silicon anode by in situ polymerization of poly(aniline-co-pyrrole)

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c4ra07674e ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (96) ◽

pp. 54134-54139 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Qingtao Wang ◽

Ruirong Li ◽

Dong Yu ◽

Xiaozhong Zhou ◽

Jian Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anode Material ◽

In Situ Polymerization ◽

Chemical Oxidation ◽

Silicon Anode ◽

Composite Anode ◽

Chemical Oxidation Polymerization ◽

Si Nanoparticles ◽

Polymerization Method ◽

Poly Aniline

Poly(aniline-co-pyrrole)-encapsulated Si nanoparticles composite anode material were prepared by an in situ chemical oxidation polymerization method.

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Polythiophene coated aromatic polyimide enabled ultrafast and sustainable lithium ion batteries

Journal of Materials Chemistry A ◽

10.1039/c7ta07893e ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (46) ◽

pp. 24083-24090 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Hailong Lyu ◽

Jiurong Liu ◽

Shannon Mahurin ◽

Sheng Dai ◽

Zhanhu Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Composite Electrode ◽

Electrode Materials ◽

High Capacity ◽

Lithium Ion ◽

Chemical Oxidation ◽

High Rate ◽

Aromatic Polyimide ◽

Chemical Oxidation Polymerization ◽

Polymerization Method

Organic composite electrode materials based on aromatic polyimide (PI) and electron conductive polythiophene (PT) have been prepared by a facile in situ chemical oxidation polymerization method. The optimized composite electrode PI30PT delivers a remarkable high-rate cyclability, achieving a high capacity of 89.6 mA h g−1 at 20 C with capacity retention of 94% after 1000 cycles.

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Inorganic Doped Dl-Polylactide Polyaniline Based Composite for Methane (Ch4) Gas Sensing

10.34256/ioriip2127 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 191-201

Author(s):

Muktikanta Panigrahi ◽

◽

Basudam Adhikari ◽

Keyword(s):

Composite Film ◽

Electronic Transition ◽

Gas Sensing ◽

Chemical Oxidation ◽

Methane Gas ◽

Chemical Oxidation Polymerization ◽

Uv Visible ◽

Chemical Groups ◽

Gas Response ◽

Polymerization Method

Polyaniline (PANI) nonofibriles have been successfully synthesised by simple chemical-oxidation polymerization method using aniline as a predecessor at room temperature. It was synthesized using H3PO4 dopants. The structure, chemical groups, and electronic transition were investigated by SEM, FTIR, and UV Visible. We present the methane gas response of as-prepared H3PO4 doped DL−PLA/PANI-ES composite film at different concentration. The percentage (%) methane gas response was found to be 9 % at 500ppm.

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Realization of 270 nm band AlGaN based UV-LEDs on large area AlN templates with high crystalline quality

physica status solidi (c) ◽

10.1002/pssc.200880929 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (S2) ◽

pp. S462-S465 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Takayoshi Takano ◽

Hideki Hirayama ◽

Sachie Fujikawa ◽

Kenji Tsubaki

Keyword(s):

Crystalline Quality ◽

Large Area ◽

High Crystalline Quality ◽

Uv Leds

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Preparation of PANI Modified ZnO Composites via Different Methods: Structural, Morphological and Photocatalytic Properties

Water ◽

10.3390/w13081025 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1025

Author(s):

Nazli Turkten ◽

Yunus Karatas ◽

Miray Bekbolet

Keyword(s):

Raman Spectroscopy ◽

Chemical Oxidation ◽

Emeraldine Base ◽

Hybridization Method ◽

X Ray ◽

In Situ Chemical Oxidation ◽

Chemical Oxidation Polymerization ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Polymerization Method

Polyaniline modified zinc oxide (PANI-ZnO) photocatalyst composites were synthesized by focusing on dissolution disadvantage of ZnO. In-situ chemical oxidation polymerization method was performed under neutral conditions (PANI-ES) whereas in hybridization method physical blending was applied using emeraldine base of polyaniline (PANI-EB). PANI-ZnO composites were prepared in various ratios of aniline (ANI) to ZnO as 1%, 3%, 6% and 9%. The alterations on the structural and morphological properties of PANI-ZnO composites were compared by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Raman Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis Unit (SEM-EDAX) techniques. FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the presence of PANI in all composites. SEM images revealed the morphological differences of PANI-ZnO composites based on PANI presence and preparation methods. Photocatalytic performances of PANI-ZnO specimens were investigated by following the degradation of methylene blue (MB) in aqueous medium under UVA irradiation. The effects of catalyst dose and initial dye concentration were also studied. MB degradation was followed by both decolorization extents and removal of aromatic fractions. PANI-ZnO composites expressed enhanced photocatalytic performance (~95% for both methods) as compared to sole ZnO (~87%). The hybridization method was found to be more efficient than the in-situ chemical oxidation polymerization method emphasizing the significance of the neutral medium.

