Durability Assessment of a Plasma-Polymerized Coating with Anti-Biofilm Activity against L. monocytogenes Subjected to Repeated Sanitization

Biofilm formation on food-contact surfaces is a matter of major concern causing food safety and spoilage issues to this sector. The aim of this study was to assess the durability of the anti-biofilm capacity of a plasma-polymerized coating composed of a base coating of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and a functional coating of acrylic acid (AcAc). Coated and uncoated AISI 316 stainless steel (SS) plates were subjected to five sanitization cycles with sodium hypochlorite (0.05%) and peracetic acid (0.5%). The effectiveness of the coating for the inhibition of multi-strain Listeria monocytogenes biofilm formation was confirmed using a three-strain cocktail, which was grown on the SS plates at 12 °C for 6 days. Compared to the uncoated SS, relative biofilm productions of 14.6% on the non-sanitized coating, 27.9% on the coating after sanitization with sodium hypochlorite, and 82.3% on the coating after sanitization with peracetic acid were obtained. Morphological and physicochemical characterization of the coatings suggested that the greater anti-biofilm effectiveness after sanitization with sodium hypochlorite was due to the high pH of this solution, which caused a deprotonation of the carboxylic acid groups of the functional coating. This fact conferred it a strong hydrophilicity and negatively charged its surface, which was favorable for preventing bacterial attachment and biofilm formation.

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Biofilm Formation and Biocides Sensitivity of Pseudomonas marginalis Isolated from a Maple Sap Collection System

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-69.10.2411 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 69 (10) ◽

pp. 2411-2416 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

L. LAGACÉ ◽

M. JACQUES ◽

A. A. MAFU ◽

D. ROY

Keyword(s):

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Peracetic Acid ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Planktonic Cells ◽

Collection System ◽

Biofilm Growth ◽

Biofilm Production ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Maple Sap ◽

Scanning Electron

The susceptibility of planktonic and biofilm cells of Pseudomonas marginalis toward four commonly used biocides at different temperatures (15 and 30°C) and biofilm growth times (24 and 48 h) was assessed. Using the MBEC biofilm device, biofilm production in maple sap was shown to be highly reproducible for each set of conditions tested. Biofilm formation was influenced by growth temperature and time. A temperature of 15°C and incubation time of 24 h yielded fewer CFU per peg and showed fewer adhered cells and typical biofilm structures, based on scanning electron microscopy observations as compared with other conditions. Minimal biofilm eradication concentration values for P. marginalis were significantly greater (P < 0.001) than were MBCs for planktonic cells and for every biocide tested, with the exception of minimal biofilm eradication concentration values for peracetic acid at 15°C and 24 h. Sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid sanitizers were able to eliminate P. marginalis biofilms at lower concentrations as compared with hydrogen peroxide– and quaternary ammonium– based sanitizers (P < 0.001). According to the results obtained, sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid sanitizers would be more appropriate for maple sap collection system sanitation.

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The Antimicrobial Effect of Radiant Catalytic Ionization on the Bacterial Attachment and Biofilm Formation by Selected Foodborne Pathogens under Refrigeration Conditions

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10041364 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 1364

Author(s):

Krzysztof Skowron ◽

Karolina Jadwiga Skowron ◽

Justyna Bauza-Kaszewska ◽

Ewa Wałecka-Zacharska ◽

Joanna Kwiecińska-Piróg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Foodborne Pathogens ◽

Glass Surface ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Food Industry ◽

Salmonella Enteritidis ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Bacterial Attachment ◽

Efficiency Coefficient ◽

Food Contact Surfaces ◽

Reduction Efficiency

The decontamination of food contact surfaces is a major problem for the food industry. The radiant catalytic ionization (RCI) method, based on the ionization process, may be an alternative for conventional decontamination procedures. The advantage of this technique is the possibility of its application to household refrigerating appliances and industrial cold rooms. This study aimed to assess the effect of RCI on the reduction of Campylobacter jejuni, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella Enteritidis from the biofilms formed on a glass surface under refrigeration conditions. Bacterial biofilms were exposed to RCI for 24 h and after 12 (variant I) and 72 h (variant II) of the glass surface contamination. In the last variant (III), the contaminated meat was placed on the glass surface in the refrigerator and subjected to RCI treatment for 72 h. The significantly highest values of absolute reduction efficiency coefficient E were found for the bacterial attachment stage of biofilm formation (variant I). The research proves the efficiency of the RCI method in the reduction of bacteria number from a glass surface.

