scholarly journals Biodiscovery of Potential Antibacterial Diagnostic Metabolites from the Endolichenic Fungus Xylaria venustula Using LC–MS-Based Metabolomics

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Krystle Angelique A. Santiago ◽  
RuAngelie Edrada-Ebel ◽  
Thomas Edison E. dela Cruz ◽  
Yuen Lin Cheow ◽  
Adeline Su Yien Ting
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
P Values ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Endolichenic Fungus ◽  
Endolichenic Fungi

Three species of the lichen Usnea (U. baileyi (Stirt.) Zahlbr., U. bismolliuscula Zahlbr. and U. pectinata Stirt.) and nine associated endolichenic fungi (ELF) were evaluated using a metabolomics approach. All investigated lichen crude extracts afforded antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC): 0.0625 mg/mL), but none was observed against Escherichia coli, while the ELF extract Xylaria venustula was found to be the most active against S. aureus (MIC: 2.5 mg/mL) and E. coli (MIC: 5 mg/mL). X. venustula was fractionated and tested for to determine its antibacterial activity. Fractions XvFr1 to 5 displayed bioactivities against both test bacteria. Selected crude extracts and fractions were subjected to metabolomics analyses using high-resolution LC–MS. Multivariate analyses showed the presence of five secondary metabolites unique to bioactive fractions XvFr1 to 3, which were identified as responsible for the antibacterial activity of X. venustula. The p-values of these metabolites were at the margin of significance level, with methyl xylariate C (P_60) being the most significant. However, their high variable importance of projection (VIP) scores (>5) suggest these metabolites are potential diagnostic metabolites for X. venustula for “dual” bioactivity against S. aureus and E. coli. The statistical models also showed the distinctiveness of metabolites produced by lichens and ELF, thus supporting our hypotheses of ELF functionality similar to plant endophytes.

In Vitro Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of Myrsine africana against laboratory Strains of Pathogenic Organisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (04) ◽  
pp. 4512
Author(s):  
Jackie K. Obey ◽  
Anthoney Swamy T* ◽  
Lasiti Timothy ◽  
Makani Rachel
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Myrsine Africana

The determination of the antibacterial activity (zone of inhibition) and minimum inhibitory concentration of medicinal plants a crucial step in drug development. In this study, the antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration of the ethanol extract of Myrsine africana were determined for Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The zones of inhibition (mm±S.E) of 500mg/ml of M. africana ethanol extract were 22.00± 0.00 for E. coli,20.33 ±0.33 for B. cereus,25.00± 0.00 for S. epidermidis and 18. 17±0.17 for S. pneumoniae. The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) is the minimum dose required to inhibit growth a microorganism. Upon further double dilution of the 500mg/ml of M. africana extract, MIC was obtained for each organism. The MIC for E. coli, B. cereus, S. epidermidis and S. pneumoniae were 7.81mg/ml, 7.81mg/ml, 15.63mg/ml and 15.63mg/ml respectively. Crude extracts are considered active when they inhibit microorganisms with zones of inhibition of 8mm and above. Therefore, this study has shown that the ethanol extract of M. africana can control the growth of the four organisms tested.

scholarly journals A comparison of the antibacterial activity of some African black soaps and medicated soaps commonly used for the treatment of bacteria-infected wound

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufunmiso O. Olajuyigbe ◽  
Morenike O. Adeoye-Isijola ◽  
Otunola Adedayo
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
E Coli ◽  
African Black ◽  
Soap Production ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Better Than

