scholarly journals Role of Waste Cost in Thermoeconomic Analysis

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuneyt Uysal ◽  
Ho-Young Kwak
Keyword(s):  
Production Cost ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Industrial Ecology ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Thermal Systems ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
System Components

Power plants or thermal systems wherein products such as electricity and steam are generated affect the natural environment, as well as human society, through the discharging of wastes. The wastes from such plants may include ashes, flue gases, and hot water streams. The waste cost is of primary importance in plant operation and industrial ecology. Therefore, an appropriate approach for including waste cost in a thermoeconomic analysis is essential. In this study, a method to take waste cost into account in thermoeconomics to determine the production cost of products via thermoeconomic analysis is proposed. The calculation of the waste cost flow rates at the dissipative units and their allocation to system components are important to obtain the production cost of a plant.

The Control of Iron Bacterial Plugging of a Well by Tyndallization Using Hot Water Recycling

1986 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Cullimore ◽  
N. Mansuy
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Recycling ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Water Well ◽  
Flow Loss ◽  
The Town

Abstract A small diameter water well drilled in 1977 in the Town of Bulyea, Saskatchewan generated such a rapid plugging (biofouling) that by 1979 the flow rate was reduced by 59%. Heavy growths of non-specific iron bacteria were found in the water and biofouling projected to be the principal cause of the flow loss. Tyndallization (repeated pasteurizations) treatment was applied using a hot water recycling system installed above the well head. Using a displacement passive gravity direct injection of hot water at 82°C from a water heater into the well, a sequential elevation of water column temperatures occurred until bio-film dispersion occurred (pasteurization) at 45°C+. A recovery to original flow specifications was repeatedly obtained at time intervals ranging from 6 to 403 days. Between treatments, a recurrence of biofouling was noted with flow reductions of 0.06 – 0.07 1/min/day frequently being noted. The rate of plugging appeared to be affected by the previous sequence of pasteurization treatments. Tyndallization was found to satisfactorily control iron bacterial biofouling and maintain flow rates.

scholarly journals RELaTED Project: New Developments on Ultra-Low Temperature District Heating Networks

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Antonio Garrido Marijuan ◽  
Roberto Garay ◽  
Mikel Lumbreras ◽  
Víctor Sánchez ◽  
Olga Macias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Thermal Systems ◽  
Heating Source ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Thermal Sources ◽  
Heating Networks

District heating networks deliver around 13% of the heating energy in the EU, being considered as a key element of the progressive decarbonization of Europe. The H2020 REnewable Low TEmperature District project (RELaTED) seeks to contribute to the energy decarbonization of these infrastructures through the development and demonstration of the following concepts: reduction in network temperature down to 50 °C, integration of renewable energies and waste heat sources with a novel substation concept, and improvement on building-integrated solar thermal systems. The coupling of renewable thermal sources with ultra-low temperature district heating (DH) allows for a bidirectional energy flow, using the DH as both thermal storage in periods of production surplus and a back-up heating source during consumption peaks. The ultra-low temperature enables the integration of a wide range of energy sources such as waste heat from industry. Furthermore, RELaTED also develops concepts concerning district heating-connected reversible heat pump systems that allow to reach adequate thermal levels for domestic hot water as well as the use of the network for district cooling with high performance. These developments will be demonstrated in four locations: Estonia, Serbia, Denmark, and Spain.

Non-native poeciliids in hot water: the role of thermal springs in facilitating invasion of tropical species

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quenton M. Tuckett ◽  
Katelyn M. Lawson ◽  
Taylor N. Lipscomb ◽  
Jeffrey E. Hill ◽  
Wesley M. Daniel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hot Water ◽  
Thermal Springs ◽  
Tropical Species

scholarly journals Politics, industry, and tourism: The conceptual construction of the blue highway

2020 ◽  
pp. 002252662097950
Author(s):  
Fredrik Bertilsson
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Community Building ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
The Road ◽  
Conceptual Construction ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Post War

