scholarly journals Concentration of Metals in Native and Invasive Species of Fish in the Fluvial-Lagoon-Deltaic System of the Palizada River, Campeche

Fishes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
María del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez ◽  
Fabiola Lango-Reynoso ◽  
Gabycarmen Navarrete-Rodríguez ◽  
Armando Toyokazu Wakida-Kusunoki
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Invasive Fish ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Microwave System

Aquatic organisms, such as fish, are important indicators of the bioavailability of metals in coastal environments, demonstrating the capacity of different species to bioaccumulate these metallic elements. The fluvial-lagoon system of the Palizada River is an important ecosystem for its terrestrial and aquatic biological diversity where fishing is an important productive activity in this system. The objective of this research was to evaluate the concentration of Pb and Cd in the muscle tissue of native and invasive fish species in this area. For this, the digestion of fish muscle samples was carried out with a CEM MARS 5 Digestion Microwave System, while the quantification of metals was performed with an atomic absorption equipment. All analysis muscle samples from native and invasive fish showed Pb and Cd in their content. By sampling site there was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05), with a maximum Pb concentration of 7.760 µg g−1 at the LLAR site (Laguna Larga). In terms of species, the maximum Cd concentration was obtained in the Cyprinus carpio with 6.630 ± 0.127 and in Pterygoplichthus pardalis with 6.547 ± 0.873 µg g−1 (dry weight). The presence of metals such as Pb and Cd in muscle tissue of native and invasive fish species represents an important bioindicator of environmental exposure in the study area and a potential risk to public health, as these species are commonly consumed.

scholarly journals A Food-Safety Risk Assessment of Mercury, Lead and Cadmium in Fish Recreationally Caught from Three Lakes in Poland

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3507
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Chałabis-Mazurek ◽  
Jacek Rechulicz ◽  
Renata Pyz-Łukasik
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Lead And Cadmium

Heavy metals are introduced into water due to anthropogenic activities and can significantly affect an entire ecosystem. Due to their close integration with the water environment, fish are a sensitive indicator of contamination. In addition, fish is an important element in human diets, therefore, monitoring the concentrations of metallic contaminants in their meat is particularly important for food safety. This study aimed to assess the pollution of water ecosystems with selected toxic heavy metals in lakes Dratów, Czarne Sosnowickie, and Syczyńskie. The concentration of Pb, Cd, and Hg in water, sediment, and freshwater fish muscle tissue was determined, and a food safety assessment was performed. The analysis of water and sediments showed that the sediments were characterised by a significantly higher concentration of heavy metals. Presumably, this ecosystem element plays an important role in the uptake of heavy metal contaminants by fish whose levels were higher in planktonophagous and benthophagous fish species as compared to predatory fish. The food safety assessment showed that amounts of heavy metals in the muscle tissue posed no threat to the health of consumers ingesting that fish species, neither individually (THQ) nor collectively (TTHQ).

scholarly journals Concentration of copper (Cu) in tinfoil barb fish (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii) of Kuantan River and Pinang River, Pahang, Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 05003
Author(s):  
Nadzifah Yaakub ◽  
Shu Qi Choong ◽  
Wan Marlin Rohalin
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Permissible Limit ◽  
Limit Set ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Significant Difference

The study was conducted to determine of copper (Cu) in muscle tissue of Tinfoil Barn Fish (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii) and surface water at Kuantan River and Pinang River, Pahang. The study also determine the water quality parameters and water quality index (WQI). The fish was caught by using gill net and the were digest using acid digestion method and analysed by Inductive Coupled Plasma Micro Spectrometer (ICP-MS). The mean concentration of Cu in fish muscle was 0.5070 ± 0.01748 mg/kg for Kuantan River and 0.4732 ± 0.01807mg/kg for Pinang River which below the permissible limit set by Malaysia Food Act (MFA) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Cu concentration were 0.0052 ± 0.0004390 mg/kg in Kuantan River and 0.0017 ± 0.00006669 mg/kg in Pinang River. The level of Cu in both rivers were not harmful to the fish as the concentrations are below the permissible limit set by US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and National Water Quality Standard (NWQS). There was no significant difference (p < 0.05) in the concentration of muscle tissue for Cu between rivers. In contrast, there showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the concentration of Cu in water between rivers. Kuantan River and Pinang River have been classified in Class II according to the Department of Environment (DOE) that the water must require conventional treatment for water supply purpose.

scholarly journals Heavy metal pollution of ecosystem within the middle course of the Jihlava River

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 255-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Makovský ◽  
Petr Spurný ◽  
Jan Mareš ◽  
Josef Hedbávný ◽  
Tomáš Vítek
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Barbus Barbus ◽  
Dam Reservoirs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Water Bottom

