scholarly journals Personalized Anti-Vibration Protection for Telematics Devices in Urban Freight Transport Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4193
Author(s):  
Jacek Wojnowski ◽  
Jarosław Chmiel
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomers ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Damping Capacity ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Urban Freight Transport ◽  
Design And Manufacturing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Vibrations are a major cause of human health disorders, circuit boards and machinery damage. Vibration dampers are considered to be the best option to counter these issues. Three-dimensional printing techniques play an increasingly important role in manufacturing small polymer parts with tailored properties. Thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) constitute a perfect material for manufacturing small-scale series absorber prototypes due to their thermoplastic nature, good elasticity and damping properties. This paper proposes a novel multi-level approach to the design and manufacturing process, e.g., the first level—selection of material; second level—decision about the geometry of a damper; third—selection of technological printing parameters; fourth—post-printing treatment. This work primarily aims to overview the design and manufacturing process levels. The impact of each step on the damping capacity of small absorbers is assessed. It was found that thermoplastic elastomers and fused deposition modeling (FDM) have huge potential in shaping the physical properties of small, elastomeric absorbers. It was assessed that at every step of the multilevel design and manufacturing process (MDMP), the designer could tailor the damping to meet the desired criteria of a final product: a cylinder-shaped hollow damper that can be made from TPE polymer without post-printing treatment and is characterized by good damping.

Extrusion-Based 3D Printing for Pharmaceuticals: Contemporary Research and Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (42) ◽  
pp. 4991-5008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed S. Algahtani ◽  
Abdul Aleem Mohammed ◽  
Javed Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Personalised Medicine ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Release Profile ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Drug Release Profile ◽  
Fused Deposition

Three-dimensional printing (3DP) has a significant impact on organ transplant, cosmetic surgery, surgical planning, prosthetics and other medical fields. Recently, 3 DP attracted the attention as a promising method for the production of small-scale drug production. The knowledge expansion about the population differences in metabolism and genetics grows the need for personalised medicine substantially. In personalised medicine, the patient receives a tailored dose and the release profile is based on his pharmacokinetics data. 3 DP is expected to be one of the leading solutions for the personalisation of the drug dispensing. This technology can fabricate a drug-device with complicated geometries and fillings to obtain the needed drug release profile. The extrusionbased 3 DP is the most explored method for investigating the feasibility of the technology to produce a novel dosage form with properties that are difficult to achieve using the conventional industrial methods. Extrusionbased 3 DP is divided into two techniques, the semi-solid extrusion (SSE) and the fused deposition modeling (FDM). This review aims to explain the extrusion principles behind the two techniques and discuss their capabilities to fabricate novel dosage forms. The advantages and limitations observed through the application of SSE and FDM for fabrication of drug dosage forms were discussed in this review. Further exploration and development are required to implement this technology in the healthcare frontline for more effective and personalised treatment.

scholarly journals 3D Printing of Mini Tablets for Pediatric Use

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Julius Krause ◽  
Laura Müller ◽  
Dorota Sarwinska ◽  
Anne Seidlitz ◽  
Malgorzata Sznitowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Pediatric Diseases ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Pediatric Use

In the treatment of pediatric diseases, suitable dosages and dosage forms are often not available for an adequate therapy. The use of innovative additive manufacturing techniques offers the possibility of producing pediatric dosage forms. In this study, the production of mini tablets using fused deposition modeling (FDM)-based 3D printing was investigated. Two pediatric drugs, caffeine and propranolol hydrochloride, were successfully processed into filaments using hyprolose and hypromellose as polymers. Subsequently, mini tablets with diameters between 1.5 and 4.0 mm were printed and characterized using optical and thermal analysis methods. By varying the number of mini tablets applied and by varying the diameter, we were able to achieve different release behaviors. This work highlights the potential value of FDM 3D printing for the on-demand production of patient individualized, small-scale batches of pediatric dosage forms.

