scholarly journals Association of TNF-α 308G/A and LEPR Gln223Arg Polymorphisms with the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Maria Trapali ◽  
Dimitra Houhoula ◽  
Anthimia Batrinou ◽  
Anastasia Kanellou ◽  
Irini F. Strati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
And Control

The objective of the present study was to identify the association of the TNF-α- 308G/A and leptin receptor (LEPR) Gln223Arg polymorphisms with the risk of development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A total of 160 volunteers were studied: 108 with T2DM and 52 participants as control, who served as the control group. Polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) for the genomic region of TNF-α- 308G/A and LEPR Gln223Arg were carried out. Results: The frequency of LEPR Gln223Arg genotypes in T2DM and control groups showed significant differences in the distribution of genotypes (p < 0.05). The frequency also of TNF-α- 308G/A genotypes in T2DM and control subjects showed significant differences in the distribution of genotypes (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our results indicate that there are significant differences in the distribution of genotypes and alleles between the individuals with T2DM and control subjects (p < 0.05).

scholarly journals EDUKASI DENGAN PENDEKATAN PRINSIP DIABETES SELF MANAGEMENT EDUCATION (DSME) MENINGKATKAN PERILAKU KEPATUHAN DIET PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Rohmatul Laili ◽  
Yulis Setiya Dewi ◽  
Erna Dwi Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
And Control

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the incurable cronic diseases. The patient’s dietary obedience is a principal component in diabetes treatment success. One of the efforts to increase dietary obedience behavior in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients is using a Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) principles approach. Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) is the ongoing process of facilitating knowledge, skill and ability necessary for diabetes self care. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of DSME principles approach toward the dietary obedience behavior that consists of knowledge, attitude, and practice aspects in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Puskesmas Kebonsari Surabaya.Methods: A quasy experimental design was used in this study with 24 people as the sample which taken by using purposive sampling and divided into two groups (treatment and control group). A structured questionnaire and daily meal note for seven days were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed by using Wilcoxon signed rank test and Mann Whitney U test with significant level α≤0.05. Result: The results showed that there was an influence of DSME principles approach after being applied to the treatment group and control group toward the dietary knowledge with the value of p=0.004 and p=0.083 respectively, the attitude of dietary obedience with p=0.025 and p=0.083 and the dietary obedience practice with p=0.002 and p=0.564.Discussion: The study showed that DSME approach had a significant influence toward the dietary obedience behavior in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. DSME principles approach used learning based on patient empowerment and behavior strategies. Ongoing support also contributed in maintaining progress achieved so that resulting dietary obedience behavior in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. Larger respondents, more proper instruments and longer duration of study are needed to get a better results of the study concerning diabetic patient’s obedience in the future.

scholarly journals Diabetes education in primary care: a randomized clinical trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria de Fatima Ferreira Grillo ◽  
Cristina Rolim Neumann ◽  
Suzana Fiore Scain ◽  
Raquel Farias Rozeno ◽  
Luis Beloli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetes Education ◽  
Insulin Dose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
One Year ◽  
And Control

Abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a structured group education program administered by a primary care nurse in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The sample included 137 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, randomized into two groups: intervention (5-week educational course and reinforcements every 4 months for one year) and control (with no structured diabetes mellitus education) with an evaluation of metabolic control, weight, blood pressure, distress scores, and knowledge on diabetes. There were no differences between the two groups in HbA1c at 4, 8, or 12 months when compared to baseline values. An increase in HbA1c was observed in the control group after adjusting for baseline HbA1c and insulin dose (p = 0.044 between groups). Knowledge scores and diabetes-related distress improved after the intervention. A structured educational program administered to type 2 diabetes mellitus patients seen at a primary care unit improved the knowledge and distress associated with the disease. The results also suggest the prevention of an increase in HbA1c.

scholarly journals Adipokines, Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein, and C-Reactive Protein Levels in Lean, Overweight, and Obese Portuguese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

ISRN Obesity ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria João Neuparth ◽  
Jorge Brandão Proença ◽  
Alice Santos-Silva ◽  
Susana Coimbra
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
And Control

Aim. Our aim was to study how different BMI scores may influence the levels of inflammation, oxidative stress, adipogenesis, glucose, and lipid metabolism, in lean, overweight, and obese Portuguese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods. We studied 28 lean, 38 overweight, and 17 obese patients with T2DM and 20 controls (gender and age matched). The circulating levels of oxLDL, CRP, and some adipokines—adiponectin, leptin, and chemerin—and the lipid profile were evaluated. Results. Obese patients presented significantly lower levels of adiponectin and higher leptin, oxLDL, and chemerin levels, as compared to the overweight, lean, and control groups. Overweight, compared to lean and control, subjects showed significantly lower adiponectin and higher leptin and chemerin levels; oxLDL values were significantly higher in overweight than in lean patients. Lean patients presented significantly higher chemerin values than the control. Obese patients presented significantly higher CRP values, as compared to lean patients and the control group. Obese and overweight patients presented significantly higher triglycerides values than lean patients. Except for CRP, all the observed significant changes between control and patients remained significant after statistical adjustment for the body mass index (BMI). Conclusion. The levels of leptin, adiponectin, oxLDL, CRP, and triglycerides in patients with T2DM seem to be more associated with obesity and less with diabetes. Chemerin levels were raised in lean, overweight, and obese patients, suggesting that, independently of BMI, an adipocyte dysfunction occurs. Moreover, chemerin may provide an important early biomarker of adipocyte dysfunction and a link between obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals α-2-Macroglobulin in Saliva Is Associated with Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Aitken ◽  
Carolina Ortiz ◽  
Irene Morales-Bozo ◽  
Gonzalo Rojas-Alcayaga ◽  
Mauricio Baeza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Positive Discrimination ◽  
And Control

