scholarly journals Development and Validation of a Recipe Method for Doughs

Foods ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Adriana Lezama-Solano ◽  
Edgar Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Food Product ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Potential User ◽  
Think Aloud ◽  
Preparation Process ◽  
Online Surveys ◽  
Total N ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Development And Validation

Recipes have a great impact on consumers’ behavior in the kitchen; building a recipe requires the understanding of the potential user. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate different recipe styles for the preparation of doughs by understanding people’s descriptions of these. Two qualitative studies were performed (43 wheat and 50 corn dough preparers). During interviews, participants described the preparation process of the doughs using the Think Aloud technique. Finished doughs were described as not sticky, soft, and pliable. Based on these descriptions, five recipes were created: not detailed, detailed, very detailed, paragraph-form, and ‘with images’. Recipes were validated in two online surveys (total n = 600), where respondents evaluated the easiness, likeability, likelihood of using, helpfulness, and amount of information. Respondents considered the recipe with images as easier and more helpful. The very detailed recipe was considered more difficult, less helpful, and was liked less than the other recipes. Understanding and identifying the terms and techniques people use is a good way to communicate how to prepare a food product and can be used to develop and improve recipes. However, the format in which the recipe is presented is an important factor considered by users when following recipes.

scholarly journals More Than Two Decades of Research on Selective Traditions in Environmental and Sustainability Education—Seven Functions of the Concept

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6524
Author(s):  
Per J. Sund ◽  
Niklas Gericke
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Teacher Education ◽  
Sustainability Education ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Selective Tradition ◽  
Qualitative Systematic Review ◽  
Selective Traditions

This study investigates functions of the concept of selective traditions by means of a qualitative systematic review synthesis of earlier research. The study is based on a review method for integrating qualitative studies and looks for “themes” in or across them. In this case, it is about how the identified publications (twenty-four in total) use the concept of selective traditions. All but two studies stem from the Swedish context. The selective traditions relate to teachers’ approaches to the content, methods and purposes of environmental and sustainability education (ESE). Teachers mainly work within one specific selective tradition. Seven different functions were found in the publications of which five are claimed to be valuable for the development of ESE teaching, while the other two functions are useful in monitoring changes and development in ESE teaching. The results are discussed in terms of the consequences for research, practice and teacher education aiming at offering suggestions on how to develop future (transformative) ESE teaching.

scholarly journals Measuring the “Why” of Interaction: Development and Validation of the User Motivation Inventory (UMI)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Brühlmann ◽  
Beat Vollenwyder ◽  
Klaus Opwis ◽  
Elisa D Mekler
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Need Satisfaction ◽  
Interactive System ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Total N ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
User Motivation

Motivation is a fundamental concept in understanding people’s experiences and behavior. Yet, motivation to engage with an interactive system has received only limited attention in HCI. We report the development and validation of the User Motivation Inventory (UMI). The UMI is an 18-item multidimensional measure of motivation, rooted in self-determination theory (SDT). It is designed to measure intrinsic motivation, integrated, identified, introjected, and external regulation, as well as amotivation. Results of two studies (total N = 941) confirm the six-factor structure of the UMI with high reliability, as well as convergent and discriminant validity of each subscale. Relationships with core concepts such as need satisfaction, vitality, and usability were studied. Additionally, the UMI was found to detect differences in motivation for people who consider abandoning a technology compared to those who do not question their use. The central role of motivation in users’ behavior and experience is discussed.

scholarly journals Children Value Objects With Distinctive Histories

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madison Leigh Pesowski ◽  
Ori Friedman
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Developmental Origins ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Total N ◽  
Object A ◽  
The Past

From ancient objects in museums to souvenirs obtained on vacation, we often value objects for their distinctive histories. The present experiments investigate the developmental origins of people’s feelings that objects with distinctive histories are special. In each of four experiments, 4- to 7-year-olds (total N = 400) saw pairs of identical-looking objects in which one object was new and the other had a history that was either distinctive or mundane. In the first experiment, the histories did not involve people; in the remaining experiments, the histories were personal and related the objects to particular people. Distinctive histories affected children’s valuations of regular objects (all experiments), but not their valuations of stuffed animals. Both older and younger children viewed regular objects with distinctive histories as more special than those with mundane histories. Older children mostly viewed objects with distinctive histories as more special than new objects, and younger children showed similar judgments when judging which object a person cared about more. Together, the findings reveal a novel way that information about the past influences children’s judgments about the present and suggest that young children’s valuations of objects depend on objects’ histories.

scholarly journals Precipitation effects on soil characteristics in tropical rain forests of the Chocó biogeographical region

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 7813-7823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harley Quinto Mosquera ◽  
Flavio Moreno Hurtado
Keyword(s):  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tropical Rainforests ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Tropical Rain Forests ◽  
Total N ◽  
P Content ◽  
Biogeographical Region ◽  
Average Annual Precipitation

