scholarly journals A Novel Approach to Develop Lager Yeast with Higher NADH Availability to Improve the Flavor Stability of Industrial Beer

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 3057
Author(s):  
Xin Xu ◽  
Chengtuo Niu ◽  
Chunfeng Liu ◽  
Jinjing Wang ◽  
Feiyun Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flavor Stability ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Lager Yeast ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Beer Industry ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Artp Mutagenesis ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Acetaldehyde Production

Flavor stability is important for beer quality and extensive efforts have been undertaken to improve this. In our previous work, we proved a concept whereby metabolic engineering lager yeast with increased cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydride (NADH) availability could enhance the flavor stability of beer. However, the method for breeding non-genetically modified strains with higher NADH levels remains unsolved. In the current study, we reported a novel approach to develop such strains based on atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) mutagenesis coupled with 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) selection. As a result, we obtained a serial of strains with higher NADH levels as well as improved flavor stability. For screening an optimal strain with industrial application potential, we examined the other fermentation characteristics of the mutants and ultimately obtained the optimal strain, YDR-63. The overall fermentation performance of the strain YDR-63 in pilot-scale fermentation was similar to that of the parental strain YJ-002, but the acetaldehyde production was decreased by 53.7% and the resistance staling value of beer was improved by 99.8%. The forced beer aging assay further demonstrated that the favor stability was indeed improved as the contents of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in YDR-63 was less than that in YJ-002 and the sensory notes of staling was weaker in YDR-63. We also employed this novel approach to another industrial strain, M14, and succeeded in improving its flavor stability. All the findings demonstrated the efficiency and versatility of this new approach in developing strains with improved flavor stability for the beer industry.

scholarly journals The discovery of biological subphenotypes in ARDS: a novel approach to targeted medicine?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Wildi ◽  
Samantha Livingstone ◽  
Chiara Palmieri ◽  
Gianluigi LiBassi ◽  
Jacky Suen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Shock State ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Targeted Medicine ◽  
Core Features

AbstractThe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe lung disorder with a high morbidity and mortality which affects all age groups. Despite active research with intense, ongoing attempts in developing pharmacological agents to treat ARDS, its mortality rate remains unaltered high and treatment is still only supportive. Over the years, there have been many attempts to identify meaningful subgroups likely to react differently to treatment among the heterogenous ARDS population, most of them unsuccessful. Only recently, analysis of large ARDS cohorts from randomized controlled trials have identified the presence of distinct biological subphenotypes among ARDS patients: a hypoinflammatory (or uninflamed; named P1) and a hyperinflammatory (or reactive; named P2) subphenotype have been proposed and corroborated with existing retrospective data. The hyperinflammatory subphenotyope was clearly associated with shock state, metabolic acidosis, and worse clinical outcomes. Core features of the respective subphenotypes were identified consistently in all assessed cohorts, independently of the studied population, the geographical location, the study design, or the analysis method. Additionally and clinically even more relevant treatment efficacies, as assessed retrospectively, appeared to be highly dependent on the respective subphenotype. This discovery launches a promising new approach to targeted medicine in ARDS. Even though it is now widely accepted that each ARDS subphenotype has distinct functional, biological, and mechanistic differences, there are crucial gaps in our knowledge, hindering the translation to bedside application. First of all, the underlying driving biological factors are still largely unknown, and secondly, there is currently no option for fast and easy identification of ARDS subphenotypes. This narrative review aims to summarize the evidence in biological subphenotyping in ARDS and tries to point out the current issues that will need addressing before translation of biological subohenotypes into clinical practice will be possible.

scholarly journals Unimodular vs nilpotent superfield approach to pure dS supergravity

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukruti Bansal ◽  
Silvia Nagy ◽  
Antonio Padilla ◽  
Ivonne Zavala
Keyword(s):  
String Theory ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
High Energy ◽  
De Sitter Spacetime ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Sitter Spacetime ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
De Sitter Vacua

Abstract Recent progress in understanding de Sitter spacetime in supergravity and string theory has led to the development of a four dimensional supergravity with spontaneously broken supersymmetry allowing for de Sitter vacua, also called de Sitter supergravity. One approach makes use of constrained (nilpotent) superfields, while an alternative one couples supergravity to a locally supersymmetric generalization of the Volkov-Akulov goldstino action. These two approaches have been shown to give rise to the same 4D action. A novel approach to de Sitter vacua in supergravity involves the generalisation of unimodular gravity to supergravity using a super-Stückelberg mechanism. In this paper, we make a connection between this new approach and the previous two which are in the context of nilpotent superfields and the goldstino brane. We show that upon appropriate field redefinitions, the 4D actions match up to the cubic order in the fields. This points at the possible existence of a more general framework to obtain de Sitter spacetimes from high-energy theories.