Background: Black soap is a medicinal product that could be harnessed for economic purpose if properly packaged, and misconception about its traditional use by herbalists is thrown overboard.Aims: To promote the relevance of these soaps for economic development, this study compared the antibacterial activity of black soaps with medicated soaps widely used against bacterial infections.Methods: The antibacterial activities of these soap samples were determined by agar diffusion and macrobroth dilution methods.Results: In this study, the statistical analysis of the inhibition zones showed that black soaps were significantly (p < 0.05) more active than medicated soaps used against the test bacterial isolates. The black soaps inhibited and killed the isolates better than the medicated soaps at the different concentrations used. The minimum inhibitory concentration for Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecalis ranged between 0.125 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL, Staphylococcus aureus (0.25–4) mg/mL, Escherichia coli (0.125–4) mg/mL and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1–4) mg/mL. The result showed that K. pneumoniae and E. faecalis were the most susceptible, followed by E. faecalis > E. coli > S. aureus > P. aeruginosa.Conclusion: As a valuable medicinal output derivable from organic waste product that could be converted to wealth, African black soap production, utilisation and commercialisation have tremendous economic potentials. These soaps showed significant antibacterial activity greater than those of the medicated soaps. Hence, their use could be a better option in place of commercially available medicated and antiseptic soaps because of the degree of antibacterial activities they exhibited.

scholarly journals Synthesis of zinc oxide and silver nanoparticles using ficus palmata - Forssk leaf extracts and assessment of antibacterial activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 200454-0
Author(s):  
Sabaoon Shamshad ◽  
Jamshaid Rashid ◽  
Ihsan-ul-haq ◽  
Naseem Iqbal ◽  
Saif Ullah Awan
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ficus Palmata

Multidrug resistance of bacteria is an emerging human health hazard and warrants development of novel antibacterial agents with more effective mode of action. Here, zinc oxide and silver nanomaterials were prepared using Ficus palmata Forssk leaf extract with efficient antibacterial activity. SEM coupled with EDS confirmed the spherical symmetry with average particle diameter 50 to 65 nm while the XRD confirmed crystalline face centered cubic structure of silver and hexagonal crystallize phase of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Antibacterial activity was evaluated for 8 pathogenic bacterial strains including 3 drug resistant pathogenic strains. The nanoparticles showed enhanced growth inhibition for resistant strains in comparison with the broad-spectrum antibiotics i.e. roxithromycin and cefixime. Minimum inhibitory concentration in μg.mL<sup>-1</sup> of silver nanoparticles was found to be as low as 33.3 for resistant Streptococcus haemolyticus; 11.1 for Staphylococcus aureus and E Coli; and 3.7 μg.mL<sup>-1</sup> for resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Similarly, the minimum inhibitory concentration of zinc oxide nanoparticles was found to be 100 μg.mL<sup>-1</sup> against resistant Streptococcus haemolyticus and Staphylococcus aureus; 11.1 μg.mL<sup>-1</sup> for resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa; and 3.7 μg.mL<sup>-1</sup> against resistant E coli. Ficus palmata Forssk leaf extracts can be explored effectively for synthesizing active antibacterial nanomaterials as a non-toxic and environmentally benign synthesis route.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Geraniol in Combination with Standard Antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Helicobacter pylori

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subrat Kumar Bhattamisra ◽  
Chew Hui Kuean ◽  
Lee Boon Chieh ◽  
Vivian Lee Yean Yan ◽  
Chin Koh Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Checkerboard Assay ◽  
H Pylori

The antibacterial activity of geraniol and its effect in combination with ampicillin, amoxicillin and clarithromycin against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Helicobacter pylori was tested. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and combinatory effects of geraniol against the bacteria were assessed by using the modified broth microdilution and checkerboard assay, respectively. The combinatory effect is expressed as fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI). The MIC of geraniol against S. aureus, E. coli and H. pylori was found to be 11200, 5600, and 7325 μg/mL, respectively. A significant synergistic effect was observed with geraniol and ampicillin against S. aureus with FICI in the range 0.19 to 0.32. Geraniol and ampicillin exhibited a partial synergistic effect against E. coli. A similar effect was observed with geraniol and clarithromycin against S. aureus. A partial synergistic effect was observed with clarithromycin and geraniol against H. pylori with the FICI value in the range 0.86 to 0.89. An additive effect was observed with geraniol and amoxicillin combination against H. pylori. However, the amoxicillin and clarithromycin dose was reduced by thirty-two fold when combined with geraniol against H. pylori. The anti- H. pylori effect of geraniol with clarithromycin and amoxicillin could be of potential interest in the treatment of H. pylori infection and associated ulcers in humans. Further, geraniol, in combination with other antibiotics, has substantial therapeutic potential against S. aureus and E.coli infection.