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Enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption of engineered epoxy nanocomposites with the assistance of polyaniline fillers

Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials ◽

10.1007/s42114-022-00417-2 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Jiang Guo ◽

Zhuoran Chen ◽

Xiaojian Xu ◽

Xu Li ◽

Hu Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Electromagnetic Wave ◽

Chemical Oxidation ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Epoxy Nanocomposites ◽

Electromagnetic Wave Absorption ◽

Wave Absorption ◽

Chemical Oxidation Polymerization ◽

Absorption Performance ◽

Polymerization Method

AbstractIn this work, the engineered polyaniline (PANI)/epoxy composites reinforced with PANI-M (physical mixture of PANI spheres and fibers) exhibit significantly enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption performance and mechanical property. Due to the synergistic effect of PANI fillers with different geometries, the reflection loss of 10.0 wt% PANI-M/epoxy could reach − 36.8 dB at 17.7 GHz. Meanwhile, the mechanical properties (including tensile strength, toughness, and flexural strength) of PANI/epoxy were systematically studied. Compared with pure epoxy, the tensile strength of epoxy with 2.0 wt% PANI-M was improved to 86.2 MPa. Moreover, the PANI spheres (PANI-S) and PANI fibers (PANI-F) were prepared by the chemical oxidation polymerization method and interface polymerization method, respectively. The characterizations including scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and X-ray diffraction were applied to analyze the morphology and chemical and crystal structures of PANI filler. This work could provide the guideline for the preparation of advanced engineered epoxy nanocomposites for electromagnetic wave pollution treatment. Graphical abstract

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Feasibility of Molecular Structure Determination With a High Resolution Electron Microscope

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100101438 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 338-339

Author(s):

T. A. Welton

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Substrate Surface ◽

Helical Axis ◽

Base Plane ◽

Resolution Electron ◽

High Resolution Electron Microscope ◽

High Degree ◽

Degree Of Order ◽

Purine Pyrimidine

An ultimate design goal for an improved electron microscope, aimed at biological applications, is the determination of the structure of complex bio-molecules. As a prototype of this class of problems, we propose to examine the possibility of reading DNA sequence by an imaginable instrument design. This problem ideally combines absolute importance and relative simplicity, in as much as the problem of enzyme structure seems to be a much more difficult one.The proposed technique involves the deposition on a thin graphite lamina of intact double helical DNA rods. If the structure can be maintained under vacuum conditions, we can then make use of the high degree of order to greatly reduce the work involved in discriminating between the four possible purine-pyrimidine arrangements in each base plane. The phosphorus atoms of the back bone form in projection (the helical axis being necessarily parallel to the substrate surface) two intertwined sinusoids. If these phosphorus atoms have been located up to a certain point on the molecule, we have available excellent information on the orientation of the base plane at that point, and can then locate in projection the key atoms for discrimination of the four alternatives.

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Comparison of TEM and STM observations of small silver clusters on different carbon supports

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010017445x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 264-265

Author(s):

Bernd Tesche ◽

Tobias Schilling

Keyword(s):

Vibration Isolation ◽

Pyrolytic Graphite ◽

Carbon Film ◽

Silver Clusters ◽

Carbon Supports ◽

Stacking Order ◽

System P ◽

High Resolution Tem ◽

High Degree ◽

Degree Of Order

The objective of our work is to determine:a) whether both of the imaging methods (TEM, STM) yield comparable data andb) which method is better suited for a reliable structure analysis of microclusters smaller than 1.5 nm, where a deviation of the bulk structure is expected.The silver was evaporated in a bell-jar system (p 10−5 pa) and deposited onto a 6 nm thick amorphous carbon film and a freshly cleaved highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG).The average deposited Ag thickness is 0.1 nm, controlled by a quartz crystal microbalance at a deposition rate of 0.02 nm/sec. The high resolution TEM investigations (100 kV) were executed by a hollow-cone illumination (HCI). For the STM investigations a commercial STM was used. With special vibration isolation we achieved a resolution of 0.06 nm (inserted diffraction image in Fig. 1c). The carbon film shows the remarkable reduction in noise by using HCI (Fig. 1a). The HOPG substrate (Fig. 1b), cleaved in sheets thinner than 30 nm for the TEM investigations, shows the typical arrangement of a nearly perfect stacking order and varying degrees of rotational disorder (i.e. artificial single crystals). The STM image (Fig. 1c) demonstrates the high degree of order in HOPG with atomic resolution.

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The Organization of Actin Filaments in the Stereocilia of the Bird Cochlea

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s1431927600002452 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 38 ◽

pp. 554-555

Author(s):

E.J. Battles ◽

D. DeRosier ◽

J.C. Saunders ◽

L.G. Tilney

Keyword(s):

Hair Cell ◽

Diffraction Pattern ◽

Sea Urchin ◽

Actin Filaments ◽

Optical Diffraction ◽

Dense Material ◽

Apical Surface ◽

Structural Rigidity ◽

High Degree ◽

Degree Of Order

Extending from the apical surface of each hair cell of the chick cochlea are from 75 to 200 microvilli or stereocllia and one true cllium, the kinocilium. The stereocllia are arranged in rows of progressively increasing length (Fig. 1). Within each tapering sterocilium is a bundle of actin filaments with over 900 filaments near the tip yet only approximately 25 at the base where filaments are enmeshed in a dense material (Fig. 1); from here some of the filaments enter the apical surface of the cell (cuticular plate) as a rootlet. Examination of longitudinal sections of the stereocilia (Fig. 2) show that the filaments are aligned parallel to each other and show considerable order. Examination of an optical diffraction pattern of this bundle (Fig. 4) reveal that the actin filaments are packed such that the crossover points of adjacent actin filaments are inregister. A prominent reflection at 125Å−1 demonstrates that the filaments are cjossbridged by a macromolecular bridge situated at an average of 125Å−1 intervals (Fig. 4) in transverse sections the filaments appear hexagonally packed although there are regions where the filaments are less ordered (Fig. 3). In images processed in the computer to remove, noise and enhance detail periodic nature of the bridge can be clearly seen (see arrows Fig. 5). This image resembles that of an actin paracrystal formed from sea urchin extract composed of bundles of actin filaments crossbridged by a second protein. Thus the actin filaments in the bird stereocilia by being cross-bridged and packed with a high degree of order and produces a structure with considerable structural rigidity. Embryos were studied at various stages in development in an attempt to determine how the stereocilia form and how does the actin packing develops. These stages will be discussed.

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