scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Human Head Reconstruction Using Smartphone-Based Close-Range Video Photogrammetry

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Dalius Matuzevičius ◽  
Artūras Serackis
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithm ◽  
Human Head ◽  
3D Models ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Feature Points ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Reconstruction Quality ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Data Source

Creation of head 3D models from videos or pictures of the head by using close-range photogrammetry techniques has many applications in clinical, commercial, industrial, artistic, and entertainment areas. This work aims to create a methodology for improving 3D head reconstruction, with a focus on using selfie videos as the data source. Then, using this methodology, we seek to propose changes for the general-purpose 3D reconstruction algorithm to improve the head reconstruction process. We define the improvement of the 3D head reconstruction as an increase of reconstruction quality (which is lowering reconstruction errors of the head and amount of semantic noise) and reduction of computational load. We proposed algorithm improvements that increase reconstruction quality by removing image backgrounds and by selecting diverse and high-quality frames. Algorithm modifications were evaluated on videos of the mannequin head. Evaluation results show that baseline reconstruction is improved 12 times due to the reduction of semantic noise and reconstruction errors of the head. The reduction of computational demand was achieved by reducing the frame number needed to process, reducing the number of image matches required to perform, reducing an average number of feature points in images, and still being able to provide the highest precision of the head reconstruction.

Research on the application of 3D reconstruction technology in traditional handicraft design

2021 ◽  
pp. 002072092110052
Author(s):  
GuoLong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Poisson Equation ◽  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithm ◽  
Social Production ◽  
Design Constraint ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Key Steps ◽  
Shielding Design ◽  
Reconstruction Model

The use of computer technology for three-dimensional (3 D) reconstruction is one of the important development directions of social production. The purpose is to find a new method that can be used in traditional handicraft design, and to explore the application of 3 D reconstruction technology in it. Based on the description and analysis of 3 D reconstruction technology, the 3 D reconstruction algorithm based on Poisson equation is analyzed, and the key steps and problems of the method are clarified. Then, by introducing the shielding design constraint, a 3 D reconstruction algorithm based on shielded Poisson equation is proposed. Finally, the performance of two algorithms is compared by reconstructing the 3 D image of rabbit. The results show that: when the depth value of the algorithm is 11, the surface of the rabbit image obtained by the proposed optimization algorithm is smoother, and the details are more delicate and fluent; under different depth values, with the increase of the depth value, the number of vertices and faces of the two algorithms increase, and the optimal depth values of 3 D reconstruction are more than 8. However, the proposed optimization algorithm has more vertices, and performs better in the reconstruction process; the larger the depth value is, the more time and memory are consumed in 3 D reconstruction, so it is necessary to select the appropriate depth value; the shielding parameters of the algorithm have a great impact on the fineness of the reconstruction model. The larger the parameter is, the higher the fineness is. In a word, the proposed 3 D reconstruction algorithm based on shielded Poisson equation has better practicability and superiority.

scholarly journals Measuring fish and their physical habitats: versatile 2D and 3D video techniques with user-friendly software

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 1861-1873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason R. Neuswanger ◽  
Mark S. Wipfli ◽  
Amanda E. Rosenberger ◽  
Nicholas F. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
3D Video ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Terrestrial Animal ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Territorial Behaviors ◽  
User Friendly

Applications of video in fisheries research range from simple biodiversity surveys to three-dimensional (3D) measurement of complex swimming, schooling, feeding, and territorial behaviors. However, researchers lack a transparently developed, easy-to-use, general purpose tool for 3D video measurement and event logging. Thus, we developed a new measurement system, with freely available, user-friendly software, easily obtained hardware, and flexible underlying mathematical methods capable of high precision and accuracy. The software, VidSync, allows users to efficiently record, organize, and navigate complex 2D or 3D measurements of fish and their physical habitats. Laboratory tests showed submillimetre accuracy in length measurements of 50.8 mm targets at close range, with increasing errors (mostly <1%) at longer range and for longer targets. A field test on juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) feeding behavior in Alaska streams found that individuals within aggregations avoided the immediate proximity of their competitors, out to a distance of 1.0 to 2.9 body lengths. This system makes 3D video measurement a practical tool for laboratory and field studies of aquatic or terrestrial animal behavior and ecology.

scholarly journals A PROJECTION-BASED RECONSTRUCTION ALGORITHM FOR 3D MODELING OF BRIDGE STRUCTURES FROM DRONE-BASED POINT CLOUD

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W1-2021 ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
M. Mehranfar ◽  
H. Arefi ◽  
F. Alidoost
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithm ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Reconstruction Technique ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Median Error ◽  
Bridge Structures

Abstract. This paper presents a projection-based method for 3D bridge modeling using dense point clouds generated from drone-based images. The proposed workflow consists of hierarchical steps including point cloud segmentation, modeling of individual elements, and merging of individual models to generate the final 3D model. First, a fuzzy clustering algorithm including the height values and geometrical-spectral features is employed to segment the input point cloud into the main bridge elements. In the next step, a 2D projection-based reconstruction technique is developed to generate a 2D model for each element. Next, the 3D models are reconstructed by extruding the 2D models orthogonally to the projection plane. Finally, the reconstruction process is completed by merging individual 3D models and forming an integrated 3D model of the bridge structure in a CAD format. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method to generate 3D models automatically with a median error of about 0.025 m between the elements’ dimensions in the reference and reconstructed models for two different bridge datasets.

