scholarly journals Implementation Phase Safety System for Minimising Construction Project Waste

Buildings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal Mahfuth ◽  
Amara Loulizi ◽  
Khalid Al Hallaq ◽  
Bassam A. Tayeh
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Safety System ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Safety Factors ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Importance Index ◽  
Safety Considerations

The construction sector is a key component of a nation’s gross domestic product, but its inherent nature results in potentially dangerous conditions that affect the safety of all workers on construction projects (CPs). Therefore, the original idea of the research is to determine the relationship between safety system (SS) during the implementation phase (IPh) of CPs and the minimisation of waste (materials, time and cost). Achieving a lean construction work requires suitable planning, safety considerations and waste resource minimisation throughout the project cycle. This research aims to identify and rank the safety factors during the IPh of a CP, which will have positive effects on minimising waste. Information and data were gathered from the existing literature and the structured interviews and questionnaire survey conducted among 111 randomly selected construction companies. Questionnaire results were evaluated using statistical tools, such as hypothesis testing, analysis of variance and linear regression. This research identified and ranked 24 important safety factors with positive effects on minimising waste in CPs during IPh. The seven most important safety factors that should be considered to minimise material, time and cost wastage are as follows: handling, management, external factors, workers, procurement, site condition and appropriate scaffolding for SS. The best linear model was developed on the basis of the importance index of the identified factors. This model can predict the minimisation of waste (materials, time and cost) in CPs by using SS. Thus, the safety criteria and SS should be used during IPh to minimise waste on the basis of the developed model.

An empirical study on non-physical waste factors in the construction industry

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Igwe ◽  
Fuzhan Nasiri ◽  
Amin Hammad
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Planning And Scheduling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Normality Test ◽  
Importance Index ◽  
Human Material

PurposeThis study highlights the findings of an empirical study to investigate waste factors (WFs) affecting the performance and delivery of construction projects in developing countries. The objectives of this study are to identify non-physical WFs in developing nations and rank the identified factors based on their degree of influence on the key performance indicators (KPIs) of cost, quality and time.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 34 WFs were identified through a detailed literature review and consolidated using semi-structured interviews with construction practitioners. The statistical analysis involved a normality test using the Shapiro–Wilk test to determine if sample data have been drawn from a normally distributed population, ranking the WFs using the Frequency Index (FI), Severity Index (SI) and Importance Index (IMPI), ranking the WFs based on their effect on the project KPIs of cost, quality and time, and identify clustering structures for the identified WFs to using factor analysis (FA).FindingsThe results revealed ineffective planning and scheduling, rework/repair of defective work and resource quality problems (human, material and equipment) as the three most important WFs affecting construction projects. The factor analyses showed that WFs can be grouped into five interrelated components, suggesting the need for integrated and holistic strategies to overcome the identified WF.Practical implicationsUnderstanding the effects of WFs on construction projects is a first step towards designing holistic solutions to ensuring projects deliver value to the clients and other stakeholders. The findings of this study provide direction to construction practitioners on where to focus appropriate strategies to manage the identified WFs effectively and, therefore, improve the productivity of construction projects.Originality/valueThis study provides the first holistic analysis of WFs affecting the productivity of construction projects in developing countries.

scholarly journals Strategic framework for implementing smart devices in the construction industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-243
Author(s):  
Manuel Alexander Silverio-Fernández ◽  
Suresh Renukappa ◽  
Subashini Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Strategic Framework ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
The Uk

Purpose The decentralisation of information and high rate of mobile content access in the construction industry provide an ideal scenario for improvement of processes via the implementation of the paradigm of the Internet of Things (IoT). Smart devices are considered as the objects interconnected in the IoT; therefore, they play a fundamental role in the digital transformation of the construction industry. Currently, there is a lack of guidelines regarding the implementation of smart devices for digitalisation in the construction industry. Consequently, this paper aims to provide a set of guidelines for implementing smart devices in the construction industry. Design/methodology/approach An empirical study was performed in the UK and the Dominican Republic (DR). Following a systematic approach, qualitative data collection and analysis was performed based on semi-structured interviews involving professionals from construction companies in the UK and the DR. Interviews were recorded and subsequently transcribed using Microsoft Word and exported to the software NVivo, where the software was used to find common thematic nodes across all interviews. Findings The findings encompass drivers, challenges and critical success factors (CSFs) for implementing smart devices in construction project. For both countries, the top five CSFs were leadership, staff training, culture, technology awareness and cost of implementation. These findings were used to develop a strategic framework for implementing smart devices in construction companies. The framework establishes the actors, elements and actions to be considered by construction companies when implementing smart devices. Originality/value This paper provides a richer insight into the understanding and awareness of implementing smart devices. A strategic framework for implementing smart devices in the construction industry and providing guidelines for adopting smart devices in construction projects was developed and validated. This study provides a better understanding of the key factors to be considered by construction companies when embedding smart devices into their projects.

scholarly journals Health and Safety Considerations in Mega Construction Projects

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Waad Waheed ◽  
Laila Khodeir
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Advanced Planning ◽  
Unique Nature ◽  
Safety Considerations ◽  
Complex Project

