scholarly journals The Economic Effects of Electromobility in Sustainable Urban Public Transport

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliwia Pietrzak ◽  
Krystian Pietrzak
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Energy Mix ◽  
Zero Emission ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Given

This paper focuses on effects of implementing zero-emission buses in public transport fleets in urban areas in the context of electromobility assumptions. It fills the literature gap in the area of research on the impact of the energy mix of a given country on the issues raised in this article. The main purpose of this paper is to identify and analyse economic effects of implementing zero-emission buses in public transport in cities. The research area was the city of Szczecin, Poland. The research study was completed using the following research methods: literature review, document analysis (legal acts and internal documents), case study, ratio analysis, and comparative analysis of selected variants (investment variant and base variant). The conducted research study has shown that economic benefits resulting from implementing zero-emission buses in an urban transport fleet are limited by the current energy mix structure of the given country. An unfavourable energy mix may lead to increased emissions of SO2 and CO2 resulting from operation of this kind of vehicle. Therefore, achieving full effects in the field of electromobility in the given country depends on taking concurrent actions in order to diversify the power generation sources, and in particular on increasing the share of Renewable Energy Sources (RES).

scholarly journals Behavior of Traffic Congestion and Public Transport in Eight Large Cities in Latin America during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4703
Author(s):  
Renato Andara ◽  
Jesús Ortego-Osa ◽  
Melva Inés Gómez-Caicedo ◽  
Rodrigo Ramírez-Pisco ◽  
Luis Manuel Navas-Gracia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Johns Hopkins Hospital ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Public Data ◽  
The Impact

This comparative study analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on motorized mobility in eight large cities of five Latin American countries. Public institutions and private organizations have made public data available for a better understanding of the contagion process of the pandemic, its impact, and the effectiveness of the implemented health control measures. In this research, data from the IDB Invest Dashboard were used for traffic congestion as well as data from the Moovit© public transport platform. For the daily cases of COVID-19 contagion, those published by Johns Hopkins Hospital University were used. The analysis period corresponds from 9 March to 30 September 2020, approximately seven months. For each city, a descriptive statistical analysis of the loss and subsequent recovery of motorized mobility was carried out, evaluated in terms of traffic congestion and urban transport through the corresponding regression models. The recovery of traffic congestion occurs earlier and faster than that of urban transport since the latter depends on the control measures imposed in each city. Public transportation does not appear to have been a determining factor in the spread of the pandemic in Latin American cities.

scholarly journals Building a Model of Integration of Urban Sharing and Public Transport Services

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3086
Author(s):  
Marcin Jacek Kłos ◽  
Grzegorz Sierpiński
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
The Given ◽  
Public Transport Services ◽  
Potential Area

The intense growth of cities affects their inhabitants to a considerable extent. The issues facing the traveling population include congestion and growing harmful emissions. Urban transport requires changes towards eco-friendly solutions. However, even though new forms of traveling (sharing services) are being implemented, their integration with public transport remains problematic. On account of the large number of available services combined with the absence of their integration, city inhabitants are faced with the dilemma of choosing between one or several transport modes which would enable them to make the given trip. The main goal of this article is to propose a model for integration of different transport services which could support those who intend to travel in the decision-making process. Therefore, the parameters of a model of urban sharing services were identified and classified. The parameters discussed in the paper with reference to an extensive literature review describe how individual sharing services are functioning. What has also been identified is the location-specific factors as well as those related to the potential area of operation which affect the integration with public transport. In order to take all the relevant parameters into account and find a solution to the problem at hand, a multi-criteria decision-making approach has been proposed. To this end, scores and weights determining their impact on the model have been established. For purposes of the solution in question, the relevant calculations were conducted by referring to an actual need to travel between selected locations.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Return on Investment in Solar Collectors on the Example of a Household: The Case of Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Niekurzak ◽  
Ewa Kubińska-Jabcoń
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Solar Collectors ◽  
The Impact

Background: The growing consumption is what drives the development of unsustainable energy and material-intensive production technologies that emit large quantities of pollutants into the atmosphere, water, and land. Obtaining green energy allows reduction of the interference with the environment and, consequently, fits into a sustainable energy development strategy. In order to achieve the emission targets set by the EU for Poland, it is necessary to prioritize the development of renewable energy sources (RES) technologies within the energy sector.Methods: The purpose of the study was to present the results of the research relating to the return on investment of solar collectors for single-family houses in Poland. The research was presented on the basis of the legal conditions applicable to micro installations in the light of the amendment of the RES Act, and the impact of these amendments on the aspects of such investment was determined.Results: On the basis of the constructed economic model used to assess the return on investment of increasing the area of solar collectors, it has been shown that an operating installation will bring measurable economic benefits in the form of reduction in the amount of energy purchased annually in the amount of 6,756 kWh and environmental benefits in the form of reduction of carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere 2.4–3.6 Mg per year. An installation subsidized under the “My Electricity” program can reach an NPV of EUR 6,000 over 20 years at a discount rate r = 0 and assuming that the electricity is EUR 0.15/kWh. If the price rises to 0.2 EUR/kWh, the NPV will be 10,000 EUR. For the analyzed installation, the investment consisting in increasing the collector area in accordance with NPV is economically effective for the absorber area in the range of 5.6–7.6 m2 and reaches the maximum value for the absorber area of 6.6 m2, while the absorber area above 7 m2 contributes to reduce the value of the economic return on investment. The obtained results have been generalized, which allows to use them in the process of selecting the size of collector area for similar installations.Conclusion: The return on investment analysis carried out in respect of a detached house allowed to demonstrate that this project is fully justified. Furthermore, pursuant to the Renewable Energy Sources Act in force in Poland, treating a small entrepreneur as a prosumer who may generally take advantage of favorable conditions for discounting the produced energy leads to very favorable possibilities of settling electricity. Considering an entrepreneur as a prosumer who may use one-off depreciation of a solar collectors installation as a fixed asset and request for VAT refund is what makes such an investment very attractive in financial terms and makes it difficult to find a safe investment alternative characterized by such a high rate of return.

