scholarly journals Fused Deposition Modelling as a Potential Tool for Antimicrobial Dialysis Catheters Manufacturing: New Trends vs. Conventional Approaches

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Essyrose Mathew ◽  
Juan Domínguez-Robles ◽  
Eneko Larrañeta ◽  
Dimitrios A. Lamprou
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Thermoplastic Polymers ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Novel Approach

The rising rate of individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and ineffective treatment methods for catheter-associated infections in dialysis patients has led to the need for a novel approach to the manufacturing of catheters. The current process requires moulding, which is time consuming, and coated catheters used currently increase the risk of bacterial resistance, toxicity, and added expense. Three-dimensional (3D) printing has gained a lot of attention in recent years and offers the opportunity to rapidly manufacture catheters, matched to patients through imaging and at a lower cost. Fused deposition modelling (FDM) in particular allows thermoplastic polymers to be printed into the desired devices from a model made using computer aided design (CAD). Limitations to FDM include the small range of thermoplastic polymers that are compatible with this form of printing and the high degradation temperature required for drugs to be extruded with the polymer. Hot-melt extrusion (HME) allows the potential for antimicrobial drugs to be added to the polymer to create catheters with antimicrobial activity, therefore being able to overcome the issue of increased rates of infection. This review will cover the area of dialysis and catheter-related infections, current manufacturing processes of catheters and methods to prevent infection, limitations of current processes of catheter manufacture, future directions into the manufacture of catheters, and how drugs can be incorporated into the polymers to help prevent infection.

Animal orthosis fabrication with additive manufacturing – a case study of custom orthosis for chicken

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiktoria Maria Wojnarowska ◽  
Jakub Najowicz ◽  
Tomasz Piecuch ◽  
Michał Sochacki ◽  
Dawid Pijanka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing ◽  
Aided Design

Purpose Chicken orthoses that cover the ankle joint area are not commercially available. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to fabricate a customised temporary Ankle–Foot Orthosis (AFO) for a chicken with a twisted ankle using computer-aided design (CAD) and three-dimensional (3D) printing. The secondary objective of the paper is to present the specific application of Additive Manufacturing (AM) in veterinary medicine. Design/methodology/approach The design process was based on multiple sketches, photos and measurements that were provided by the owner of the animal. The 3D model of the orthosis was made with Autodesk Fusion 360, while the prototype was fabricated using fused deposition modelling (FDM). Evaluation of the AFO was performed using the finite element method. Findings The work resulted in a functional 3D printed AFO for chicken. It was found that the orthosis made with AM provides satisfactory stiffen and a good fit. It was concluded that AM is suitable for custom bird AFO fabrication and, in some respects, is superior to traditional manufacturing methods. It was also concluded that the presented procedure can be applied in other veterinary cases and to other animal species and other parts of their body. AM provides veterinary with a powerful tool for the production of well-fitted and durable orthoses for animals. Research limitations/implications The study does not include the chicken's opinion on the comfort or fit of the manufactured AFO due to communication issues. Evaluation of the final prototype was done by the researchers and the animal owner. Originality/value No evidence was found in the literature on the use of AM for chicken orthosis, so this study is the first to describe such an application of AM. In addition, the study demonstrates the value of AM in veterinary medicine, especially in the production of devices such as orthoses.

scholarly journals Accuracy of chair-side fused-deposition modelling for dental applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-863
Author(s):  
Fusong Yuan ◽  
Yao Sun ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Yuchun Sun
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Dental Model ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Dental Applications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to establish a chair-side design and production method for a tooth-supported fixed implant guide and to evaluate its accuracy. Design/methodology/approach Three-dimensional (3D) data of the alveolar ridge, adjacent teeth and antagonistic teeth were acquired from models of the edentulous area of 30 patients. The implant guides were then constructed using self-developed computer-aided design software and chair-side fused deposition modelling 3D-printing and positioned on a dental model. A model scanner was used to acquire 3D data of the positioned implant guides, and the overall error was then evaluated. Findings The overall error was 0.599 ± 0.146 mm (n = 30). One-way ANOVA revealed no statistical differences among the 30 implant guides. The gap between the occlusal surface of the teeth covering and the tissue surface of the implant guide was measured. The maximum gap after positioning of the implant guide was 0.341 mm (mean, 0.179 ± 0.019 mm). The implanted axes of the printed implant guide and designed guide were compared in terms of overall, lateral and angular error, which were 0.104 ± 0.004 mm, 0.097 ± 0.003 mm, and 2.053° ± 0.017°, respectively. Originality/value The results of this study demonstrated that the accuracy of a new chair-side tooth-supported fixed implant guide can satisfy clinical requirements.

