scholarly journals Consumer Acceptance of a Ready-to-Eat Meal during Storage as Evaluated with a Home-Use Test

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1623
Author(s):  
Maria Laura Montero ◽  
Dolores Garrido ◽  
R. Karina Gallardo ◽  
Juming Tang ◽  
Carolyn F. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Sensory Attributes ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Online Auction ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Social ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Mean

A home-use test (HUT) is one method that provides a measure of ecological validity as the product is consumed in home under common daily use circumstances. One product that benefits from being evaluated in-home are ready-to-eat (RTE) meals. This study determined consumer acceptance of microwave-thermally-pasteurized jambalaya, a multi-meat and vegetable dish from American Cajun cuisine, and a control (cooked frozen jambalaya) through an on-line home-use test (HUT) over a 12-week storage period. Paralleling the HUT, an online auction determined consumers’ willingness to pay. The study also explored how the social environment may impact the liking of the meals when a partner of the participants joined the sensory evaluation of the meals. Consumers (n = 50) evaluated microwave-processed jambalaya stored at 2 °C and a control (cooked frozen jambalaya stored at −31 °C) after 2, 8 and 12 weeks of storage. Consumer liking of different sensory attributes was measured. Participants could choose to share the meals with a partner as a way to enhance ecological validity. The responses from 21 partners to the sensory-related questions were collected. After the sensory evaluation, the participants bid on the meal they had just sampled. Results showed that processing method (microwave vs. control) did not significantly influence the measured sensory attributes. Only flavor liking decreased over storage time (p < 0.05). The inclusion of partners significantly increased (p = 0.04) the liking of the appearance of the meals. The mean values of the bids for the meals ranged from $3.33–3.74, matching prices of commercially available jambalaya meals. This study found suggests that the shelf- life of microwave-processed meals could be extended up to 12 weeks without changing its overall liking. The study also shows the importance of exploring HUT methodology for the evaluation of consumers’ acceptance of microwave-processed jambalaya and how including a partner could contribute to enhance ecological validity.

scholarly journals Role of Sensory Evaluation in Consumer Acceptance of Plant-Based Meat Analogs and Meat Extenders: A Scoping Review

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Fiorentini ◽  
Amanda J. Kinchla ◽  
Alissa A. Nolden
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sensory Attributes ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Growing demand for sustainable food has led to the development of meat analogs to satisfy flexitarians and conscious meat-eaters. Successful combinations of functional ingredients and processing methods result in the generation of meat-like sensory attributes, which are necessary to attract non-vegetarian consumers. Sensory science is a broader research field used to measure and interpret responses to product properties, which is not limited to consumer liking. Acceptance is evaluated through hedonic tests to assess the overall liking and degree of liking for individual sensory attributes. Descriptive analysis provides both qualitative and quantitative results of the product’s sensory profile. Here, original research papers are reviewed that evaluate sensory attributes of meat analogs and meat extenders through hedonic testing and/or descriptive analysis to demonstrate how these analytical approaches are important for consumer acceptance. Sensory evaluation combined with instrumental measures, such as texture and color, can be advantageous and help to improve the final product. Future applications of these methods might include integration of sensory tests during product development to better direct product processing and formulation. By conducting sensory evaluation, companies and researchers will learn valuable information regarding product attributes and overall liking that help to provide more widely accepted and sustainable foods.

scholarly journals New Growth Curves for Spanish Children (0–10 Years) in the Region of Extremadura

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 8953
Author(s):  
Luis Pardo-Galán ◽  
Raquel Pastor-Cisneros ◽  
Daniel Collado-Mateo ◽  
José Adsuar ◽  
Miguel García-Gordillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Curves ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