This article contributes to the research on the expansion of the Swedish post-war road network by illuminating the role of tourism in addition to political and industrial agendas. Specifically, it examines the “conceptual construction” of the Blue Highway, which currently stretches from the Atlantic Coast of Norway, traverses through Sweden and Finland, and enters into Russia. The focus is on Swedish governmental reports and national press between the 1950s and the 1970s. The article identifies three overlapping meanings attached to the Blue Highway: a political agenda of improving the relationships between the Nordic countries, industrial interests, and tourism. Political ambitions of Nordic community building were clearly pronounced at the onset of the project. Industrial actors depended on the road for the building of power plants and dams. The road became gradually more connected with the view of tourism as the motor of regional development.

scholarly journals Effect of Flue Gases’ Corrosive Components on the Degradation Process of Evaporator Tubes

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3860
Author(s):  
Mária Hagarová ◽  
Milan Vaško ◽  
Miroslav Pástor ◽  
Gabriela Baranová ◽  
Miloš Matvija
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Saturated Steam ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Local Overheating ◽  
Inner Surface

Corrosion of boiler tubes remains an operational and economic limitation in municipal waste power plants. The understanding of the nature, mechanism, and related factors can help reduce the degradation process caused by corrosion. The chlorine content in the fuel has a significant effect on the production of gaseous components (e.g., HCl) and condensed phases on the chloride base. This study aimed to analyze the effects of flue gases on the outer surface and saturated steam on the inner surface of the evaporator tube. The influence of gaseous chlorides and sulfates or their deposits on the course and intensity of corrosion was observed. The salt melts reacted with the steel surface facing the flue gas flow and increased the thickness of the oxide layer up to a maximum of 30 mm. On the surface not facing the flue gas flow, they disrupted the corrosive layer, reduced its adhesion, and exposed the metal surface. Beneath the massive deposits, a local overheating of the inner surface of the evaporator tubes occurred, which resulted in the release of the protective magnetite layer from the surface. Ash deposits reduce the boiler’s thermal efficiency because they act as a thermal resistor for heat transfer between the flue gases and the working medium in the pipes. The effect of insufficient feedwater treatment was evinced in the presence of mineral salts in the corrosion layer on the inner surface of the tube.

The Role of Industrial Ecology in Maximizing the Value of the Organization

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-53
Author(s):  
Nazar Rasheed Nori ◽  
Sandeep Kumar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Industrial Ecology ◽  
Water Industry ◽  
Independent Research ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Primary Hypothesis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The research aims to show the role of industrial ecology in optimizing the value of mineral water industry organizations in the city of Dohuk through the adoption of a significant problem: What is the role of industrial ecology in optimizing the value of organizations? The researcher has adopted a primary hypothesis in studying the problem. The researcher also measured the reality of the problem and the validity of the hypothesis on the method of opinion questionnaire: a sample of organizations of mineral water industry consisting of 27 individuals using a questionnaire consisting of a set of questions related to the independent research variables (industrial ecology) and the approved variable (the value of the organization). The number of questions related to the independent variable was 10 questions, and 16 questions were related to the dependent variable. Then the researchers used some statistical methods in analyzing the questionnaire. The relationship and impact between industrial ecology and the value of the organization has been settled. The researchers have reached a significant conclusion that there is a positive correlation between the two research variables and that the industrial ecology affects the maximization of the value of mineral water industry organizations in the market of the city of Dohuk (0.114 once).

The Role of African Students in Technology Transfer

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-51
Author(s):  
Ephraim Nkwute Aniebona
Keyword(s):  
Human Society ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
African Students ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
Human Effort ◽  
Basic Human Needs ◽  
Developed Nations

The term, “technology,” as used here, refers basically to: (1) the science or art of devising tools and instruments and how to use them; (2) the development of new materials and substances and their application; (3) the development of machines to supplement or replace human effort, where desirable and feasible; (4) the development of energy and power resources for running the machines; and (5) the development of efficient methods of doing work—that is, using tools, machines, and instruments. From an observation of human efforts throughout the world, it is clear that every human society is concerned with technology, for it is a proven means by which man has extended his power beyond his physical capacity and gained some control over his environment. Although technology exists in every society, it is the amount and quality of the technology that separates nations today on a scale of economic development. Whilst the developing, technologically backward countries of Africa constantly face the basic human needs of food, shelter, and clothing, the developed nations consume and enjoy a disproportionate amount of the world’s resources and wealth by reason of their technological advancement.

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