scholarly journals Radiolabeled PSMA Inhibitors

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6255
Author(s):  
Oliver C. Neels ◽  
Klaus Kopka ◽  
Christos Liolios ◽  
Ali Afshar-Oromieh
Keyword(s):  
Integrin Αvβ3 ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Guided Surgery ◽  
Regulatory Status ◽  
Promising Target ◽  
Quality Aspects ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Targeted Photodynamic Therapy

PSMA has shown to be a promising target for diagnosis and therapy (theranostics) of prostate cancer. We have reviewed developments in the field of radio- and fluorescence-guided surgery and targeted photodynamic therapy as well as multitargeting PSMA inhibitors also addressing albumin, GRPr and integrin αvβ3. An overview of the regulatory status of PSMA-targeting radiopharmaceuticals in the USA and Europe is also provided. Technical and quality aspects of PSMA-targeting radiopharmaceuticals are described and new emerging radiolabeling strategies are discussed. Furthermore, insights are given into the production, application and potential of alternatives beyond the commonly used radionuclides for radiolabeling PSMA inhibitors. An additional refinement of radiopharmaceuticals is required in order to further improve dose-limiting factors, such as nephrotoxicity and salivary gland uptake during endoradiotherapy. The improvement of patient treatment achieved by the advantageous combination of radionuclide therapy with alternative therapies is also a special focus of this review.

Standardization & Standards

2010 ◽  
pp. 12-49
Author(s):  
Robert van Wessel
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Harvard Business Review ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
Management Review ◽  
California Management Review ◽  
The Usa

The inherently multidisciplinary process of standardization and its outcome, standards, are fascinating and complex subjects since it involves issues ranging from technological, organizational and economic to legal and sociological aspects (Hesser and Inklaar, 1997). Standards have been with us for over 5000 years, starting with the first alphabets and measurement systems and centuries later by national coin-based currencies. In the 19th century there was an enormous struggle with dozens of railroad gauges throughout Europe and the USA, that cried out for standards. This was also an issue as regards electricity (voltages, net frequencies, etc). Only in 1865 the International Telegraph Union (which became the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) in 1932), founded by twenty countries, addressed this problem. And just after the Second World War in 1947, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) was established (Hesser and Inklaar, 1997; Spivak and Brenner, 2001). In the following section a literature study is presented on both standardization and standards to identify key characteristics and benefits & risks as far as relevant to this thesis. Basically three types of literature (journals and books) have been studied related to: 1) Information System (IS) management, 2) General management and 3) Standardization and standards. The first category included primary IS journals (MIS Quarterly; Journal of Management Information Systems; Communications of the ACM) and secondary IS journals (including Computer Standards and Interfaces; Database for Advances in Information Systems; Knowledge, Technology & Policy) which were reviewed on the subject of IT standardization and IT standard usage. The second category consisted of top management journals such as Academy of Management Review, Harvard Business Review, Sloan Management Review and California Management Review whereas the third category included more popular journals (like Information and StandardView). ‘Standard’ books on this subject were included also, for instance the ones from Verman (1973), Cargil (1989) and De Vries (1999). Rationale was to determine the current “state of the art” on standardization with special focus on IT standardization and its effects on business performance in companies.

Natura Siberica: Challenging Entry in OrganicCosmetics Business

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-177
Author(s):  
Jashim Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Hafiza Sultana ◽  
Asma Ahmed ◽  
Ritu Chhikara
Keyword(s):  
New Product ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Product Lines ◽  
Global Brand ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Internationalization Strategies ◽  
Certified Organic

The case study analyzes the organic cosmetics and toiletries industry, along with its major players, and opportunities and challenges, with special focus on Natura Siberica. To investigate how the brand has been successful at home and abroad, the study also analyzes its marketing mix and internationalization strategies. Natura Siberica is not only natural and herb-based cosmetics but also the first Russian certified organic cosmetics. It uses Siberian herbs and plants in production, with the objective to offer youth and beauty to consumers’ skin and hair. The organization has 70 brand stores in Russia and six foreign countries, while its products are available in more than 40 countries. With the predicted growth of the global organic cosmetics market, the brand has significant opportunities to expand into new product lines and geographic markets in future. In addition, it needs to promote its sustainable business model to the customers. On the other hand, the organization needs to confront the competitive pressure from existing players and potential new entrants offering organic beauty products. It also needs to emphasize its image as a global brand instead of the Russian origin in order to successfully enter in markets like the USA.