The anthropometric reference data used to examine the growth pattern of children in Spain are obtained from studies carried out several years ago. In the region of Extremadura, the tables obtained by the Faustino Obergozo Foundation, which date back to 2004, are used. The first objective of this work is to develop growth tables and graphs that accurately reflect the somatometric variables of children in Extremadura. Secondly, the averages of these variables by sex will be compared to determine if there are significant differences between them. A database provided by the General Directorate of Planning, Training, and Health and Social Quality of the Regional Government of Extremadura was used, which contains the measurements of height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) of boys and girls in Extremadura between the years 2006–2016. The database was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 and the R software version 3.5.1, considering a cross-sectional study. As a result, the tables and growth graphs of Extremadura’s population base for weight and height are presented, from birth to 10 years, as well as comparisons of the average values of the analyzed variables between boys and girls. We found that there are significant differences in the mean values, according to sex, of the height and weight. On the other hand, BMI progressed normally when comparing the results of the Extremadura population with those reflected by the World Health Organization (WHO). Differences were found when comparing the results with those obtained by the Faustino Orbegozo Foundation.

Genotype-by-Environment Interaction in Sweet and Bitter Sensory Attributes of Peanut

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Pattee ◽  
T. G. Isleib ◽  
F. G. Giesbrecht
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Sensory Attributes ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Roasted Peanut ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Sensory Data ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Efficient Scheme ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Although there have been recent studies of the roasted peanut sensory attribute of roasted peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), there is little information on the factors influencing the sweet and bitter attributes. A study was conducted to test the significance of the effects of genotype, environment, and their interaction on the sweet and bitter attributes, to estimate genotypic means of these sensory attributes, and to determine an efficient scheme of resource allocation for multiple-site testing of breeding lines for sweet and bitter attributes. Samples of sound mature kernels from 17 genotypes grown at 42 different location-year combinations were stored under 5 C and 60% RH, roasted to nearly common color, ground into paste, and tasted by a trained sensory evaluation panel. Results for the roasted peanut attribute were similar to those found in previous studies. Significant variation among years was observed for bitter but not for sweet. There were no consistent differences among the three main peanut production regions for either attribute, but there was significant year-by-region interaction for sweet. Variation among locations within years and regions was significant for both attributes as was variation among genotypes. The mean flavor profile for the runner market class was significantly better than the mean for the virginia class in sweet, bitter and roasted peanut, but the distributions of the two classes did overlap. Significant correlations of genotypic means for the three attributes indicated that chemical assays for currently unidentified sweet or bitter principles could be used for indirect selection to improve roasted peanut attribute without the need for expensive and time-consuming sensory evaluation. Significant genotype-by-year interaction for bitter makes it necessary to acquire sensory data from 2 yr with three replications at each of four locations or two replications at each of five locations to differentiate statistically between means differing by half a flavor intensity unit. The precision of comparisons for sweet and roasted peanut will be more precise than that for bitter at a given arrangement of testing resources.

scholarly journals Fermentation and Effect on the Microbial Loads of Atlantic Cod, Gadus morhua

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-465
Author(s):  
J.A. Daramola ◽  
T.O. Oladosu ◽  
K.S. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Microbial Counts ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fermentation Period ◽  
Saline Medium

The study was carried out to evaluate the effect of fermentation on the microbial loads of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Eviscerated samples of Atlantic cod were fermented in three media: sterile distilled water, 14% saline medium and 14% salt with potash for 24 hours. The fermented Atlantic cod samples were oven-dried at 600C for one hour and thereafter, 1000C for three hours, cooled and stored in plastic baskets at ambient  temperature for four weeks. Analyses of the dried fermented Atlantic cod was carried out weekly for Salmonella shigella, total bacterial,  Staphylococcal, total fungal and total coliform counts. Results from the mean values indicated variations in the effects of the additives and  processing treatments over the 24 hours fermentation period which were significant (p < 0.05). The dressed fish sample fermented with both salt and potash (DRSFP), recorded the least mean microbial counts during the 4-week storage period, followed by the sample which was fermented with salt (DRSF) while the highest occurrence of microorganisms was recorded in the sample which was fermented with sterile distilled water (DRF). Hence, fermentation of fish with salt and potash is recommended. Meanwhile, in relation to the standard recommended microbial limits, the loads of microbes on the fermented Atlantic cod samples from the three treatments still fall within the safe and acceptable level. Keywords: Gadus morhua, Fermentation, Salt, Potash, Microbial load

