scholarly journals Global Burden, Risk Factors, and Trends of Esophageal Cancer: An Analysis of Cancer Registries from 48 Countries

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Junjie Huang ◽  
Anastasios Koulaouzidis ◽  
Wojciech Marlicz ◽  
Veeleah Lok ◽  
Cedric Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Elevated Cholesterol ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

This study aimed to examine the global burden, risk factors, and trends of esophageal cancer based on age, sex, and histological subtype. The data were retrieved from cancer registries database from 48 countries in the period 1980–2017. Temporal patterns of incidence and mortality were evaluated by average annual percent change (AAPC) using joinpoint regression. Associations with risk factors were examined by linear regression. The highest incidence of esophageal cancer was observed in Eastern Asia. The highest incidence of adenocarcinoma (AC) was found in the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and Ireland. A higher AC/squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) incidence ratio was associated with a higher prevalence of obesity and elevated cholesterol. We observed an incidence increase (including AC and SCC) in some countries, with the Czech Republic (female: AAPC 4.66), Spain (female: 3.41), Norway (male: 3.10), Japan (female: 2.18), Thailand (male: 2.17), the Netherlands (male: 2.11; female: 1.88), and Canada (male: 1.51) showing the most significant increase. Countries with increasing mortality included Thailand (male: 5.24), Austria (female: 3.67), Latvia (male: 2.33), and Portugal (male: 1.12). Although the incidence of esophageal cancer showed an overall decreasing trend, an increasing trend was observed in some countries with high AC/SCC incidence ratios. More preventive measures are needed for these countries.

Cancer incidence and mortality trends from 2003 to 2014 in Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlotta Buzzoni ◽  
Emanuele Crocetti ◽  
Stefano Guzzinati ◽  
Luigino Dal Maso ◽  
Silvia Francisci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Cancer Site ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
The South ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Incident Cases

Objective: To evaluate short-term (2003–2014) cancer incidence and mortality trends in Italy. Methods: Italian Cancer Registries data, available in the AIRTUM database, from 17 out of 20 regions were used. The number of incident cases and deaths were estimated for those registries and those years with incomplete information. Age-standardized rates, overall and stratified by geographic area, region, sex, cancer site, and major age group, were computed. Time trends were expressed as annual percent change of rates. Results: In Italy, among males, incidence rates for all cancers showed during 2003–2014, a significant decrease (−0.9%/year), with stronger reductions in the northwest (−1.3%/year) and northeast (−2.0%/year since 2006) than in central (−0.7%/year) and southern (−0.4%/year) areas. Among females, a weak but significant overall reduction was detected (−0.1%/year), with a stronger decrease in the northwest (−0.5%/year). Incidence increased among women in the south (0.3%/year) of Italy. Mortality decreased in both sexes (−1.0%/year among males and −0.5%/year among females), but not in the south, where rates had a stable tendency. Conclusions: Incidence among males decreased, supported by trends for prostate, lung, colorectal, and urinary bladder cancers; among females the. The overall cancer incidence trend was stable, or even decreasing, in the northern and central areas and increasing in the southern areas, due to lung, thyroid, and melanoma rising trends. Study results provided information on the outcomes, in terms of cancer incidence and mortality, of primary and secondary prevention measures employed by regional health systems.

A unified approach for assessing heterogeneity in age–period–cohort model parameters using random effects