scholarly journals Public Transport to the Airport and Its Influence on Handling Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Slobodan Stojić ◽  
Vladimir Pazdro ◽  
Roman Vokáč
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Waiting Times ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Airport Security ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mass Public ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Given

The paper focuses on several possibilities of the mass public transport to the airport, including analyses of the expected impact on the various airport processes. Within the article, three main transportation system types will be described and compared. Firstly, the problem regarding current bus transfer system to the Václav Havel airport Prague will be analyzed. According to the analysis results the focus now turns to the description of the potential influence of the introduction of the new transfer systems, including the impact on the airport security and passport control process, and other procedures, which include some kind of a queuing process. This airport was chosen as the biggest airport in the Czech Republic, which in today and future business environment could expect problems related to the public transport of the passengers to and from the airport. Besides the description of the current structure, the paper tries to elaborate issues such as calculation of the queue waiting times and to propose a new system, more suitable for the given conditions. Results of the research include various calculations, such dependence of a modal split and intervals of the waiting times within a check-in process.

scholarly journals The impact of social, environmental and corporate governance disclosures on firm value

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Aboud ◽  
Ahmed Diab
Keyword(s):  
Firm Value ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Market Reactions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) practices disclosure and firm value in the Egyptian context. This is done through investigating the influence of being listed and ranked in the Egyptian Corporate Responsibility Index on firm value during the period starting from 2007 to 2016.Design/methodology/approachUsing univariate and multivariate analyses, the findings support the economic benefits of ESG disclosures.FindingsThe authors find that firms listed in the ESG index have higher firm value, and that there is a positive association between firms’ higher rankings in the index and firm value, as measured by Tobin’sq.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings provide feedback to regulators and standard-setters in the developing countries, and more specifically the Egyptian regulators, on the benefits associated with the introduction of the sustainability index (Standard & Poor’s (S&P)/EGX ESG index). This, in turn, clarifies how the government’s efforts to promote ESG provide benefits to publicly traded firms.Practical implicationsBy linking ESG to firm value, the ESG index will enable investors to take a leading role in inducing firms to enhance transparency and disclosure, and hence, improving their reporting standards. This, in turn, will ultimately result in improving sustainability and governance practices in Egypt.Social implicationsThe reported positive market reactions to social and governance practices disclosures can motivate firms to improve their social and governance performance.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the literature by addressing the combined economic effects of social and governance disclosures on firm value, and by investigating the economic effects of such disclosures on firm value in an emerging market.

THE EXTENT OF INFLUENCE OF O–D MATRIX ON THE RESULTS OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT MODELING

Transport ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasa Ušpalytė-Vitkūnienė ◽  
Vytautas Grigonis ◽  
Gražvydas Paliulis
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Break Point ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Modelling ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
Route Network ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Impact

A rapidly developing and equality-based society needs a reliable and attractive public transport system. With booming mobility in Lithuania, a great importance has been attached to the sustainable development concept, and public transport has been given priority in the urban transport system. Accessibility and comfort of public transport are essential indicators that guarantee equal travelling opportunities for all people. Transport modelling is the only economical and sufficiently reliable way to carry out a forward assessment of the impact of innovations to be applied to the overall system without involvement of passengers. This paper considers estimation of the origin–destination (O–D) matrix and its size correction. The public transport (PT) system of Vilnius City was taken as a basis for the research. Modelling of Vilnius City public transport was carried out with the help of VISUM software. Modelling of the public transport route network in Vilnius is aimed at improving the quality of life of inhabitants of the city. The O–D matrix is one of the key elements in modelling. Reliability of modelling results is based on reliability and size of the matrix. Although many scientists analyse the problem of estimating an O–D matrix, this paper focuses on the size of the O–D matrix required in order to give reliable results in PT modelling. During the first step, the matrix of 230 transport districts is estimated, which is reduced by 10 percent with every following step. The aim of this article is to find the break point in the size of O–D matrix where the reliability of PT modeling results falls.