An Evaluation of Active Anterior and Posterior Rhinomanometry in British Adults

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ercan I. Canbay ◽  
Suren N. Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Nasal Airway ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Nasal Decongestant ◽  
Nasal Airway Resistance ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Reference Pressure ◽  
Active Anterior Rhinomanometry

In this study, active Anterior Rhinomanometry (ARM) and Posterior Rhinomanometry (PRM) were performed sequentially by 56 normal British Caucasian adults using an on-line Mercury Electronics NR6D Rhinomanometer. Xylometazoline nasal spray was used as a nasal decongestant before the test. In addition, repeated measurements were made on a randomly selected 13 subjects to evaluate the error of the methods. The mean total nasal airway resistance by the anterior method was found to be 0.182 Pa/cm3/s at a reference pressure of 150 Pascals, and by the posterior method 0.166 Pa/cm3/s at a reference pressure of 75 Pascals. These mean values are similar to those reported by other authors for Caucasians. The errors of the methods were found to be smaller than previously reported (Coefficient of variation, ARM = 6.9%; PRM = 7.7%). The total nasal airway resistance was higher during expiration than inspiration, and higher in women than in men. The ARM values were on an average 9% higher than those of the PRM, and the association between the two values was found to be moderate (r = 0.48). The higher ARM mean values could be attributed to inappropriateness of the conventional Ohm's law used in their calculation. For a number of reasons, PRM is considered to be more suitable than ARM for measuring nasal resistance.

scholarly journals SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM AMONG END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
ROZAN ATTILI ◽  
HATEM A HEJAZ ◽  
ASMAA ALKOMI ◽  
RAZAN JUBEH ◽  
SAFAA ERJOUB ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Objectives: The study aims to determine the incidence of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) in chronic kidney disease patients, the correlation between creatinine, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and phosphate, and calcium in renal disease. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed, a total of 100 hemodialysis patients’ reports were analyzed from January 2019 to December 2019, at Hebron Governmental Hospital, in Hebron, Palestine. The patients’ data were collected, including creatinine level, calcium, and phosphorus in addition to PTH concentrations. Twenty-five healthy persons with normal kidney function were also included in the study as a control for comparison. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22 was used to analyze the data. T-test and Pearson’s tests were used to study the results. R (Pearson’s test) was used to determine the correlation between creatinine, PTH, phosphate, and calcium. Results: The mean values of serum of creatinine, phosphate, calcium, and PTH were determined for both patients and the control. Levels of PTH were significantly higher in kidney failure patients and positively correlated with creatinine and phosphate. However, levels of PTH were significantly negatively correlated with calcium. All patients included in the study have very high levels of PTH PTH. This increase might be due to many factors that contributed to the hypersecretion of PTH. The correlations between these predisposing factors of SHPT are explained. Conclusion: The study showed that SHPT is common among patients with end-stage renal disease. The most complications of SHPT are mineral and bone metabolism disorders and cardiovascular diseases. Thus, early detection and treatment of SHPT may control these complications.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Stability of Mozobil® (Plerixafor) Solution for Injection in Glass Vials and Plastic Syringes over a Three-Month Storage Period

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Hee Kim ◽  
Judith Thiesen ◽  
Irene Krämer
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Injection Solution ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Profound Knowledge ◽  
Physicochemical Stability ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Stability

Abstract: The stability of ready-to-administer parenteral preparations is an important issue of drug safety. Profound knowledge about the physicochemical stability is necessary in order to determine the “beyond-use-dates” of solutions in injection vials after first opening and ready-to-administer preparations in syringes.: The aim of this study was to determine the physicochemical stability of plerixafor solution marketed as Mozobil: The stability of Mozobil: No plerixafor degradation products were detected in the HPLC chromatograms over the period of 84 days, independent of the storage temperature. In vials and syringes plerixafor concentrations declined less than 5 % over the entire test period of 84 days. The pH values remained unchanged; the mean values varied between 6.79 and 6.60 for Mozobil: Plerixafor injection solution (Mozobil