Average annual precipitation (AAP) is one of the principal environmental factors that regulates processes in terrestrial ecosystems. The effect of AAP on the availability of edaphic nutrients is poorly understood, especially in tropical zones with high rainfall. In order to evaluate the effects of high AAP on the availability of soil N, P, and K, physicochemical parameters were measured in soils of three tropical rainforests in the Chocó biogeographical region with different AAPs (7,500, 8,000, and 10,000 mm yr-1). Furthermore, a bibliographical review was carried out that including studies for distinct tropical Ultisols and AAP ranging from 1,800 to 10,000 mm yr-1. The evaluated soils presented extreme acidity with high contents of Al, organic matter (OM) and total N, and low quantities of P, Mg, and Ca. The K concentrations were intermediate and the effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) was low. On the other hand, in the evaluation of the influence of the AAP on the availability of N, P, and K in the soil, contrasting tendencies were observed. On one side, a positive curvilinear relationship was found between the availability of N and the increase in the AAP. On the other side, the available P content significantly decreased with increasing AAP. In conclusion, the excessive AAP resulted in increases in total N and low availability of P, thereby altering the dynamics of the nutrients and the carbon balance of the tropical forest

scholarly journals Titus Flavius Clemens’ Stance on Wine as Expressed in Paedagogus

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 187-205
Author(s):  
Jolanta Dybała ◽  
Krzysztof Jagusiak ◽  
Michał Pawlak
Keyword(s):  
Pure Water ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Food Product ◽  
The Other ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Golden Mean ◽  
Wine Consumption ◽  
Christian Theologian ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Titus Flavius Clemens was a philosopher and Christian theologian from the period of the 2nd–3th century. The aim of this paper is to present his view on the subject of wine and his recommendations on wine consumption as described in his work entitled Paedagogus. In this work Titus Flavius Clemens focuses primarily on the moral side of drinking wine. He is a great supporter of the ancient principle of moderation, or the golden mean (μεσότης). We also find its traces in his recommendations regarding the drinking of wine. First of all, he does not require Christians to be abstinent. Although he considers water as the best natural beverage to satisfy thirst, he does not make them reject God’s wine. The only condition he sets, however, is to maintain moderation in drinking it. He recommends diluting wine with water, as the peaceful Greeks always did, unlike the war-loving barbarians who were more prone to drunkenness. On the other hand, Titus Flavius Clemens warns the reader against excessive dilution of wine, so that it does not turn out to be pure water. He severely criticizes drunkenness, picturesquely presenting the behavior of drunks, both men and women. Wine in moderation has, in his opinion, its advantages – social, familial and individual. It makes a person better disposed to himself or herself, kinder to friends and more gentle to family members. Wine, when consumed in moderation, may also have medicinal properties. Clemens is well aware of this fact and in his work he cites several medical opinions on the subject. Unfortunately, in Paedagogus we find little information about wine as a food product / as an everyday bevarage. The input on the subject is limited to the list of exclusive, imported wines. What is worth noting, Titus Flavius Clemens appears to be a sommelier in this way.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK ORGANIOLEPTIK OTAK-OTAK IKAN YANG DIBERI EDIBLE COATING KARAGINAN DENGAN PENAMBAHAN ASAP CAIR

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Irma Q Bariah ◽  
Siegfried Berhimpon ◽  
Eunike Louisje Mongi
Keyword(s):  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Edible Coating ◽  
The Other ◽  
Liquid Smoke ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
New Type ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Edible coating is a new type of packaging made of biopolymer. The advantages of edible coating is enable to protect the food product, the original appearance of the product can be maintained and the product can be eaten as well as environmentally friendly. The study aim was to look at the organoleptic characteristics of fish cake coated with edible coating of carrageenan were given a liquid smoke. The treatments  given were variation of carrageenan concentration i,e. 0%, 1%, 1,5%, 2%, 2,5%, 3%. The experiment was designed using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). To determine the effect of treatments, the data were tested using organoleptical tests consists of hedonic and texture.The results shown that hedonic test of the appearance and color of the raw sample have significant effect (p>0,05), while the other test showed no significant effect (p>0,05). However, the organoleptical score for taste, smell and texture shown a tendency that the fish cake coated, have  higher score than without coated. Keywords: Edible coating, Carrageenan, Fish cake, Liquid smoke.

scholarly journals Loneliness and the Big Five Personality Traits: A Meta–Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Buecker ◽  
Marlies Maes ◽  
Jaap J. A. Denissen ◽  
Maike Luhmann
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Variance Estimation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Total N

This preregistered meta–analysis ( k = 113, total n = 93 668) addressed how the Big Five dimensions of personality (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness) are related to loneliness. Robust variance estimation accounting for the dependency of effect sizes was used to compute meta–analytic bivariate correlations between loneliness and personality. Extraversion ( r = −.370), agreeableness ( r = −.243), conscientiousness ( r = −.202), and openness ( r = −.107) were negatively related to loneliness. Neuroticism ( r = .358) was positively related to loneliness. These associations differed meaningfully in strength depending on how loneliness was assessed. Additionally, meta–analytic structural equation modelling was used to investigate the unique association between each personality trait and loneliness while controlling for the other four personality traits. All personality traits except openness remained statistically significantly associated with loneliness when controlling for the other personality traits. Our results show the importance of stable personality factors in explaining individual differences in loneliness. © 2020 European Association of Personality Psychology