scholarly journals Analysis of rapid manufacturing—using layer manufacturing processes for production

2003 ◽  
Vol 217 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Hopkinson ◽  
P Dicknes
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rapid Manufacturing ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Layer Manufacturing ◽  
End Use ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing

Rapid prototyping (RP) technologies that have emerged over the last 15 years are all based on the principle of creating three-dimensional geometries directly from computer aided design (CAD) by stacking two-dimensional profiles on top of each other. To date most RP parts are used for prototyping or tooling purposes; however, in future the majority may be produced as end-use products. The term ‘rapid manufacturing’ in this context uses RP technologies as processes for the production of end-use products. This paper reports findings from a cost analysis that was performed to compare a traditional manufacturing route (injection moulding) with layer manufacturing processes (stereolithography, fused deposition modelling and laser sintering) in terms of the unit cost for parts made in various quantities. The results show that, for some geometries, it is more economical to use layer manufacturing methods than it is to use traditional approaches for production in the thousands.

Precision Manufacturing Process of Parts Realized by FDM Rapid Prototyping

2013 ◽  
Vol 581 ◽  
pp. 292-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Novakova-Marcincinova ◽  
Jozef Novak-Marcincin ◽  
Miroslav Janak
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Technology Preparation ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Selection Of

Rapid Prototyping (RP) can be defined as a group of techniques used to quickly fabricate a scale model of a part or assembly using three-dimensional computer aided design (CAD) data. What is commonly considered to be the first RP technique, Stereolithography, was developed by 3D Systems of Valencia, CA, USA. In this contribution are presented basic characteristics and problems in area of technology of Rapid Prototyping with use of Fused Deposition Modelling. It belongs to methods of precision model creation based on geometry obtained from CAD environment. Chapters are focused on optimization of FDM technology preparation process with aim of maximal precision of the parts. There also is algorithm that leads to selection of suitable settings for these problems. There are outputs in form of graph and tables accumulating information directly affecting precision aspects of manufacturing.

scholarly journals Additive Manufacturing in the Geopolymer Construction Technology: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-161
Author(s):  
Salmabanu Luhar ◽  
Ismail Luhar
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Labor Requirements ◽  
Net Shaping

This research paper presents a scientific attempt of a comprehensive systematic review of three-dimensional printing in geopolymer construction technology. The concept of 3D printing is an automated manufacturing process, layer- by- layer command, with computer-aided design model to create physical objects, acquiring swift development for the last few decades. An expansion of novel Geopolymer technology has been adopted in the construction and infrastructure industries for decades. The critical challenges of construction and infrastructure industries, such as the need for architectural, holistic, and rational designs, can be dealt with 3D printing techniques. Plentiful advantages of this emerging novel technology include a reduced amount of cost, ease of construction, a lesser amount of time, freedom of design, less wastage, aptitude to create complex structures, decrease in labor requirements, etc. Accordingly, The paper discusses common 3D techniques, such as Fused Deposition Modelling, Selective Laser Sintering, Stereolithography, 3D plotting, Laminated Object Manufacturing technique, Direct Energy deposition technique or laser engineered net shaping, Powder Bed Fusion and Inject Head 3D printing and direct deposition method. Overall, this study provides an introduction of 3D printing automation and robotics processes in a geopolymer construction industry. Ultimately, the paper emphasizes to motivate researchers towards future studies about 3D printing.