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Chernyavskiy ◽  
Mark P Little ◽  
Philip S Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Random Effects ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Cohort Model ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Period Effects ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Age–period–cohort models are a popular tool for studying population-level rates; for example, trends in cancer incidence and mortality. Age–period–cohort models decompose observed trends into age effects that correlate with natural history, period effects that reveal factors impacting all ages simultaneously (e.g. innovations in screening), and birth cohort effects that reflect differential risk exposures that vary across birth years. Methodology for the analysis of multiple population strata (e.g. ethnicity, cancer registry) within the age–period–cohort framework has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we outline a general model for characterizing differences in age–period–cohort model parameters for a potentially large number of strata. Our model incorporates stratum-specific random effects for the intercept, the longitudinal age trend, and the model-based estimate of annual percent change (net drift), thereby enabling a comprehensive analysis of heterogeneity. We also extend the standard model to include quadratic terms for age, period, and cohort, along with the corresponding random effects, which quantify possible stratum-specific departures from global curvature. We illustrate the utility of our model with an application to metastatic prostate cancer incidence (2004–2013) in non-Hispanic white and black men, using 17 population-based cancer registries in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program.

scholarly journals Increasing incidence of colorectal cancer in young adults in Europe over the last 25 years

Gut ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 1820-1826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanny ER Vuik ◽  
Stella AV Nieuwenburg ◽  
Marc Bardou ◽  
Iris Lansdorp-Vogelaar ◽  
Mário Dinis-Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

ObjectiveThe incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) declines among subjects aged 50 years and above. An opposite trend appears among younger adults. In Europe, data on CRC incidence among younger adults are lacking. We therefore aimed to analyse European trends in CRC incidence and mortality in subjects younger than 50 years.DesignData on age-related CRC incidence and mortality between 1990 and 2016 were retrieved from national and regional cancer registries. Trends were analysed by Joinpoint regression and expressed as annual percent change.ResultsWe retrieved data on 143.7 million people aged 20–49 years from 20 European countries. Of them, 187 918 (0.13%) were diagnosed with CRC. On average, CRC incidence increased with 7.9% per year among subjects aged 20–29 years from 2004 to 2016. The increase in the age group of 30–39 years was 4.9% per year from 2005 to 2016, the increase in the age group of 40–49 years was 1.6% per year from 2004 to 2016. This increase started earliest in subjects aged 20–29 years, and 10–20 years later in those aged 30–39 and 40–49 years. This is consistent with an age-cohort phenomenon. Although in most European countries the CRC incidence had risen, some heterogeneity was found between countries. CRC mortality did not significantly change among the youngest adults, but decreased with 1.1%per year between 1990 and 2016 and 2.4% per year between 1990 and 2009 among those aged 30–39 years and 40–49 years, respectively.ConclusionCRC incidence rises among young adults in Europe. The cause for this trend needs to be elucidated. Clinicians should be aware of this trend. If the trend continues, screening guidelines may need to be reconsidered.

scholarly journals Global Incidence and Mortality Patterns and Forecast of Pedestrian Road Traffic Injuries by Socio-Demographic Index Findings from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2017 Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moien A. B. Khan ◽  
Michal Grivna ◽  
Javaid Nauman ◽  
Elpidoforos S. Soteriades ◽  
Arif Alper Cevik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Percentage Reduction ◽  
Road Traffic Injuries ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Global Burden Of Diseases ◽  
Burden Of Diseases

(1) Background: Pedestrian injuries (PIs) represent a significant proportion of road traffic injuries. We aimed at investigating the incidence and mortality of PIs in different age groups and Socio-demographic Index (SDI) categories between 1990 and 2017. (2) Method: Estimates of age-standardized incidence and mortality along with trends of PIs by SDI levels were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease from 1990 to 2017. We also calculated forecasts until 2040. (3) Results: Globally, PIs incidence increased by 3.31% (–9.94 to 16.56) in 2017 compared to 1990. Men have a higher incidence of PIs than women. Forecasted incidence was 132.02 (127.37 to 136.66) per 100,000 population in 2020, 101.52 (65.99 to 137.05) in 2030 and reduced further to 71.02 (10.62 to 152.65) by 2040. Globally across all SDI categories, there was a decreasing trend in mortality due to PIs with the global estimated percentage reduction of 37.12% (–45.19 to –29.04). (4) Conclusions: The results show that PIs are still a burden for all SDI categories despite some variation. Although incidence and mortality are expected to decrease globally, some SDI categories may require particular attention in addition to specific vulnerable age groups. Further studies addressing incidence and mortality patterns in vulnerable SDI categories are needed.