Multi-objective optimization approach in design for additive manufacturing for fused deposition modeling

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 875-887
Author(s):  
Elnaz Asadollahi-Yazdi ◽  
Julien Gardan ◽  
Pascal Lafon
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Topological Optimization ◽  
Design For Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Design And Manufacturing ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Manufacturing Parameters

Purpose This paper aims to provide a multi-objective optimization problem in design for manufacturing (DFM) approach for fused deposition modeling (FDM). This method considers the manufacturing criteria and constraints during the design by selecting the best manufacturing parameters to guide the designer and manufacturer in fabrication with FDM. Design/methodology/approach Topological optimization and bi-objective optimization problems are suggested to complete the DFM approach for design for additive manufacturing (DFAM) to define a product. Topological optimization allows the shape improvement of the product through a material distribution for weight gain based on the desired mechanical behavior. The bi-objective optimization problem plays an important role to evaluate the manufacturability by quantification and optimization of the manufacturing criteria and constraint simultaneously. Actually, it optimizes the production time, required material regarding surface quality and mechanical properties of the product because of two significant parameters as layer thickness and part orientation. Findings A comprehensive analysis of the existing DFAM approaches illustrates that these approaches are not developed sufficiently in terms of manufacturability evaluation in quantification and optimization levels. There is no approach that investigates the AM criteria and constraints simultaneously. It is necessary to provide a decision-making tool for the designers and manufacturers to lead to better design and manufacturing regarding the different AM characteristics. Practical implications To assess the efficiency of this approach, a wheel spindle is considered as a case study which shows how this method is capable to find the best design and manufacturing solutions. Originality/value A multi-criteria decision-making approach as the main contribution is developed to analyze FDM technology and its attributes, criteria and drawbacks. It completes the DFAM approach for FDM through a bi-objective optimization problem which deals with finding the best manufacturing parameters by optimizing production time and material mass because of the product mechanical properties and surface roughness.

scholarly journals Analysis of the surface quality of polycaprolactam 3D prints enriched with carbon and glass fiber

2021 ◽  
Vol 338 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Damian Dzienniak ◽  
Jan Pawlik
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Fiber Glass ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Additive manufacturing has been gaining popularity and availability year by year, which has resulted in its dynamic development. The most common 3D printing method as of today, FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling), owing to its peculiarity, does not always guarantee producing objects with low surface roughness. The authors of the present article have taken on the analysis of the impact of FDM printing on the roughness of the filament thus processed. They also investigate the relationship between the roughness of the unprocessed filament (made of polycaprolactam, that is, polyamide 6 or PA6) with admixtures of other materials (carbon fiber, glass fiber) and the surface quality of the manufactured object. The main subject of the analysis is the side surfaces of 3D prints, as it is their quality that is usually directly dependent on many factors connected with the process of the laying of the consecutive layers. The authors check step by step whether there exists a pronounced relationship between the roughness of the original filament material and the roughness of the obtained surface.

scholarly journals Experience of implementation in educational process modern technologies of FDM 3D printing

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Petr Andrienko ◽  
Vladimir Vasilevskij ◽  
Ivan Vittsivskyi
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Current Transformer ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Thermoplastic Material ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Modern Technologies

Fused Deposition Modeling is an additive manufacturing technology where a temperature-controlled head extrudes a thermoplastic material onto a build platform in a predetermined path. Standard, advanced thermoplastics and composites are used for printing. Among the areas of application for FDM printing, the main ones are rapid prototyping, as well as small-scale and batch production. The purpose of the work is the implementation of FDM 3D printing technology in the educational process of students in specialty 141 "Electroenergy, electrotechnics and electromechanics". The features of the technology of additive manufacturing of electrical apparatuses parts by the method of FDM printing have been investigated. Parts of four standard sizes were printed using ABS + and PLA plastics, namely, current transformer carcasses in the amount of 110 pieces and sensor bodies in the amount of 100 pieces. For printing, an FDM 3D printer was used built on the XZ Head Y Bed kinematic scheme with an open working chamber. The analysis of defects in finished products was carried out, which showed that the main defects are deviations of the actual dimensions and geometric shape of the finished products. Ways to prevent the occurrence of these defects are considered, namely, correcting the size of the model at the stage of preparing the model for printing, minimizing the filling density of the model, using brims in models, setting the optimal temperature of the working platform and simultaneously printing several products. The results of the study o features of the technology of additive manufacturing of electrical apparatuses parts by the method of FDM printing made it possible to develop a set of laboratory works for students of the specialty 141 "Electroenergy, electrotechnics and electromechanics".