scholarly journals RECONSTRUCTION OF 3D MODELS FROM POINT CLOUDS WITH HYBRID REPRESENTATION

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-2 ◽  
pp. 449-454
Author(s):  
P. Hu ◽  
Z. Dong ◽  
P. Yuan ◽  
F. Liang ◽  
B. Yang
Keyword(s):  
3D Reconstruction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Region Growing ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithm ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Freeform Surfaces ◽  
Irregular Surfaces ◽  
Regular Structures

The three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of urban buildings from point clouds has long been an active topic in applications related to human activities. However, due to the structures significantly differ in terms of complexity, the task of 3D reconstruction remains a challenging issue especially for the freeform surfaces. In this paper, we present a new reconstruction algorithm which allows the 3D-models of building as a combination of regular structures and irregular surfaces, where the regular structures are parameterized plane primitives and the irregular surfaces are expressed as meshes. The extraction of irregular surfaces starts with an over-segmented method for the unstructured point data, a region growing approach based the adjacent graph of super-voxels is then applied to collapse these super-voxels, and the freeform surfaces can be clustered from the voxels filtered by a thickness threshold. To achieve these regular planar primitives, the remaining voxels with a larger flatness will be further divided into multiscale super-voxels as basic units, and the final segmented planes are enriched and refined in a mutually reinforcing manner under the framework of a global energy optimization. We have implemented the proposed algorithms and mainly tested on two point clouds that differ in point density and urban characteristic, and experimental results on complex building structures illustrated the efficacy of the proposed framework.

scholarly journals Algorithm of 3D Virtual Reconstruction of Ancient Buildings in Qing Dynasty Based on Image Sequence

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Chuan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithm ◽  
Image Sequence ◽  
Camera Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
Virtual Reconstruction

Aiming at the problem of low accuracy and poor integrity of traditional Qing Dynasty ancient architecture 3D virtual reconstruction algorithm, a 3D virtual reconstruction algorithm of Qing Dynasty ancient architecture based on image sequence is proposed. Acquire the sequence images of ancient buildings in the Qing Dynasty through the pinhole camera model, analyze the projective space and reconstruction space of the sequence images, redefine the similarity measurement coefficient according to the improved 2DPCA-SIFT feature matching algorithm, match the feature points of the ancient architecture images in the Qing Dynasty, and use random sampling to be consistent. The algorithm solves the basic matrix, removes the interference error in the image reconstruction process, and realizes the design of the three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm through image sequence fusion. The experimental results show that, compared with the existing methods, the completeness of the three-dimensional virtual reconstruction 3D model of ancient Qing Dynasty buildings constructed by the designed algorithm is 87.26% on average, and the completeness and accuracy of the 3D model construction of the subparts of the ancient Qing Dynasty buildings of this method are better. The height of the building fully shows that the designed building has good performance in the construction of the three-dimensional model of ancient buildings in the Qing Dynasty.

scholarly journals GEOMATIC ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECONSTRUCTION AND A HYBRID VIEWER FOR THE ARCHAELOGICAL SITE OF CÁPARRA (SPAIN)

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-2 ◽  
pp. 1105-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Tejeda-Sánchez ◽  
A. Muñoz-Nieto ◽  
P. Rodríguez-Gonzálvez
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Site Survey ◽  
Topographic Survey ◽  
Cad Models ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Archaeological Reconstruction ◽  
Set Up

Visualization and analysis use to be the final steps in Geomatics. This paper shows the workflow followed to set up a hybrid 3D archaeological viewer. Data acquisition of the site survey was done by means of low-cost close-range photogrammetric methods. With the aim not only to satisfy the general public but also the technicians, a large group of Geomatic products has been obtained (2d plans, 3d models, orthophotos, CAD models coming from vectorization, virtual anastylosis, and cross sections). Finally, all these products have been integrated into a three-dimensional archaeological information system. The hybrid archaeological viewer designed allows a metric and quality approach to the scientific analysis of the ruins, improving, thanks to the implementation of a database, and its potential for queries, the benefits of an ordinary topographic survey.

scholarly journals Comparison of Popular Three-Dimensional Printing Materials for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgical Guidance Model Oral and Maxillofacial Surgical Guidance Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Adhitya ◽  
◽  
Sunarso Sunarso ◽  
Abdul Muis ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Surgical Guidance ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Dimensional Printing ◽  
Guidance Model

The application of three-dimensional (3D) models in the medical field has become popular. However, the accuracy of 3D models for surgical guidance varies among different materials and 3D printing technologies, such as printing machine usage. Objectives: This study aims to obtain more information about the effect of three different materials printed using a fused deposition material printer from the same digital data source. This study also aims to compare, analyze, and test the materials’ ability. Methods: Each of the filament materials (acetylbutane stearate [ABS], polylactic acid [PLA], and high-impact polystyrene [HIPS]) are printed at two infill densities, their weight, volume, and dimension are measured, and infill materials are prepared. Printing time is estimated and calculated on the basis of printing properties by using Simplify3D© software. The strength and surface tension of each sample are examined via a drilling test. Results: PLA is better than ABS and HIPS for printing our 3D model because of its properties. Conclusion: Ideal 3D materials for printing 3D models should fulfill the criteria on accuracy, strength, weight, and durability for usage. However, production time and cost should also be considered.