Occurrence of both bladder and prostate cancer in five cancer registries in Belgium, The Netherlands and the United Kingdom

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 1694-1700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliane Kellen ◽  
Maurice P. Zeegers ◽  
Miranda Dirx ◽  
Saskia Houterman ◽  
Jos Droste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
The United Kingdom

scholarly journals Decreased colorectal cancer incidence and mortality in a diverse urban population with increased colonoscopy screening

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer J. Brown ◽  
Charles K. Asumeng ◽  
David Greenwald ◽  
Matthew Weissman ◽  
Ann Zauber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Screening Colonoscopy ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Abstract Background Although colorectal cancer screening has contributed to decreased incidence and mortality, disparities are present by race/ethnicity. The Citywide Colon Cancer Control Coalition (C5) and NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) promoted screening colonoscopy from 2003 on, and hypothesized future reductions in CRC incidence, mortality and racial/ethnic disparities. Methods We assessed annual percent change (APC) in NYC CRC incidence, stage and mortality rates through 2016 in a longitudinal cross-sectional study of NY State Cancer Registry, NYC Vital Statistics, and NYC Community Health Survey (CHS) data. Linear regression tested associations between CRC mortality rates and risk factors. Results Overall CRC incidence rates from 2000 decreased 2.8% yearly from 54.1 to 37.3/100,000 population in 2016, and mortality rates from 2003 decreased 2.9% yearly from 21.0 to 13.9 in 2016 at similar rates for all racial/ethnic groups. Local stage disease decreased overall with a transient increase from 2002 to 2007. In 2016, CRC incidence was higher among Blacks (42.5 per 100,000) than Whites (38.0), Latinos (31.7) and Asians (30.0). In 2016, Blacks had higher mortality rates (17.9), than Whites (15.2), Latinos (10.4) and Asians (8.8). In 2016, colonoscopy rates among Blacks were 72.2%, Latinos 71.1%, Whites 67.2%, and Asians, 60.9%. CRC mortality rates varied by neighborhood and were independently associated with Black race, CRC risk factors and access to care. Conclusions In a diverse urban population, a citywide campaign to increase screening colonoscopy was associated with decreased incidence and mortality among all ethnic/racial groups. Higher CRC burden among the Black population demonstrate more interventions are needed to improve equity.

scholarly journals Cancer burden in Nepal, 1990–2017: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255499
Author(s):  
Gambhir Shrestha ◽  
Rahul Kumar Thakur ◽  
Rajshree Singh ◽  
Rashmi Mulmi ◽  
Abha Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Unsafe Sex ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Disease Study

Introduction Cancer is the second leading cause of death and a major public health problem in the world. This study reports the trend and burden of cancer from 1990 to 2017 along with its risk factors in Nepal. Methods This study used the database of the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation’s Global Burden of Diseases on cancer from Nepal to describe the most recent data available (2017) and trends by age, gender, and year from 1990 to 2017. The data are described as incidence, prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), and percentage change. Results In 2017, the age-standardized cancer incidence and mortality rates were 101.8/100,000 and 86.6/100,000 respectively in Nepal. Cancer contributed to 10% of total deaths and 5.6% of total DALYs in Nepal. The most common cancers were the breast, lung, cervical, stomach and oral cavity cancers. The number of new cancer cases and deaths in Nepal have increased from 1990 to 2017 by 92% and 95% respectively. On the other hand, age-standardized incidence and mortality rates decreased by 5% and 7% respectively. The leading risk factors of cancer were tobacco use, dietary factors, unsafe sex, air pollution, drug use, and physical inactivity. Conclusions This study highlighted the burden of cancer in Nepal, contributing to a significant number of new cancer cases, deaths and DALY. A comprehensive approach including prevention, early diagnosis and treatment, and rehabilitation should be urgently taken to reduce the burden of cancer.