scholarly journals 5G and its Implications in the Economic Relations between China and European Countries, with a Special Focus on Italy

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Melania Petrillo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
The United States ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
5G Network ◽  
The Usa ◽  
State Of Affairs

The economic relations between China and the European countries are tightened by an intensive interdependence in different sectors, mainly trades and services, but decades of successful relations could be affected by the pressure risen around the development of the 5G network. Recently, the development of the technology of the future, 5G network, is having a certain effect on the relations among those countries that joined the race for the leading global position. The major players in this geopolitical, technological, and economic affair are China and the USA, therefore, Europe plays an important role as well. These occurrences may increase not only the strategic suppleness of powers like China, India, the United States, and the European Union, but also the weight of nourishing alignments and fruitful partnerships. This research takes into consideration two fundamental elements to analyze this state of affairs: the economic interdependence between China and the European countries, and the protection of cybersecurity.

Physician and patient treatment decision-making in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in Europe and the USA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brown Hannah
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Lead Author ◽  
Treatment Decision Making ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

In this Publication Perspective, lead author Hannah Brown, Senior Research Executive at Ipsos Healthcare, London, UK, provides a summary of the recently published article 'Physician and patient treatment decision-making in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in Europe and the USA', from Neurodegenerative Disease Management, that assessed factors used in treatment decision-making for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in both the 5EU (UK/Germany/France/Italy/Spain) and the US.

scholarly journals The status of preimplantation genetic testing in the UK and USA

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 986-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Theobald ◽  
Sioban SenGupta ◽  
Joyce Harper
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Preimplantation Genetic Testing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reporting Scheme ◽  
Treatment Pathways ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk

Abstract STUDY QUESTION Has the number of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) cycles in the UK and USA changed between 2014 and 2016? SUMMARY ANSWER From 2014 to 2016, the number of PGT cycles in the UK has remained the same at just under 2% but in the USA has increased from 13% to 27%. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY PGT was introduced as a treatment option for couples at risk of transmitting a known genetic or chromosomal abnormality to their child. This technology has also been applied as an embryo selection tool in the hope of increasing live birth rates per transfer. ART cycles are monitored in the UK by the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) and in the USA by the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART). Globally, data are monitored via the ESHRE PGT Consortium. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This cross-sectional study used the HFEA and SART databases to analyse PGT cycle data and make comparisons with IVF data to examine the success of and changes in patient treatment pathways. Both data sets were analysed from 2014 to 2016. The UK data included 3385 PGT cycles and the USA data included 94 935 PGT cycles. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Following an extensive review of both databases, filters were applied to analyse the data. An assessment of limitations of each database was also undertaken, taking into account data collection by the ESHRE PGT Consortium. In the UK and USA, the publicly available information from these datasets cannot be separated into different indications. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The proportion of PGT cycles as a total of ART procedures has remained the same in the UK but increased annually in the USA from 13% to 27%. Between 2014 and 2016 inclusive, 3385 PGT cycles have been performed in the UK, resulting in 1074 PGT babies being born. In the USA 94 935 PGT cycles have been performed, resulting in 26 822 babies being born. This gave a success rate per egg collection for PGT of 32% for the UK and 28% for the USA. Analysis of the data by maternal age shows very different patient populations between the UK and USA. These differences may be related to the way PGT is funded in the UK and USA and the lack of HFEA support for PGT for aneuploidy. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Data reported by the HFEA and SART have different limitations. As undertaken by the ESHRE PGT Consortium, both data sets should separate PGT data by indication. Although the HFEA collects data from all IVF clinics in the UK, SART data only represent 83% of clinics in the USA. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Worldwide, a consistent reporting scheme is required in which success rates can convey the effectiveness of PGT approaches for all indications. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) No specific funding was obtained and there are no competing interests to declare that are directly related to this project. Joyce Harper is the director of the Embryology and PGD Academy, which offers education in these fields.