Comparative evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of plants traditionally used as antidiarrheal against enteropathogenic Escherichia coli

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Srivastava ◽  
D. B. Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Antibacterial Efficacy ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

The study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial efficacy against enteropathogenic E. coli of plants commonly used to treat calf-diarrhoea. Methanolic extracts of six plants (Aegle marmelos, Curcuma longa, Dalbergia sissoo, Mangifera indica, Psidium guajava and Punica granatum) were screened for their antibacterial property against enteropathogenic E. coli by standard disc diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and of the extract exhibiting highest antibacterial activity was estimated by broth dilution method and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was measured by streaking the contents of MIC tubes on nutrient agar plates. Among the six extracts tested, only extracts of Curcuma longa, Psidium guajava and Punica granatum exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli. Out of these three, Punica granatum extract was found to be most effective with a mean inhibition zone of 14.67±0.577 mm followed by Psidium guajava (9.67±0.577 mm) and Curcuma longa (8.67±0.577 mm), produced by the disc containing 8.00 mg of respective extract. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of the Punica granatum extract were estimated to be 02.00 mg/mL and 03.00 mg/mL respectively. These findings suggest that methanolic extracts of Curcuma longa, Psidium guajava and Punica granatum possess antibacterial activity against enteropathogenic E.coli

Synthesis Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity of 1-[(arylalkylidene)amino]-3-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)thiourea

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Umasankar Kulandaivelu ◽  
Bhawatha Chawada ◽  
Shireesha Boyapati ◽  
Alavala Rajasekhar Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Ht 29 ◽  
Better Than

Arylalkylidene derivatives of aminotriazoles (3a-3j) were synthesized and tested for their antimicrobial and anticancer activity. Four non-pathogenic bacteria [E. coli (NCIM 2068), K. pneumoniae (NCIM 2957), S. aureus (NCIM 2079), B. subtilis (NCIM 2921)] two fungi [C. albicans, A. niger] and two cancer cell lines [HBL-100 and HT-29] were employed in the study. All the compounds were found to have better antibacterial activity against B. subtilis than Ciprofloxacin (standard) and compound 3i was equivalent to Ciprofloxacin in inhibiting S. aureas. Similarly all the compounds inhibited the growth of A. niger better than Fluconazole and compound 3c was equivalent to Fluconazole (standard) in inhibiting C. albicans. In case of anticancer activity none of the molecule exhibited activity better than the standard used (Methotrexate), though they have inhibitory concentration at submicromolar level.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK BIJI JERUK SIAM (Citrus reticulata) PADA BAKTERI Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-295
Author(s):  
Mohammad Arfi Setiawan ◽  
Mita Dewi Retnoningrum ◽  
Febriyandhi Yahya ◽  
Resa Ragil Andika ◽  
Dyan Hatining Ayu Sudarni
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Nutrient Agar ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mic Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Paper Disc