scholarly journals ECCDIA: an interactive web tool for the comprehensive analysis of clinical and survival data of esophageal cancer patients

BMC Cancer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingcheng Yang ◽  
Jun Shang ◽  
Qian Song ◽  
Zuyi Yang ◽  
Jianing Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Basic Data ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Abstract Background Esophageal cancer (EC) is considered as one of the deadliest malignancies with respect to incidence and mortality rate, and numerous risk factors may affect the prognosis of EC patients. For better understanding of the risk factors associated with the onset and prognosis of this malignancy, we develop an interactive web-based tool for the convenient analysis of clinical and survival characteristics of EC patients. Methods The clinical data were obtained from The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Seven analysis and visualization modules were built with Shiny. Results The Esophageal Cancer Clinical Data Interactive Analysis (ECCDIA, http://webapps.3steps.cn/ECCDIA/) was developed to provide basic data analysis, visualization, survival analysis, and nomogram of the overall group and subgroups of 77,273 EC patients recorded in SEER. The basic data analysis modules contained distribution analysis of clinical factor ratios, Sankey plot analysis for relationships between clinical factors, and a map for visualizing the distribution of clinical factors. The survival analysis included Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis and Cox analysis for different subgroups of EC patients. The nomogram module enabled clinicians to precisely predict the survival probability of different subgroups of EC patients. Conclusion ECCDIA provides clinicians with an interactive prediction and visualization tool for visualizing invaluable clinical and prognostic information of individual EC patients, further providing useful information for better understanding of esophageal cancer.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic status and stroke incidence, prevalence, mortality, and worldwide burden: an ecological analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

BMC Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Avan ◽  
Hadi Digaleh ◽  
Mario Di Napoli ◽  
Saverio Stranges ◽  
Reza Behrouz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Stroke Mortality ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Stroke Prevalence ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Incidence Prevalence

Abstract Background Socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with stroke incidence and mortality. Distribution of stroke risk factors is changing worldwide; evidence on these trends is crucial to the allocation of resources for prevention strategies to tackle major modifiable risk factors with the highest impact on stroke burden. Methods We extracted data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017. We analysed trends in global and SES-specific age-standardised stroke incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost from 1990 to 2017. We also estimated the age-standardised attributable risk of stroke mortality associated with common risk factors in low-, low-middle-, upper-middle-, and high-income countries. Further, we explored the effect of age and sex on associations of risk factors with stroke mortality from 1990 to 2017. Results Despite a growth in crude number of stroke events from 1990 to 2017, there has been an 11.3% decrease in age-standardised stroke incidence rate worldwide (150.5, 95% uncertainty interval [UI] 140.3–161.8 per 100,000 in 2017). This has been accompanied by an overall 3.1% increase in age-standardised stroke prevalence rate (1300.6, UI 1229.0–1374.7 per 100,000 in 2017) and a 33.4% decrease in age-standardised stroke mortality rate (80.5, UI 78.9–82.6 per 100,000 in 2017) over the same time period. The rising trends in age-standardised stroke prevalence have been observed only in middle-income countries, despite declining trends in age-standardised stroke incidence and mortality in all income categories since 2005. Further, there has been almost a 34% reduction in stroke death rate (67.8, UI 64.1–71.1 per 100,000 in 2017) attributable to modifiable risk factors, more prominently in wealthier countries. Conclusions Almost half of stroke-related deaths are attributable to poor management of modifiable risk factors, and thus potentially preventable. We should appreciate societal barriers in lower-SES groups to design tailored preventive strategies. Despite improvements in general health knowledge, access to healthcare, and preventative strategies, SES is still strongly associated with modifiable risk factors and stroke burden; thus, screening of people from low SES at higher stroke risk is crucial.

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