Determinants of a high-quality consultation in medical communications: a systematic review of qualitative and quantitative evidence

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 457-483
Author(s):  
Mohammadkarim Bahadori ◽  
Edris Hasanpoor ◽  
Maryam Yaghoubi ◽  
Elaheh HaghGoshyie
Keyword(s):  
Patient Treatment ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Critical Appraisal Skills ◽  
The Uk

Purpose The medical consultation is one of the requirements in diseases diagnosis and patient treatment. In addition, a high-quality consultation is a fundamental demand of patients, and it is one of the rights of every patient. The purpose of this paper is to identify factors affecting the high-quality consultation in medical communications. Design/methodology/approach The following electronic databases were searched: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, Cochrane, EMBASE, Scopus and ProQuest until December 2018. In addition, the authors searched Google Scholar. Qualitative and quantitative studies were assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme, Qualitative Checklist and the Center for Evidence-Based Management appraisal checklist, respectively. A stepwise approach was conducted for data synthesis. Findings Of 3,826 identified studies, 29 met the full inclusion criteria. Overall, after quality assessment of studies, 25 studies were included. The studies were conducted in the USA (n=6), the UK (n=6), the Netherlands (n=4), Canada (n=2), Belgium (n=2), Poland (n=2), Germany (n=1), Iran (n=1), Finland (n=1), Austria (n=1), Qatar (n=1), Denmark (n=1) and China (n=1), and five studies were excluded. Data synthesis showed that high-quality consultation consisted of three main categories: structural (4 main themes with 26 sub-themes), process (2 main themes with 33 sub-themes) and outcome (3 main themes with 12 sub-themes) quality. Originality/value Using the indicators of consultation quality improvement can develop physicians’ clinical competence and skills. Decision makers can use them to monitor and evaluate physicians’ performance. A high-quality consultation can be useful in social prescribing that helps patients to manage their disease.

MMPI and headache: a special focus on differential diagnosis, prediction of treatment outcome, and patient—Treatment matching

Pain ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald E. Williams ◽  
Kevin J. Thompson ◽  
Joel D. Haber ◽  
James M. Raczynski
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Treatment Matching

scholarly journals Regulation of peyote (Lophophora williamsii: Cactaceae) in the U.S.A: A historical victory of religion and politics over science and medicine

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-156
Author(s):  
Martin Terry ◽  
Keeper Trout
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
American Indian ◽  
Religion And Politics ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Native American Church ◽  
Regulatory Status ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Bona Fide ◽  
Compare And Contrast

The peyote cactus, Lophophora williamsii, is presently classified as a Schedule 1 Controlled Substance in the USA, with an exemption for use as a sacrament in bona fide religious ceremonies of the Native American Church (NAC). Any botanist or other researcher seeking to work with peyote or any of its alkaloids, must com-ply with applicable (nontrivial) regulatory requirements. This paper presents an examination of the prohibition efforts that paved the way for current peyote regulation, accompanied by documentation of the religion-based political origins of such efforts, which involved the "acculturation" of Native Americans (i.e., the destruction of American Indian cultures). We also look at the historical emergence of a nationally organized and coordinated effort by missionaries and other prohibitionists to sell a federal anti-peyote law to Congress, which manifested itself repeatedly over a period of more than fifty years, before finally realizing success in the Controlled Substances Act of 1970. In view of ongoing changes in the legal/regulatory status of Cannabis sp. (another Schedule 1 plant that was targeted for illegality during the prohibitionists' rise to political predominance), we compare and contrast the two plants with speculation on peyote’s future.

scholarly journals The Application of Automatic Identification Technologies by the Czech Post

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Daniel Zeman ◽  
◽  
Petra Juránková ◽  
Libor Švadlenka
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Quality Aspects ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Postal Sector

This article deals with the question of practical use of automatic identification technologies in postal sector, with special focus on using barcode technologies and radio frequency identification in Czech Post. After introductory section, which is aimed at description of current situation and analysis of crucial factors of choosing automatic identification technologies, there are subchapters discussing the theoretical base of both technologies, as well as their practical use in postal sector. In the part of practical application of both identification technologies is specified the basic structure of barcodes used by Czech Post and also the description of international project UNEX, which deals with the measurement of the quality aspects of selected postal products and services. Concluding part contains a brief outline of possible radio frequency identification technology application.

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