Articulatory Behavior Pre and Post Full-Mouth Tooth Extraction and Alveoloplasty

1980 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 630-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Zimmermann ◽  
J.A. Scott Kelso ◽  
Larry Lander
Keyword(s):  
Control Subject ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Articulatory Movements ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Subjects ◽  
Normal Speech

High speed cinefluorography was used to track articulatory movements preceding and following full-mouth tooth extraction and alveoloplasty in two subjects. Films also were made of a control subject on two separate days. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of dramatically altering the structural dimensions of the oral cavity on the kinematic parameters of speech. The results showed that the experimental subjects performed differently pre and postoperatively though the changes were in different directions for the two subjects. Differences in both means and variabilities of kinematic parameters were larger between days for the experimental (operated) subjects than for the control subject. The results for the Control subject also showed significant differences in the mean values of kinematic variables between days though these day-to-day differences could not account for the effects found pre- and postoperatively. The results of the kinematic analysis, particularly the finding that transition time was most stable over the experimental conditions for the operated subjects, are used to speculate about the coordination of normal speech.

Comparative Study of Intranasal, Subcutaneous and Intravenous Administration of Desamino-D-Arginine Vasopressin (DDAVP)

1986 ◽  
Vol 55 (01) ◽  
pp. 108-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Köhler ◽  
P Hellstern ◽  
C Miyashita ◽  
G von Blohn ◽  
E Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Factor Xii ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Factor Antigen

SummaryThis study was performed to evaluate the influence of different routes of administration on the efficacy of DDAVP treatment. Ten healthy volunteers received DDAVP intranasally (i.n.), subcutaneously (s.c.) and intravenously (i.v.) in a randomized cross-over trial. Factor XII and high molecular weight (HMW)-kininogen levels increased only slightly after DDAVP administration. The mean increase of factor VIII: C was 3.1 (i. v.), 2.3 (s. c.), and 1.3 (i.n.) - fold over baseline. Ristocetin cofactor (von Willebrand factor antigen) increased 3.1 (2.5), 2.0 (2.3) and 1.2 (1.2) - fold over baseline mean values after i.v., s.c. and i.n. DDAVP, respectively. The half-disappearance time of factor VIII and von Willebrand factor (vWF) after DDAVP ranged from five (factor VIII: C) to eight hours (vWF). The mean increase of fibrinolytic activity was more pronounced after i.v. DDAVP. The antidiuretic effect was moderate with no apparent differences between the routes of application. This study provides further evidence that both i.v. and s.c. DDAVP administration result in an appropriate and reliable stimulation of haemostasis. An additional advantage of s. c. administration is its suitability for home treatment.

Comparative Study of effectiveness of mobilization with movement (MWM) and End range mobilization (ERM) techniques in frozen shoulder

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-522
Author(s):  
Jeyakumar S ◽  
Jagatheesan Alagesan ◽  
T.S. Muthukumar
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Frozen Shoulder ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Background: Frozen shoulder is disorder of the connective tissue that limits the normal Range of motion of the shoulder in diabetes, frozen shoulder is thought to be caused by changes to the collagen in the shoulder joint as a result of long term Hypoglycemia. Mobilization is a therapeutic movement of the joint. The goal is to restore normal joint motion and rhythm. The use of mobilization with movement for peripheral joints was developed by mulligan. This technique combines a sustained application of manual technique “gliding” force to the joint with concurrent physiologic motion of joint, either actively or passively. This study aims to find out the effects of mobilization with movement and end range mobilization in frozen shoulder in Type I diabetics. Materials and Methods: 30 subjects both male and female, suffering with shoulder pain and clinically diagnosed with frozen shoulder was recruited for the study and divided into two groups with 15 patients each based on convenient sampling method. Group A patients received mobilization with movement and Group B patients received end range mobilization for three weeks. The outcome measurements were SPADI, Functional hand to back scale, abduction range of motion using goniometer and VAS. Results: The mean values of all parameters showed significant differences in group A as compared to group B in terms of decreased pain, increased abduction range and other outcome measures. Conclusion: Based on the results it has been concluded that treating the type 1 diabetic patient with frozen shoulder, mobilization with movement exercise shows better results than end range mobilization in reducing pain and increase functional activities and mobility in frozen shoulder.

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