Effects of age and state of incisor dentition on faecal output of dry matter and on faecal and urinary output of nitrogen and minerals, of sheep grazing hill pastures

1974 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Field ◽  
A. R. Sykes ◽  
R. G. Gunn
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Urinary Output ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Total N ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Daily Intakes

SUMMARYExcretion of D.M., N, Ca, P and Mg in faeces, and N, P and Mg in urine were measured at intervals over 12 months in breeding Scottish Blackface sheep grazing hill pastures. These values were used with data on reproductive performance and body compositional changes, to calculate the energy, nitrogen and mineral balances. The sheep were: 11 6½-year-old with sound mouths (SM), 16 6½-year-old with broken mouths (BM), 16 5½-year-old with all permanent incisors clipped to gum level (CM) and 16 2½-year-old (Y). An energy supplement was given at the end of gestation and during early lactation. All faeces were collected and creatinine was used as an internal marker to estimate urine volume.Faecal D.M. output ranged from 443 to 662 g/day, with highest values in November and lowest in May. Average values for the BM sheep were lower than those for the other groups but when output was expressed as a power function of body weight, the values for the Y sheep were 15% higher than those for the other groups. Faecal excretions of Ca and P in January and February were very low and the values for P were half the expected endogenous faecal loss.Urinary output ofN ranged from 6·0 g/day in February to 22·2 g/day in August and the corresponding urinary urea N: total N ratios were 0·24 and 0·69. Urinary Mg output was highest in late summer and early winter but urinary P showed no consistent trends.The estimated daily intakes of DOM (g) were 936 in November 1969, 599 in January, 414 in February, 1075 in May, 1150 in August and 946 in November 1970.The loss of energy from the body between mating (November) and mid-lactation (June) ranged from 9·5 to 16·8% of the total calculated ME requirements in the Y and BM sheep, respectively. Maintenance requirements averaged 204 kJ/kg body weight/day and the value for the Y sheep was 12% higher than the mean for the older sheep.Nitrogen and mineral balances were calculated for February, May, August and November. The sheep were protein-deficient in winter, not from a shortage of crude protein in the diet but because of its low digestibility (34%). Intakes of Ca and P in winter were low and a real possibility of a P deficiency exists. Estimates of the concentrations of N and of minerals in the herbage consumed by the sheep were made and compared with those obtained for cut herbage from the same pastures. It would appear that the sheep selected herbage of a higher protein content than that of the cut herbage. Herbage selection was greatest in November.

Response of some tropical grasses to molybdenum application

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (94) ◽  
pp. 732 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Johansen
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Cenchrus Ciliaris ◽  
Total N ◽  
Tropical Grasses ◽  
Tropical Legumes ◽  
Setaria Sphacelata ◽  
Large Growth

The response to Mo application of Panicum maximum var. trichoglume cv. Gatton (panic), Cenchrus ciliaris cv. Biloela (buffel) and Setaria sphacelata cv. Nandi (setaria) was studied at three rates of NO3 supply in pots containing soil that was severely Mo deficient for tropical legumes. There were no growth responses of these grasses to Mo, except for a marginally significant effect in panic at the highest NO3 treatment at the first harvest. These results are compared with Mo responses of legume/grass mixtures in the field and published data showing large growth responses of some temperate grasses to Mo. Application of Mo had no effect on total N concentrations of grass tops but markedly decreased NO3-N concentrations in buffel. Setaria had a greater ability to take up Mo than the other grasses and this was associated with the lower NO3 levels in this species. Critical Mo concentrations for growth of all grasses were below 0.02 p.p.m.

scholarly journals Key Issues: A Round Table Discussion

1993 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 776-786
Author(s):  
T.M. Brown ◽  
P. Demarque ◽  
R. Noyes ◽  
F. Praderie ◽  
I.W. Roxburgh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Data ◽  
Round Table ◽  
The Other ◽  
Complete List ◽  
Round Table Discussion ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Table Discussion ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Way

We have taken part to an exceptionally rich colloquium, characterized by a large amount of information in all fields of physics, and a remarkable collection of observational data. Our understanding of what is going on inside the stars has changed in a radical manner during the last years, on one side because the observations are bringing new kinds of information, and on the other side because theory in its development is taking into account a number of processes, some of them having been completely ignored only ten years ago.It is impossible to draw here a complete list of problems. There are many cases where some inconsistency could be found in the theory itself or some contradiction between observational data and theory. I recommended that such a list should be drawn carefully. The participants to the round table discussion will give their contribution, helping to open the way to new fields of research and to new discoveries.

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