The monitoring of the contents of heavy metal pollutants: total Hg, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Cu and Zn in fish muscle, water, bottom sediments and zoobenthos was realised in May and July of 2007 on two localities: Vladislav, upstream the Dalešice and Mohelno dam reservoirs (Czech Republic), and Hrubšice downstream them. Samples of fish muscle were taken from chub (Leuciscus cephalus), barbel (Barbus barbus) and brown trout (Salmo trutta m. fario). Water, bottom sediments and zoobenthos samples were taken as representative ones from both localities. The samples were analysed with the apparatus AMA 254, AA-300 and SPECTR AA-30. In water of both sites there was found above-limit (0.1 µg / l) content of mercury (0.99 µg / l Hrubšice, 2 µg / l Vladislav). The bottom sediments in Vladislav were most contaminated by Pb (120.21 mg / kg) and Cr (164.90 mg / kg) and in Hrubšice locality by Ni (90.66 mg / kg). High concentration of Pb (25.84 mg / kg) in Vladislav and of Ni (240.90 mg / kg) and Cr (140.5 mg / kg) in Hrubšice was found in zoobenthos. In the point of view contents of heavy metals in fish muscle tissue, statistically significant (p < 0.05) higher content of Hg was found in barbel and chub from Vladislav (0.155 ± 0.012 mg / kg and 0.163 ± 0.064 mg / kg) in comparison with Hrubšice (0.073 ± 0.035 mg / kg and 0.095 ± 0.082 mg / kg) as similarly as the concentration of Cd in chub (0.062 ± 0.140 mg / kg at Vladislav and 0.006 ± 0.002 mg / kg at Hrubšice), whereas the content of Ni in barbel was statistically significantly higher at Hrubšice (0.175 ± 0.042 mg / kg) compared to Vladislav (0.050 ± 0.017 mg / kg). The last significant difference was found in Pb concentrations, when fish from Hrubšice were more contaminated (concentrations 0.155 ± 0.048 mg / kg in barbel and 0.182 ± 0.110 mg / kg in chub) than the same species from Vladislav (contents 0.050 ± 0.017 mg / kg and 0.064 ± 0.005 mg / kg). In theme of consumption risk of the muscle tissue of fish by FAO/WHO, the Hg was limiting factor at both sites. In the locality Vladislav provisional tolerated weekly intake (PTWI) was 1.94 kg in barbel and 1.84 kg in chub. In the Hrubšice it reached 4.12 kg in barbel, 3.15 kg in chub and 5.51 kg in brown trout.

Effect of planting date and density on calendula and peppermint herbs

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Rahim Mohammadian ◽  
Behnam Tahmasebpour ◽  
Peyvand Samimifar
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Effect ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Total Maximum

A factorial experiment was conducted with a completely randomized design to evaluate the effects of planting date and density on calendula herbs and peppermint. It had 3 replicates and was done in Khosroshahr research farm, Tabriz in 2006. Under studied factors were: 3 planting dates (10 May, 25 May and 10 June) in 4 densities (25, 35, 45, 55) of the plant in square meters. The results of variance a nalysis showed that there was 1% probability significant difference between the effects of planting date and bush density on the leave number, bush height and the bush dry weight. But the mutual effect of the plant date in mentioned traits density was insignificant. Regarding the traits mean comparison, the total maximum dry weight was about the 55 bush density in mm. Also, the bush high density in mm causes the bush growth and its mass reduction. When there is the density grain, the flower number will increase due to bush grain in surface unit. Overall, we can conclude that 10 June planting and 45 bush density in mm is the most suitable items and results in favored production with high essence for these crops.

Evaluation of Nurse Crops for Weed Control and Plant Establishment in Prairie Restoration

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 485b-485
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Barry ◽  
Michael N. Dana
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Prairie Restoration ◽  
Plant Establishment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nurse Crops ◽  
Partridge Pea ◽  
Prairie Plant

Nurse crops are often recommended in prairie restoration planting. This work investigated several alternative nurse crops to determine their utility in prairie planting. Nurse crops were composed of increasing densities (900, 1800, or 2700 seeds/m2) of partridge pea, spring oats, spring barley, Canada wild rye, or equal mixtures of partridge pea and one of the grasses. The experimental design was a randomized complete-block set in two sites with three blocks per site and 48 treatments per block. Each 3 × 3-m plot contained 1 m2 planted in Dec. 1995 or Mar. 1996 with an equal mix of seven prairie species. The nurse crops were sown over each nine square meter area in April 1996. Plots lacking nurse crops served as controls. Evaluated data consisted of weed pressure rankings and weed and prairie plant dry weight. Nurse crop treatments had a significant effect on weed pressure in both sites. Barley (1800 and 2700 seeds/m2) as well as partridge pea + barley (2700 seeds/m2) were most effective at reducing weed pressure. When weed and prairie plant biomass values were compared, a significant difference was observed for site quality and planting season. Prairie plant establishment was significantly greater in the poorly drained, less-fertile site and spring-sown plots in both sites had significantly higher prairie biomass values. Overall, after two seasons, there was no advantage in using nurse crops over the control. Among nurse crop treatments, oats were most effective in reducing weed competition and enhancing prairie plant growth.