scholarly journals Low-Cost Three-Dimensional Modeling of Crop Plants

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (13) ◽  
pp. 2883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Martinez-Guanter ◽  
Ángela Ribeiro ◽  
Gerassimos G. Peteinatos ◽  
Manuel Pérez-Ruiz ◽  
Roland Gerhards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithm ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Plant Phenotyping ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Ground Truth Data ◽  
The Creation

Plant modeling can provide a more detailed overview regarding the basis of plant development throughout the life cycle. Three-dimensional processing algorithms are rapidly expanding in plant phenotyping programmes and in decision-making for agronomic management. Several methods have already been tested, but for practical implementations the trade-off between equipment cost, computational resources needed and the fidelity and accuracy in the reconstruction of the end-details needs to be assessed and quantified. This study examined the suitability of two low-cost systems for plant reconstruction. A low-cost Structure from Motion (SfM) technique was used to create 3D models for plant crop reconstruction. In the second method, an acquisition and reconstruction algorithm using an RGB-Depth Kinect v2 sensor was tested following a similar image acquisition procedure. The information was processed to create a dense point cloud, which allowed the creation of a 3D-polygon mesh representing every scanned plant. The selected crop plants corresponded to three different crops (maize, sugar beet and sunflower) that have structural and biological differences. The parameters measured from the model were validated with ground truth data of plant height, leaf area index and plant dry biomass using regression methods. The results showed strong consistency with good correlations between the calculated values in the models and the ground truth information. Although, the values obtained were always accurately estimated, differences between the methods and among the crops were found. The SfM method showed a slightly better result with regard to the reconstruction the end-details and the accuracy of the height estimation. Although the use of the processing algorithm is relatively fast, the use of RGB-D information is faster during the creation of the 3D models. Thus, both methods demonstrated robust results and provided great potential for use in both for indoor and outdoor scenarios. Consequently, these low-cost systems for 3D modeling are suitable for several situations where there is a need for model generation and also provide a favourable time-cost relationship.

scholarly journals METHODS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR AERIAL SURVEYING AND GROUND PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SURVEYS FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL PURPOSES

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
V.M. Kurkov ◽  
◽  
T.N. Skripitsina ◽  
A.Yu. Sozonova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
State University ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Terrain Models ◽  
Close Range

This article we consider methods and technologies of unmanned aerial surveying and close-range photogrammetric survey as applied for archeological research. We summed up the practical experience of the specialists of the Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography (MIIGAiK), obtained with the participation in the Bosporus archaeological expedition of the State Historical Museum on the Taman Peninsula in 2018–20. During the 3 expeditions, 18 archaeological sites were surveyed by aerial methods using UAV Geoscan 101 Geodesy and UAS DJI Phantom 4 Pro. In addition to aerial surveying, the Canon 30D digital camera with 50 mm and 14 mm focal lengths was used for groundbased, close-range photogrammetric surveys of archaeological sites. Some sites were surveyed many times during different periods of archaeological research. At all surveyed archaeological sites using photogrammetric processing methods at the Agisoft Metashape software we received survey documents (orthophoto, digital terrain models, 3D models). For some artifacts, three-dimensional metric models have been obtained using digital photogrammetry methods. Various methods of aerial surveying were used to study archaeological sites. The article gives recommendations on optimization of photography process in order to obtain reliable and informative documents for archaeological excavations. Comparison and analysis of aerial and close-range survey data was performed by the QGIS geographic information system. The information obtained using geo-information technologies will improve the quality and reliability of forecasts and hypotheses in archaeological studies.

Rigid Motion Artifact Reduction in CT Using the Phase Correlation Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1119-1128
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Liyi Zhang ◽  
Yunshan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Rigid Motion ◽  
Correlation Method ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithm ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Motion Artifact ◽  
Motion Artifacts ◽  
Phase Correlation ◽  
Artifact Reduction ◽  
Patient Motion ◽  
Reconstruction Quality

Background: In Computed Tomography (CT), it is often not possible for the subject to remain stationary during a scan. Unfortunately, a patient motion would result in degraded spatial resolution and image artifacts. It is desirable to improve reconstruction quality and reduce motion artifacts caused by patient motion. Methods: In this work, a method was proposed to eliminate the influence of the motion on image quality, based on the phase correlation method. Based on our previous work, projections were first taken by Radon transform and motion parameters were estimated by the phase-only correlation of projections in the Radon domain. In addition, an improved image reconstruction algorithm was performed to compensate for the motion effects. Results: Experimental results proved that the proposed method could not only obtain high precision and good real-time performance but also ensure a superior artifact reduction. Conclusion: Besides, the efficacy of the proposed method has been demonstrated in both simulated and human head experiments.

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