Antibacterial Activity of Citrus seed (Citrus reticulata) Extract on Escherichia coli Indonesian agriculture provides a resource of medicinal plants whose potential needs to be explored in order to benefit society. One of them is the use of Siam orange seeds (Citrus reticulata) which has the potential for the production of antibacterial compounds. This study aims to test the antibacterial activity of the ethanol and n-hexane extract of orange seeds. The extract was obtained through maceration techniques using ethanol and n-hexane as solvents. The antibacterial activity test of orange seeds against Escherichia coli used the paper disc diffusion method with nutrient agar (NA) media. The concentration of orange seed extract for the determination of MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) was 0.5, 2, 8, 10, 20 mg mL-1. The results showed that the ethanol and n-hexane extract of orange seeds had antibacterial activity against E. coli. However, the ethanol extract had a higher antibacterial effect than the n-hexane orange seed extract. From the results of this study, it is hoped that the waste of orange seeds will provide beneficial contribution for pharmaceutical development. Pertanian Indonesia memiliki sumber tanaman obat yang perlu digali potensinya agar bermanfaat bagi masyarakat. Salah satunya pemanfaatan biji jeruk siam (Citrus reticulata) yang berpotensi menghasilkan senyawa antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol dan n-heksana biji jeruk. Ekstrak diperoleh melalui teknik maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol dan n-heksana. Uji aktivitas antibakteri biji jeruk terhadap Escherichia coli menggunakan metode difusi paper disc dengan media nutrient agar (NA). Konsentrasi ekstrak biji jeruk untuk penentuan MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) adalah 0,5, 2, 8, 10, 20 mg mL-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol dan n-heksana biji jeruk memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap E. coli. Namun, ekstrak etanol memiliki efek antibakteri yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan ekstrak biji jeruk n-heksana. Dari hasil penelitian ini, limbah biji jeruk diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi bermanfaat bagi pengembangan farmasi.

scholarly journals 5-Bromo-1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-1H-indole-2-carboxamides as new potent antibacterial agents

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 327-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogesh D. Mane ◽  
Smita S. Patil ◽  
Dhanraj O. Biradar ◽  
Bhimrao C. Khade
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Internal Standards ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
High Antibacterial Activity

Abstract Ten 5-bromoindole-2-carboxamides were synthesized, characterized and evaluated for antibacterial activity against pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella Typhi using gentamicin and ciprofloxacin as internal standards. Compounds 7a–c, 7g and 7h exhibit high antibacterial activity with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.35–1.25 μg/mL. Compounds 7a–c exhibit antibacterial activities that are higher than those of the standards against E. coli and P. aeruginosa.

Design, Synthesis and Antibacterial Evaluation of Novel 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives Incorporating 3′-Deoxythymidine

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 645-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long-Fei Mao ◽  
Gui-Qing Xu ◽  
Bin Sun ◽  
Yu-Qin Jiang ◽  
Wen-Pei Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Computational Simulations ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Triazole Derivatives ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Antibiotic Drugs ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Evaluation

A series of novel 1,2,3-triazole derivatives incorporating 3′-deoxythymidine were designed, synthesised and characterised. Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated for all of the synthesised compounds and compared against standard antibiotic drugs, streptomycin sulfate and doxycycline, as controls. Some compounds showed potential antibacterial activity towards E. coli, and the best minimum inhibitory concentration was 0.14 mM. Preliminary structure-activity relationships and computational simulations were also studied.

scholarly journals Assembly of Carbon Dots into Frameworks with Enhanced Stability and Antibacterial Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Zhuang ◽  
Kuo Li ◽  
Daoyong Li ◽  
Haixia Qiao ◽  
Yifeng E ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Carbon Dots ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Performance ◽  
The Stability

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) have been widely used as antimicrobials due to their active surface, but some CDs suffer instability. Therefore, the relative applications such as the antibacterial activity may not be reliable for long-term use. Herein, we synthesize CDs with blue fluorescence by a hydrothermal process. Thereafter, polyethylenimine was applied for the assembly of CDs into CDs-based frameworks (CDFs). The CDFs exhibited quenched fluorescence but showed more stable properties based on the scanning electron microscope and zeta potential investigations. Both CDs and CDFs show antibacterial activity toward Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), but CDFs exhibited better antibacterial performance, and S. aureus could be completely inhibited with the minimum inhibitory concentration of 30 μg/mL. This reveals CDFs magnify both the stability and antibacterial activity, which would be more promising for practical applications. Graphic abstract

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