scholarly journals Low-Cost Additive Manufacturing Techniques Applied to the Design of Planar Microwave Circuits by Fused Deposition Modeling

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Héctor García-Martínez ◽  
Ernesto Ávila-Navarro ◽  
Germán Torregrosa-Penalva ◽  
Alberto Rodríguez-Martínez ◽  
Carolina Blanco-Angulo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Microwave Frequency ◽  
Microwave Circuits ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Microwave Electronic ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques

This work presents a study on the implementation and manufacturing of low-cost microwave electronic circuits, made with additive manufacturing techniques using fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology. First, the manufacturing process of substrates with different filaments, using various options offered by additive techniques in the manufacture of 3D printing parts, is described. The implemented substrates are structurally analyzed by ultrasound techniques to verify the correct metallization and fabrication of the substrate, and the characterization of the electrical properties in the microwave frequency range of each filament is performed. Finally, standard and novel microwave filters in microstrip and stripline technology are implemented, making use of the possibilities offered by additive techniques in the manufacturing process. The designed devices were manufactured and measured with good results, which demonstrates the possibility of using low-cost 3D printers in the design process of planar microwave circuits.

scholarly journals The impact of 3D-printed LAY-FOMM 40 and LAY-FOMM 60 on L929 cells and human oral fibroblasts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunpreet Oberoi ◽  
Sophie Nitsch ◽  
Klara Janjić ◽  
Hassan Shokoohi-Tabrizi ◽  
Andreas Moritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Toxicity Assay ◽  
L929 Cells ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Direct Model ◽  
Culture Models ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Oral Cells

Abstract Objectives LAY-FOMM is a promising material for FDA-approved Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) applications in drug delivery. Here we investigated the impact on oral cells. Materials and methods We evaluated the impact of 3D-printed LAY-FOMM 40, LAY-FOMM 60, and biocompatible polylactic acid (PLA) on the activity of murine L929 cells, gingival fibroblasts (GF), and periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLF) using indirect (samples on cells), direct monolayer culture models (cells on samples), and direct spheroid cultures with resazurin-based toxicity assay, confirmed by MTT and Live-dead staining. The surface topography was evaluated with scanning electron microscopy. Results The materials LAY-FOMM 40 and LAY-FOMM 60 led to a reduction in resazurin conversion in L929 cells, GF, and PDLF, higher than the impact of PLA in indirect and direct culture models. Fewer vital cells were found in the presence of LAY-FOMM 40 and 60 than PLA, in the staining in both models. In the direct model, LAY-FOMM 40 and PLA showed less impact on viability in the resazurin-based toxicity assay than in the indirect model. Spheroid microtissues showed a reduction of cell activity of GF and PDLF with LAY-FOMM 40 and 60. Conclusion Overall, we found that LAY-FOMM 40 and LAY-FOMM 60 can reduce the activity of L292 and oral cells. Based on the results from the PLA samples, the direct model seems more reliable than the indirect model. Clinical relevance A material modification is desired in terms of biocompatibility as it can mask the effect of drugs and interfere with the function of the 3D-printed device.

Effect of layer thickness on irreversible thermal expansion and interlayer strength in fused deposition modeling