scholarly journals Effect of Infill Percentage on Properties of FDM Printed GPLA/PETGs

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1732-1737
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Aided Design

Additive Manufacturing termed by ASTM standard referred to in short as, the technology of fabricating a model based on creating a three-dimensional Computer-Aided Design structure. In the context of developing a product from digital data directly, widely involved various technologies. Amongst them, one being Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) which supervises the principle of AM, is widely known for developing a polymer-constructed sturdiest range of materials or parts are having operative mechanical properties. Even though, the main problem exaggerates that, the quality of the output still denies due to which void parts are created from bubbles trapped leading to failure of parts under mechanical stresses. Since with 15% infill, stronger parts are estimated and their mechanical properties are studied. Since the work signifies the influence of 15% infill on mechanical properties in estimating stronger products by layered addition process. The experimental methodology is based on structural infill parameters determining goal in achieving and studying material mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Influence of the Infill Geometry of 3D-Printed Tablets on Drug Dissolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Nuno Venâncio ◽  
Gabriela G. Pereira ◽  
João F. Pinto ◽  
Ana I. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Drug Dissolution ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Dimensional Printing ◽  
Hot Melt ◽  
Patient Centric

Patient-centric therapy is especially important in pediatrics and may be attained by three-dimensional printing. Filaments containing 30% w/w of theophylline were produced by hot-melt extrusion and printed using fused deposition modelling to produce tablets. Here, preliminary results evaluating the effect of infill geometry (cross, star, grid) on drug content and release are reported.

Investigations of process parameters during dissolution studies of drug loaded 3D printed tablets

2021 ◽  
pp. 095441192199358
Author(s):  
Varun Sharma ◽  
Khaja Moinuddin Shaik ◽  
Archita Choudhury ◽  
Pramod Kumar ◽  
Prateek Kala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Empirical Relation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Rate Of Dissolution ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Percentage Release

The present research paper attempts to study the effect of different process parameters on the dissolution rate during 3D printed tablets. Three-dimensional printing has the potential of serving tailored made tablets to cater personalized drug delivery systems. Fluorescein loaded PVA filaments through impregnation route was used to fabricate tablets based on Taguchi based design of experimentation using Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). The effect of print speed, infill percentage and layer thickness were analyzed to study the effect on rate of dissolution. Infill percentage followed by print speed were found to be critical parameters affecting dissolution rate. The data analysis provided an insight into the study of interaction among different 3D printing parameters to develop an empirical relation for percentage release of the drug in human body.

scholarly journals Processing of (Co)Poly(2-oxazoline)s by Electrospinning and Extrusion from Melt and the Postprocessing Properties of the (Co)Polymers

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Wałach ◽  
Natalia Oleszko-Torbus ◽  
Alicja Utrata-Wesołek ◽  
Marcelina Bochenek ◽  
Ewa Kijeńska-Gawrońska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Molar Mass ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Gradient Copolymers ◽  
Fused Deposition

Poly(2-oxazoline) (POx) matrices in the form of non-woven fibrous mats and three-dimensional moulds were obtained by electrospinning and fused deposition modelling (FDM), respectively. To obtain these materials, poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) (PiPrOx) and gradient copolymers of 2-isopropyl- with 2-n-propyl-2-oxazoline (P(iPrOx-nPrOx)), with relatively low molar masses and low dispersity values, were processed. The conditions for the electrospinning of POx were optimised for both water and the organic solvent. Also, the FDM conditions for the fabrication of POx multi-layer moulds of cylindrical or cubical shape were optimised. The properties of the POx after electrospinning and extrusion from melt were determined. The molar mass of all (co)poly(2-oxazoline)s did not change after electrospinning. Also, FDM did not influence the molar masses of the (co)polymers; however, the long processing of the material caused degradation and an increase in molar mass dispersity. The thermal properties changed significantly after processing of POx what was monitored by increase in enthalpy of exo- and endothermic peaks in differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curve. The influence of the processing conditions on the structure and properties of the final material were evaluated having in a mind their potential application as scaffolds.

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