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Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Liquid Disinfectants on Contaminated Surfaces before Formation of Biofilms

Journal of AOAC International ◽

10.1093/jaoac/83.6.1415 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 83 (6) ◽

pp. 1415-1422 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Jose-Luis Sagripanti ◽

Aylin Bonifacino

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Peracetic Acid ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Step Method ◽

Quantitative Test ◽

Viable Bacteria ◽

One Step ◽

Respective Product

Abstract A comparison was made of the effectiveness of popular disinfectants (Cavicide, Cidexplus, Clorox, Exspor, Lysol, Renalin, and Wavicide) under conditions prescribed for disinfection in the respective product labels on Pseudomonas aeruginosa either in suspension or deposited onto surfaces of metallic or polymeric plastic devices. The testing also included 7 nonformulated germicidal agents (glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde, peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, phenol, and cupric ascorbate) commonly used in disinfection and decontamination. Results showed that P. aeruginosa is on average 300-fold more resistant when present on contaminated surfaces than in suspension. This increase in resistance agrees with results reported in studies of biofilms, but unexpectedly, it precedes biofilm formation. The surface to which bacteria are attached can influence the effectiveness of disinfectants. Viable bacteria attached to devices may require dislodging through more than a one-step method for detection. The data, obtained with a sensitive and quantitative test, suggest that disinfectants are less effective on contaminated surfaces than generally acknowledged.

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Biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp. under mono and dual-species conditions and their sensitivity to cetrimonium bromide, peracetic acid and sodium hypochlorite

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1016/j.bjm.2017.08.002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 310-319 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Maricarmen Iñiguez-Moreno ◽

Melesio Gutiérrez-Lomelí ◽

Pedro Javier Guerrero-Medina ◽

María Guadalupe Avila-Novoa

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Peracetic Acid ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Salmonella Spp ◽

Cetrimonium Bromide

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Adhesion and biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus from food processing plants as affected by growth medium, surface type and incubation temperature

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1590/s1984-82502012000400018 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 737-745

Author(s):

Heloísa Maria Ângelo Jerônimo ◽

Rita de Cássia Ramos do Egypto Queiroga ◽

Ana Caroliny Vieira da Costa ◽

Isabella de Medeiros Barbosa ◽

Maria Lúcia da Conceição ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Stainless Steel ◽

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Peracetic Acid ◽

Food Processing ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Incubation Temperature ◽

Growth Media ◽

Processing Plants ◽

Steel Surfaces

This study assessed the effect of different growth media [BHI broth, BHI broth plus glucose (10 g/100 mL) and BHI broth plus NaCl (5 g/100 mL)] and incubation temperatures (28 or 37 ºC) on the adherence, detachment and biofilm formation on polypropylene and stainless steel surfaces (2 x 2 cm coupons) for a prolonged period (24-72 h) by some strains of Staphylococcus aureus (S3, S28 and S54) from food processing plants. The efficacy of the sanitizers sodium hypochlorite (250 mg/mL) and peracetic acid (30 mg/mL) in reducing the number of viable bacterial cells in a preformed biofilm was also evaluated. S. aureus strains adhered in highest numbers in BHI broth, regardless of the type of surface or incubation temperature. Cell detachment from surfaces revealed high persistence over the incubation period. The number of cells needed for biofilm formation was noted in all experimental systems after 3 days. Peracetic acid and sodium hypochlorite were not efficient in completely removing the cells of S. aureus adhered onto polypropylene and stainless steel surfaces. From these results, the assayed strains revealed high capacities to adhere and form biofilms on polypropylene and stainless steel surfaces under the different growth conditions, and the cells in biofilm matrixes were resistant to total removal when exposed to the sanitizers sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid.

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Biofilm Formation in Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni: Structure and Development

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11030546 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 546

Author(s):

Pilar Sabuquillo ◽

Jaime Cubero

Keyword(s):

Biofilm Formation ◽

Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Infection Process ◽

Bacterial Attachment ◽

Key Factors ◽

Cell Structures ◽

Microscopy Techniques

Xanthomonasarboricola pv. pruni (Xap) causes bacterial spot of stone fruit and almond, an important plant disease with a high economic impact. Biofilm formation is one of the mechanisms that microbial communities use to adapt to environmental changes and to survive and colonize plants. Herein, biofilm formation by Xap was analyzed on abiotic and biotic surfaces using different microscopy techniques which allowed characterization of the different biofilm stages compared to the planktonic condition. All Xap strains assayed were able to form real biofilms creating organized structures comprised by viable cells. Xap in biofilms differentiated from free-living bacteria forming complex matrix-encased multicellular structures which become surrounded by a network of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Moreover, nutrient content of the environment and bacterial growth have been shown as key factors for biofilm formation and its development. Besides, this is the first work where different cell structures involved in bacterial attachment and aggregation have been identified during Xap biofilm progression. Our findings provide insights regarding different aspects of the biofilm formation of Xap which improve our understanding of the bacterial infection process occurred in Prunus spp and that may help in future disease control approaches.

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