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 943-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony A. D’Amico ◽  
Analise Debaie ◽  
Amy M. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Thermal Strain ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of layer thickness on irreversible thermal expansion, residual stress and mechanical properties of additively manufactured parts. Design/methodology/approach Samples were printed at several layer thicknesses, and their irreversible thermal expansion, tensile strength and flexural strength were determined. Findings Irreversible thermal strain increases with decreasing layer thickness, up to 22 per cent strain. Tensile and flexural strengths exhibited a peak at a layer thickness of 200 μm although the maximum was not statistically significant at a 95 per cent confidence interval. Tensile strength was 54 to 97 per cent of reported values for injection molded acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and 29 to 73 per cent of those reported for bulk ABS. Flexural strength was 18 to 41 per cent of reported flexural strength for bulk ABS. Practical implications The large irreversible thermal strain exhibited that corresponding residual stresses could lead to failure of additively manufactured parts over time. Additionally, the observed irreversible thermal strains could enable thermally responsive shape in additively manufactured parts. Variation in mechanical properties with layer thickness will also affect manufactured parts. Originality/value Tailorable irreversible thermal strain of this magnitude has not been previously reported for additively manufactured parts. This strain occurs in parts made with both high-end and consumer grade fused deposition modeling machines. Additionally, the impact of layer thickness on tensile and flexural properties of additively manufactured parts has received limited attention in the literature.

scholarly journals Mechanical, Thermal and Microstructural Characteristic of 3D Printed Polylactide Composites with Natural Fibers: Wood, Bamboo and Cork

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina E. Mazur ◽  
Aleksandra Borucka ◽  
Paulina Kaczor ◽  
Szymon Gądek ◽  
Rafał Bogucki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Natural Fillers

AbstractIn the study, polylactide-based (PLA) composites modified with natural particles (wood, bamboo, and cork) and with different levels of infilling (100%, 80%, and 60%) obtained by fused deposition modeling were tested. The effect of fiber type, infill level and crystallization rate on the mechanical properties were investigated by using tensile, flexural, and impact tests. The materials were subjected to mechanical tests carried out at 23 and 80 °C. Differential scanning calorimetry were employed to analyze crystallization behavior of composite. Furthermore, hydrothermal degradation was performed, and its effect on the properties was analyzed. The addition of natural fillers and different levels of infilling result in a similar level of reduction in the properties. However, the addition of natural fillers resulted in a slightly lower drop than the lowered infilling rate − 40% and 50% for tensile strength, respectively. Moreover, it was found that, composites made of PLA are more sensitive to high temperatures than to water. The decrease in Young's modulus of PLA at 80 °C was 90%, while after 28 days of hydrodegradation ~ 9%. The addition of fibers reduced this decrease at elevated temperatures. Importantly, in the case of a brittle material such as PLA, the impact strength has been improved by 50% for composites with cork particles and other lignocellulosic composites remained at the same level as for resin. Generally, the thermal treatment of composites increased the degree of crystallinity of the materials, as reflected in the higher results of mechanical tests.

scholarly journals Determining the parameters for a 3D-printing process using the fused deposition modeling in order to manufacture an article with the required structural parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1 (110)) ◽  
pp. 70-80
Author(s):  
Oleksii Vambol ◽  
Andrii Kondratiev ◽  
Svitlana Purhina ◽  
Maryna Shevtsova
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Non Linear Programming ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Elasticity Module ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Printing Parameters

The mass application of FDM technology is slowed down due to the difficulty of selecting 3D printing parameters in order to manufacture an article with the required characteristics. This paper reports a study into the impact of 3D printing parameters (temperature, print speed, layer height) on mechanical parameters (strength, elasticity module), as well as on the accuracy of printing and roughness of the surface of a specimen based on thermoplastic (PLA plastic). Several batches of specimens were fabricated for this study in accordance with ASTM D638 and ASTM D695, which were tested for tension, geometric accuracy, and roughness. Based on the experimental data, regression analysis was carried out and the functional dependences of the strength, elasticity module, printing precision, roughness of a surface on 3D printing parameters (temperature, speed, thickness of the layer) were constructed. In addition, the derived mathematical model underlying a method of non-linear programming has established such printing parameters that could provide for the required properties of a structure. The analytical dependences reported in the current work demonstrate a high enough determination factor in the examined range of parameters. Using functional dependences during the design phase makes it possible to assess the feasibility of its manufacture with the required properties, reduce the time to work out the process of printing it, and give recommendations on the technological parameters of 3D printing. The recommendations from this study could be used to make PLA-plastic articles for various purposes with the required properties

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