scholarly journals Compiling Life-Oriented Moral Education Textbooks for Elementary Schools in China: The Mimetic Approach in Morality and Law

2021 ◽  
pp. 209653112098296
Author(s):  
Yan Tang
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Novel Approach

Purpose: This study explores a novel approach to compiling life-oriented moral textbooks for elementary schools in China, specifically focusing on Morality and Law. Design/Approach/Methods: Adopting Aristotle’s Poetics as its theoretical perspective, this study illustrates and analyzes the mimetic approach used in compiling the life-oriented moral education textbook, Morality and Law. Findings: The mimetic approach involves imitating children's real activities, thoughts, and feelings in textbooks. The mimetic approach to compiling life-oriented moral textbooks comprises three strategies: constructing children's life events as building blocks for textbook compilation, designing an intricate textual device exposing the wholeness of children's life actions, and designing inward learning activities leading to children's inner worlds. Originality/Value: From the perspective of Aristotle's Poetics, the approach to compilation in Morality and Law can be defined as mimetic. And the compilation activity in the life-oriented moral education textbook also can be described as a processes of mimesis. So this article presents a new approach to compile moral education textbooks, and  an innovative way to understand the nature of one compiling activity.

A Novel Approach for Metal Surface Modification

2007 ◽  
Vol 280-283 ◽  
pp. 1805-1806
Author(s):  
Zhi Jun Cao ◽  
Jia Chen Liu ◽  
Li Bin Liu ◽  
Hao Ye ◽  
Yan Qiu Wei
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Charge State ◽  
Metal Surface ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Metallic Surface ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Complex Shapes ◽  
Enhanced Surface

A new approach was developed for surface modification of metallic surface. By treating nano-zirconia particles and metal surface in different charge state, nano-zirconia particles can be dispersedly inlaid in metal surface owing to electrostatic and nanometer effects. By using this method, metal components of complex shapes, especially those having inside surfaces, might be easily improved, i.e., enhanced surface hardness and wear rate.

A Novel Approach to Nanoscale Materials Synthesis Using Industrial Laser Processing of Organosilazane Liquid Precursors

1990 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongsan D. Xiao ◽  
Peter R. Strutt ◽  
Kenneth E. Gonsalves
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Powder ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Powder Materials ◽  
Materials Synthesis ◽  
Laser Plume ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Liquid Precursors ◽  
Short Time

ABSTRACTA new approach has been developed for the synthesis of nanoscale ceramic powder materials from liquid organosilazane precursors. This technique, by exploiting fast kinetic chemical and physical reactions, makes it possible to synthesize significant quantities of material in a relatively short time. In the current approach aerosols of a silazane monomer, (CH3SiHNH)n, (n = 3 or 4), of mol. wt. 280–320, are injected into the beam of a cw industrial CO2 laser to obtain nanoscale ceramic powders. Injection of the aerosol into the laser-beam results in a high-temperature plume. Rapid condensation of the molecular precursor species emerging from the laser plume results in the formation of preceramic polymer particles, with an average diameter of 62 nm. One attractive feature of this process is that 70 wt.% of the liquid precursor is converted into nanoscale powders. Another feature is that only a further 10 wt.% loss occurs during post thermal treatment to form the end-product.

scholarly journals Multi-model inference of network properties from incomplete data

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. H. Stumpf ◽  
Thomas Thorne
Keyword(s):  
Network Models ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Global Networks ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Model Inference ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Eukaryotic Species ◽  
Network Properties ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
Saccaromyces Cerevisiae

Summary It has previously been shown that subnets differ from global networks from which they are sampled for all but a very limited number of theoretical network models. These differences are of qualitative as well as quantitative nature, and the properties of subnets may be very different from the corresponding properties in the true, unobserved network. Here we propose a novel approach which allows us to infer aspects of the true network from incomplete network data in a multi-model inference framework. We develop the basic theoretical framework, including procedures for assessing confidence intervals of our estimates and evaluate the performance of this approach in simulation studies and against subnets drawn from the presently available PIN network data in Saccaromyces cerevisiae. We then illustrate the potential power of this new approach by estimating the number of interactions that will be detectable with present experimental approaches in sfour eukaryotic species, inlcuding humans. Encouragingly, where independent datasets are available we obtain consistent estimates from different partial protein interaction networks. We conclude with a discussion of the scope of this approaches and areas for further research

scholarly journals The use of atmospheric and room temperature plasma mutagenesis to create a brewing yeast with reduced acetaldehyde production

2018 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunfeng Liu ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Chengtuo Niu ◽  
Yaping Tian ◽  
Yijin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Brewing Yeast ◽  
Acetaldehyde Production

scholarly journals Treatment of Intrabony Defects with a Combination of Hyaluronic Acid and Deproteinized Porcine Bone Mineral