scholarly journals MOTIVATIONS IN MANAGING THE TRANSPORT BEHAVIOR OF THE INHABITANTS OF MEGACITIES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana Petrovska ◽  
Olena Komchatnyh
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Hidden Variables ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Traffic Demand ◽  
Transport Behavior ◽  
Consumer Value ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The article considers the main approaches to the analysis of motivation in the management of transport behavior of the inhabitants of megacities. A number of surveys of urban residents confirm that the level of traffic is one of the main problems facing society. Concepts for managing the demand for passenger traffic in the world's cities are considered. The goals, objectives and measures of the concept of traffic demand management are defined and structured. Cities around the world are looking for opportunities to switch drivers from private cars to public transport. Psychological determinants (attitudes, acceptance, interests), which are important but hidden variables in the analysis of transport behavior of megacities, are substantiated. Among them, the content is completely unexpected, those that are not considered in domestic scientific sources to assess the quality of urban transport (and are just beginning to appear in foreign studies). Personal factors of transport behavior (re-choice of route) are considered from the standpoint of a new scientific trend - behavioral economics. Improving the quality of services also determines high ratings of satisfaction and consumer value. Consumer value suffered mainly from the sacrifices of passengers. Based on the findings, a number of management measures were proposed. The TDM concept is one way to manage the demand for transportation. Managing demand for transportation is not a panacea, but it helps solve transportation problems in the city. An analysis of the availability of opportunities to motivate people to use public transport more often (with an acceptable value of the perceived quality of travel). Among the conditions and motives for the transition to the use of public transport to replace the car should be noted: the strength of the impact on the person; unconditional quality of providing basic and additional services when traveling in the city; creation of a person's stable personal beliefs (environmental, sense of their own city, etc.); providing transport information in real time. Fear of loss of time, increased costs, accidents, violation of private space (crowding) is also a strong motive for changing transport behavior.

scholarly journals Economic Dynamic Modelling of Climate Policy in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (55) ◽  
pp. 246-255
Author(s):  
Olga Kiuila ◽  
Emilia Lewczuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Time Horizon ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Dynamic Modelling ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Dynamic ◽  
Energy Mix ◽  
Capital Intensive

Abstract Poland is responsible for 9% of CO2 emission in the European Union (EU), making it the fifth biggest emitter in the region. The energy sector is dominated by electricity produced from coal (around 70%). The country currently uses massive subsidies to boost the coal sector. We propose a dynamic intertemporal hybrid general equilibrium model to simulate the economic effects of sector regulations and new policy targets within environmental taxation scenarios, by accounting for a complex set of linkages between the energy sector and other components of the economy. Our simulation results suggest that positive economic growth is possible with a realistic energy mix, but it will not offer considerable emission reduction, as required by the European Commission. In the short-time horizon, the best choice is renewable energy sources indicated by less capital-intensive technologies (such as biomass). In the long-time horizon, more capital-intensive technologies (such as wind turbines) will be a better choice for economic growth. Carbon tax plays a crucial role in optimal energy mix targets, since its elimination ceteris paribus implies negative economic growth.

scholarly journals The Impact of Congestion on the Costs of Public Transport in Starogard Gdański

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Marek Gierszewski ◽  
Aleksandra Koźlak
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Ticket Sales ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Opt Out ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Congestion in the urban transport network is common not only in large agglomerations, but also in medium-sized cities in all countries that are characterized by a high level of socio-economic development. Traffic congestion has negative impact on economic, social, and environment development. The costs of congestion are borne by all users of the transport system, both drivers, passengers, entities providing transport services, as well as enterprises using freight transport services. The purpose of the article is to discuss the results of the study on the impact of congestion on the costs of public transport in a medium-sized city. The research method consisted in the analysis of vehicle road cards, fuel consumption statements for buses belonging to the Municipal Transport Company in Starogard Gdański and the examination of real bus travel times and the scale of delays caused by congestion on individual lines. The analysis of the data shows that thecompany bears much higher costs of fuel consumption, and passengers are exposed to bus arrivals and departures inconsistently with the timetable, prompting them to opt out of public transport services. This results in lower revenues from ticket sales and deterioration of the company’s financial result.

scholarly journals Global Energy Transition and the Role of Energy Mix in Creating Energy Crisis in Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jibran Hussain ◽  
Sallahuddin Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Markets ◽  
Energy Crisis ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Mix ◽  
The Impact

The reliance on non-renewable energy sources is the influence scheming international energy markets and macroeconomic dynamics. Developing economies remain volatile to energy markets due to their heavy reliance on non-renewable energy sources and their low capability to maintain stable energy stock and expensive energy mix, such as Pakistan. The application of autoregressive distributed lag shows that the impact of the energy mix has a significant positive impact on the energy crisis of Pakistan in the long run. Which means that at the macroeconomic perspective only increasing prices of energy have adverse effects, whereas in the short run energy mix shows a significant negative impact on the energy crisis, implying artificial and unsuitable short term ad-hoc adjustments. Therefore, the reluctance in transforming towards the renewable energy sources and ad-hoc adjustments in the formation of the energy mix is a factor of energy crisis in the country.

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