The construction industry is considered one of the most hazardous industries especially in Mega projects, not only in developing countries but also throughout the world due to its unique nature. The hazards of this industry make it very essential to pay more attention to construction safety and to improve the safety performance of construction companies. However, safety is not a luxury but a necessity, and may be considered an important function to be used against unnecessary loss. International Mega Construction projects are likely to become increasingly common in the engineering and construction industry. A Mega-project as a high impact technically complex project which requires careful advanced planning, large projects are defined as those with construction work valued in excess of US $1billion. On such projects, there may be 60 large contracting organizations and 30 to 40 consulting companies. The construction workforce could total 45,000 personnel delivering over 10 million man hours of effort per month at peak periods, so there is a need of guidance material that can be used to improve the management of health and safety(H&S) throughout these type of projects. Thus the aim of this paper is to identify the H&S considerations that are related to Mega Construction Projects. To achieve the aim of this paper a literature review analysis has been performed where more than hundred research paper that have been published from 1998, to 2018 have been analyzed. Findings of this paper have managed to identify the nature of mega construction projects, the root causes of accidents and the consequence of poor health and safety management in mega construction projects. This paper is considered of value to construction project officers and Project managers working in mega construction projects in Egypt and MENA region.

Project management performance of construction projects in Jordan: a comparative study of ISO 9001-certified and non-certified companies

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rateb Jalil Sweis ◽  
Mais Jaradat
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Project Success ◽  
Iso 9001 ◽  
Management Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Management Procedures

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the differences between the certified and non-certified ISO 9001 construction companies in terms of construction projects' performance in Jordan.Design/methodology/approachQuestionnaires were distributed to certified and non-certified construction organizations. These entities consist of contractor's consultants and owner representative organizations. In total, 86 valid responses were returned. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) using descriptive statistic tests, namely, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and analysis of variance (ANOVA).FindingsThe results clearly showed the positive effects of ISO 9001 certification on construction projects' performance in project management performance and project success. ISO-certified organizations have higher mean score in project management leadership, staff, policies, project life cycle and key performance indicators (KPIs) but not in partnership. Moreover, an ISO-certified organization shows higher project success.Originality/valueDue to the dearth of research conducted in this area, this research highlights the management procedures, which impact the leading entities' performance in the construction field within Jordan.

scholarly journals Delays in Building Construction Projects in Ghana

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 103-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank DK Fugar ◽  
Adwoa B Agyakwah-Baah
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Controlling Factors ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Importance Index ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The Individual

This study investigates the causes of delay of building construction projects in Ghana to determine the most important according to the key project participants; clients, consultants, and contractors. Thirty-two possible causes of delay were identified from the literature and semi-structured interviews of 15 key players in the implementation process. These delay factors were further categorised into nine major groups. The list of delay causes was subjected to a questionnaire survey for the identification of the most important causes of delay. The field survey included 130 respondents made up of 39 contractors, 37 clients and 54 consultants. The relative importance of the individual causes and the groups were calculated and ranked by their relative importance index. The overall results of the study indicate that the respondents generally agree that financial group factors ranked highest among the major factors causing delay in construction projects in Ghana. The financial group factors were delay in honouring payment certificates, difficulty in accessing credit and fluctuation in prices. Materials group factors are second followed by scheduling and controlling factors.

scholarly journals BIM Based Time Management Among Construction Contractors in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayşen Saraç Çıracıoğlu ◽  
Hakan Yaman
Keyword(s):  
Time Management ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Scheduling Problems ◽  
Project Schedule ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Planning And Scheduling ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Planning Department ◽  
Industrialised Countries

In both developing and industrialised countries, due to numerous time-related problems of construction projects, BIM-based time management, 4D BIM, plays an increasingly critical role within the industry. This study investigates the planning and scheduling problems, BIM application level, and BIM-based scheduling implementation by the lead construction companies in Turkey. Despite the critical importance of the planning department in construction companies, the planning and BIM integration levels have scarcely been investigated from the contractor perspective in Turkey. This paper presents the outcomes of 16 semi-structured interviews (SSI) with managers of the leading Turkish contractors selected from 100 of ENR’s 2019 Top 250 International Contractors list; a list of issues are outlined. The current situation escalates problems like tendering with missing project documents, examining 2D project drawings while scheduling, fragmentation, project manager’s reluctance to use and follow the project schedule, issues with updating the schedule as per construction improvements and quantities, and a lack of investment for BIM implementation. The research findings, ultimately, aim to help contractors improve their processes. Although this study’s findings are obtained from interviews with lead Turkish contractors, it is not limited in terms of geographic context since the interviewed contractors work worldwide.

scholarly journals Study of Excessive Bureaucracy in Construction Projects – Causes of Low Level of Competition and Lengthy Tendering Process: A Case Study of Afghanistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Importance Index ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Government ◽  
Delay In Payments