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 6795
Author(s):  
Darko Božić ◽  
Ivan Ćatović ◽  
Ana Badovinac ◽  
Larisa Musić ◽  
Matej Par ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Gingival Recession ◽  
Intrabony Defects ◽  
Clinical Attachment Level ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Attachment Level

Background: this study evaluates the clinical outcomes of a novel approach in treating deep intrabony defects utilizing papilla preservation techniques with a combination of hyaluronic acid (HA) and deproteinized porcine bone mineral. Methods: 23 patients with 27 intrabony defects were treated with a combination of HA and deproteinized porcine bone mineral. Clinical attachment level (CAL), pocket probing depth (PPD), gingival recession (REC) were recorded at baseline and 6 months after the surgery. Results: At 6 months, there was a significant CAL gain of 3.65 ± 1.67 mm (p < 0.001) with a PPD reduction of 4.54 ± 1.65 mm (p < 0.001), which was associated with an increase in gingival recession (0.89 ± 0.59 mm, p < 0.001). The percentage of pocket resolution based on a PPD ≤4 mm was 92.6% and the failure rate based on a PPD of 5 mm was 7.4%. Conclusions: the present findings indicate that applying a combined HA and xenograft approach in deep intrabony defects provides clinically relevant CAL gains and PPD reductions compared to baseline values and is a valid new approach in treating intrabony defects.

A new approach to characterization of the transition temperatures of thin film NiTi shape memory alloys

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1762-1767
Author(s):  
Nicholas W. Botterill ◽  
David M. Grant ◽  
Jianxin Zhang ◽  
Clive J. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Transition Temperatures ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Niti Shape Memory Alloys

A novel approach in determining the transition temperatures of NiTi shape memory alloys was investigated and compared with conventional techniques. The technique is based on microthemal analysis using a scanning thermal microscope (SThM). In particular, this method has the potential to allow the transformation temperatures of thin films to be investigated in situ. Thin film shape memory alloys have potential applications, such as microactuators, where conventional analysis techniques are either not directly applicable to such samples or are difficult to perform.

SIDE FAULT MAPPING ENABLED BY 2D TRANSVERSE INVERSION ON NEW DEEP DIRECTIONAL RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Thiel ◽  
◽  
Haifeng Wang ◽  
Dzevat Omeragic ◽  
Jean-Michel Denichou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Plane ◽  
Inversion Algorithm ◽  
Drilling Tool ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Resistivity Measurements ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
New Class ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Well Trajectory ◽  
Thickness Variations

Faulting is one type of structural trap for hydrocarbon reservoirs. With more and more fields moving toward the brownfield or mature operations stage of life, the opportunity to target bypassed or attic oil in the vicinity of bounding fault(s) is becoming more and more attractive to operators. However, without an effective logging-while-drilling (LWD) tool to locate and map a fault parallel to the well trajectory, it has been challenging and potentially high risk to optimally place a well to drain oil reserves near the fault. Operators often plan these horizontal wells at a significant distance away from the mapped fault position to avoid impacts to the well construction and production of the well. Often, the interpreted fault position, based on seismic data, can have significant lateral uncertainty, and uncertainties attached to standard well survey measurements make it challenging to place the well near the fault. This often results in the wells being placed much farther from the fault than expected, which is not optimal for maximizing recovery. In other cases, due to uncertainty in the location of the fault, the wells would accidentally penetrate the side faults and cause drilling and other issues. Conventional remote boundary detection LWD tools do not assist with locating the fault position, as they only detect formation boundaries above or below the trajectory and not to the side. In this paper, the authors propose a novel approach for mapping features like a fault parallel to the well trajectory, which was previously impossible to map accurately. This new approach utilizes a new class of deep directional resistivity measurements acquired by a reservoir mapping-while-drilling tool. The deep directional resistivity measurements are input to a newly devised inversion algorithm, resulting in high-resolution reservoir mapping on the transverse plane, which is perpendicular to the well path. These new measurements have a strong sensitivity to resistivity in contrast to the sides of the wellbore, making them suitable for side fault detection. The new inversion in the transverse plane is not limited to detecting a side fault; it can also map any feature on the transverse plane to the well path, which further broadens the application of this technology. Using the deep directional resistivity data acquired from a horizontal ultra-ERD well recently drilled in the Wandoo Field offshore Western Australia, the authors tested this approach against the well results and existing control wells. Excellent mapping of the main side fault up to 30 m to the side of the well was achieved with the new approach. Furthermore, the inversion reveals other interesting features like lateral formation thickness variations and the casing of a nearby well. In addition, the methodology of utilizing this new approach for guiding geosteering parallel to side fault in real time is elaborated, and the future applications are discussed.

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