scholarly journals Cadmium, Lead, Copper, Zinc, and Iron Concentration Patterns in Three Marine Fish Species from Two Different Mining Sites inside the Gulf of California, Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 844
Author(s):  
Elisa Serviere-Zaragoza ◽  
Salvador E. Lluch-Cota ◽  
Alejandra Mazariegos-Villarreal ◽  
Eduardo F. Balart ◽  
Hugo Valencia-Valdez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Cadmium Lead

In the Gulf of California; mineral deposits have contributed to high metal contents in coastal environments. This study examined cadmium; lead; copper; zinc; and iron contents in three fish species; Kyphosus vaigiensis (herbivore), Stegastes rectifraenum (omnivore), and Balistes polylepis (carnivore) at two mining sites. Metal concentrations were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and stable nitrogen and carbon isotopes were estimated using mass spectrophotometry. Also, we assessed the risk to human health from the consumption of these three species based on permissible limits; although only two of them (Kyphosus and Balistes) are consumed as food. Metal concentrations differed among fish species; except for iron. The highest concentrations of metals were not always recorded in the species at the highest trophic level; i.e., Balistes. The highest concentrations (dry weight) recorded were cadmium (0.21 ± 0.03 µg g−1) and lead (1.67 ± 0.26 µg g−1), in S. rectifraenum; copper (1.60 ± 0.49 µg g−1) and zinc (67.30 ± 8.79 µg g−1), in B. polylepis; and iron (27.06 ± 2.58 µg g−1), in K. vaigiensis. Our findings show that each element accumulates differently in particular marine organisms; depending on the physiology of the species and the biogeochemistry of its habitat; which in turn is affected by the anthropogenic activities in adjacent areas. No risk of heavy metals toxicity is expected from the human consumption of the species and sites studied

scholarly journals Assessing Diazinon Pollution in the Three Major Rivers Flowing into the Caspian Sea (Iran)

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Reza Dahmardeh Behrooz ◽  
Abbas Esmaili-sari ◽  
Magdalena Urbaniak ◽  
Paromita Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Haraz River ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Medium Risk

The aim of this study was to investigate the seasonal and spatial variations in the concentrations of a widely used organophosphorous pesticide (OPP), diazinon, and the associated risk posed by this OPP in the surface water from the three largest rivers located in the northern province of Iran: the Haraz, the Talar and the Babolrood rivers. These rivers are located in the agriculture province of Mazandaran, and are exposed to high doses of organophosphorus pesticides, especially diazinon. The concentration of diazinon was determined using gas chromatography, while the potential risk posed by diazinon was elucidated using a Risk Quotient (RQ) calculated for general (RQm) and worst-case (RQex) scenarios. The obtained results demonstrated that the average diazinon concentrations ranged from 41 ± 76 ng/L in the Talar River and 57 ± 116 ng/L in the Haraz River, to 76.5 ± 145 ng/L in the Babolrood River, with a significant difference noted between summer and autumn seasons for all three rivers. For some stations, the concentration of diazinon is higher than the standard guidelines of Australian/New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality (FMWQ) and the United States Criteria Maximum Concentration (CMC). The calculated RQs indicated a medium risk of diazinon, RQm = 0.73 and RQex = 2.27, in the Talar River; RQm = 1.02 and RQex = 2.49 in the Haraz River; and RQm = 1.35 and RQex = 4.54 in the Babolrood River. The overall exposure of diazinon was defined to have a high risk (RQm and RQex > 1); however, the summer sampling revealed a high risk (RQm and RQex > 1), while the autumn had a medium risk (RQm and RQex < 1). The obtained results revealed not only elevated concentrations of diazinon in the studied rivers but most importantly the high risk posed by this OPP for the aquatic organisms and the wellbeing of the whole river ecosystem. The current study showed that development and implementation of appropriate standards and regulations toward diazinon in countries such as Iran are required to reduce the pollution levels and risks related to elevated concentrations of the studied pesticide.

scholarly journals An Overview on the Potential Hazards of Pyrethroid Insecticides in Fish, with Special Emphasis on Cypermethrin Toxicity

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1880
Author(s):  
Mayada R. Farag ◽  
Mahmoud Alagawany ◽  
Rana M. Bilal ◽  
Ahmed G. A. Gewida ◽  
Kuldeep Dhama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Aquatic Weeds ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽  
Great Public Health

Pesticides are chemicals used to control pests, such as aquatic weeds, insects, aquatic snails, and plant diseases. They are extensively used in forestry, agriculture, veterinary practices, and of great public health importance. Pesticides can be categorized according to their use into three major types (namely insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides). Water contamination by pesticides is known to induce harmful impacts on the production, reproduction, and survivability of living aquatic organisms, such as algae, aquatic plants, and fish (shellfish and finfish species). The literature and information present in this review article facilitate evaluating the toxic effects from exposure to various fish species to different concentrations of pesticides. Moreover, a brief overview of sources, classification, mechanisms of action, and toxicity signs of pyrethroid insecticides in several fish species will be illustrated with special emphasis on Cypermethrin toxicity.

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