Excessive bureaucracy has been one of the most challenging issue for infrastructure sector in many countries. Countries are different in terms of their institutional settings, organizational cultures and political balance, and therefore, Afghanistan infrastructure/construction sector is no exception. This phenomenon has negatively impacted the delivery of infrastructure projects and hindering the country to reach its strategic economic goals. There are national projects that have been delayed for several years and the average tendering duration, based on existing researches, is almost 3 times more than the normal practices. This research is aimed to identify major causes of excessive bureaucracy in infrastructure sector that influence the level of competition and tendering duration, and provide technical recommendations for improvements. To do so, 17 factors causing low level of competition and lengthy tendering process have been identified through literature review and interviews. The factors are categorized under two groups; causes of; 1) low level of competition and, 2) lengthy tendering process. A questionnaire was developed and distributed to 80 construction firms. As a result, a response rate of 40% was achieved. Relative importance index (RII) is used to analyze the survey result. The research findings indicate that the top 5 factors causing excessive bureaucracy in delivering infrastructure/construction projects in Afghanistan and causing low level of competition and lengthy tendering process are: 1) Using traditional methods of procurement instead of electronic system, 2) Lack of accountability by procuring entities, 3) Delay in payments to companies, 4) Slow decision – making by procuring entities and 5) Corruption during the project lifecycle (inception to completion). The outcome of this research will help the government to take necessary actions for eliminating unnecessary steps in the procurement of public infrastructure projects and ultimately improve project delivery. In addition, the research findings will help the construction companies to be fully aware of bureaucracy risks in the procurement process and develop necessary risk mitigation plan for the successful completion of construction projects.

scholarly journals Investigation of Safety Factors through Frequency and Severity Importance Index in Iranian Construction Project

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Keyword(s):  
Program Implementation ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Safety Factors ◽  
Safety Program ◽  
Flow Problems ◽  
General Management ◽  
Importance Index ◽  
Accident Causation ◽  
Implementation Factors

The high rate of injuries in Tehran construction indicated that safety program may be neglected. This research has been conducted to identify root causes of accidents in Tehran construction projects and to propose ways to mitigate them. Accident causation factors divided in two groups based on reviewing literatures as follow, distal and proximal factors. The analysis on distal factors shows that the distal factors of accident causation in Tehran are result because of many issues and causes. Some of the serious factors are ‘Cash flow problems’, ‘inadequate budget for supervision’, ‘Lack of relevant experience’, ‘Recruit untrained operatives’ and ‘Reduce project budget’. By analyzing successful safety program implementation factors, the view of respondents indicates that general management in Tehran companies, are not completely committed to safety program and try to neglect safety. Moreover, the departments of labour’s inspectors regularly neglect inspections. On the other hand, lack of workers participation in safety program, has the potential for causing accidents which cause the safety program unsuccessful. Finally, for mitigating and preventing accidents in Tehran construction site, some recommendations have been made as follow: ‘Management should assign adequate budget for designing Section’, ‘Management should have enough and relevant experience and knowledge about the projects’ and ‘Management should recruit trained operative who has enough skill relevant with projects.

scholarly journals Analysis of Delay In Execution of Construction Projects

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
P. Muralidhar ◽  
Rahul Kumar Jain ◽  
B. Srivasta ◽  
V. Poorna Chandra Rao
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Material Design ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Importance Index ◽  
Spss Software

The construction industry is one of the major sectors that provide important ingredients for the development of country’s economy. A survey is conducted to identify the major causes of construction delays, its effects, and minimizing delays in construction projects using relative importance index method. The questionnaire was circulated among various construction companies located in India to find the reasons which are affecting the construction projects in India. The various factors are identified for this purpose and these critical factors are then categorized into owner, contractor, consultant, material, design, labor, equipment and external factors. About fifty six responses are received for the analysis purpose. SPSS software is applied to perform the analysis. The survey is concentrated on the frequency of occurrence of this factors and what is the severity of this factors in the five point scale.

Investigation of Cost-Influencing Factors Potentially ‎Controllable by Main Contractors in Construction Projects in ‎Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (7A) ◽  
pp. 1069-1076
Author(s):  
Layth T. Ali ◽  
Raid S. Abid Ali ◽  
Zeyad S. M. Khaled
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Cost Overrun ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Importance Index ◽  
Labor Recruitment ◽  
Supply Planning ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Cost overrun in construction projects is a common phenomenon in Iraq. This might occur due to diversity of factors. This study aims to identify the factors influencing construction projects cost that are potentially controllable by main contractors. A field study through a questionnaire survey was directed to a sample of related Iraqi professional engineers from general contracting companies at both public and private sectors. Their opinions on the impact and frequency of each factor were investigated. The questionnaire offered (59) factors classified in (8) categories namely; legislations, financial and economic, design, contractual, site management, material, labor and equipment. The factors were ranked according to the highest Relative Importance Index (RII). The study revealed (10) major factors that are potentially controllable by main contractors namely; labor productivity, sub-contractors and suppliers performance, equipment productivity, site organization and distribution of equipment, experience and training of project managers, scheduling and control techniques, planning for materials supply, planning for equipment supply, materials delivery and planning for skilled labor recruitment. Recommendations to aid contractors and owners in early identification of these factors are also included in this study.

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