Background. Subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) require an adequate glycemic control to avoid diabetic complications. Currently, saliva biomarkers are used as a diagnostic tool and can be indicative of the degree of progression and control of various diseases. Several studies indicate thatα-2-macroglobulin levels are elevated in diabetic patients.Methods. 120 subjects with DM2 were enrolled and classified into two groups according to their glycemic control (percentage of glycated hemoglobin-A1c (HbA1c), <7% adequate glycemic control group; >7% inadequate glycemic control group). The relationship betweenα-2-macroglobulin levels from saliva samples and HbA1c was subsequently evaluated.Results. We found a positive correlation betweenα-2-macroglobulin and HbA1c (r=0.778andP<0.0001). Area under the receivers operating characteristic (ROC) curve ofα-2-macroglobulin indicated a positive discrimination threshold ofα-2-macroglobulin (AUC = 0.903, CI 95%: 0.847–0.959,P<0.0001) to diagnose glycemic control.Conclusions. Our data strongly suggest that the level of salivaα-2-macroglobulin is an indicator for the degree of glycemic control in diabetic patients and represents a promising alternative method to evaluate this parameter.

scholarly journals The role of Enterobacteria, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 in the development of myocardial ischemia with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 205873921879232
Author(s):  
Yan Xiong ◽  
Jianhong Tao ◽  
Li Cai ◽  
Yijia Tang ◽  
Qiyong Li
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tnf Α

This study is to observe the distribution of intestinal flora and the changes of inflammatory factors in elderly patients with myocardial ischemia complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A total of 106 elderly patients with myocardial ischemia complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (complicated group), 106 elderly patients with simple type 2 diabetes mellitus (diabetic group), and 106 healthy elderly people (control group) were selected. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), 1-h postprandial blood glucose (1hPG), 2-h postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), 3-h postprandial blood glucose (3hPG), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in complicated group and the diabetic group were higher than those in the control group ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The duration of diabetes, FBG, 3hPG, and HbA1c in the complicated group were higher than those in the diabetic group, while the 2hPG was lower than that in the diabetic group ( P < 0.05). Compared with control group, the number of Enterobacteria in the diabetic group and complicated group was increased, while the numbers of Bacteroides, Bifidobacteria, and Lactobacillus were decreased ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Compared with the diabetic group, the number of Enterobacteria in complicated group was increased, while the numbers of Bacteroides, Bifidobacteria, and Lactobacillus were decreased ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Compared with control group, the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and C-reactive protein (CRP) decreased in the diabetic group and complicated group, and the lowest in the complicated group. Conversely, the levels of interleukin 10 (IL-10) and interleukin 12 (IL-2) increased in the diabetic group and complicated group, and the highest in the complicated group ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of diabetes, HbA1c, Enterobacteria, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 were the influencing factors of myocardial ischemia complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). In conclusion, in the elderly patients with myocardial ischemia complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the number of intestinal probiotics and the level of anti-inflammatory factors decreased, and the number of pathogenic bacteria and the level of inflammatory factors increased. Enterobacteria, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 may play an important role in the development of myocardial ischemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Drift of the Subgingival Periodontal Microbiome during Chronic Periodontitis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 504
Author(s):  
Irina P. Balmasova ◽  
Evgenii I. Olekhnovich ◽  
Ksenia M. Klimina ◽  
Anna A. Korenkova ◽  
Maria T. Vakhitova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control ◽  
Pooled Samples

Since periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus are complex diseases, a thorough understanding of their pathogenesis requires knowing the relationship of these pathologies with other disorders and environmental factors. In this study, the representability of the subgingival periodontal microbiome of 46 subjects was studied by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and shotgun sequencing of pooled samples. We examined 15 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), 15 patients with chronic periodontitis associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (CPT2DM), and 16 healthy subjects (Control). The severity of generalized chronic periodontitis in both periodontitis groups of patients (CP and CPT2DM) was moderate (stage II). The male to female ratios were approximately equal in each group (22 males and 24 females); the average age of the subjects was 53.9 ± 7.3 and 54.3 ± 7.2 years, respectively. The presence of overweight patients (Body Mass Index (BMI) 30–34.9 kg/m2) and patients with class 1–2 obesity (BMI 35–45.9 kg/m2) was significantly higher in the CPT2DM group than in patients having only chronic periodontitis or in the Control group. However, there was no statistically significant difference in all clinical indices between the CP and CPT2DM groups. An analysis of the metagenomic data revealed that the alpha diversity in the CPT2DM group was increased compared to that in the CP and Control groups. The microbiome biomarkers associated with experimental groups were evaluated. In both groups of patients with periodontitis, the relative abundance of Porphyromonadaceae was increased compared to that in the Control group. The CPT2DM group was characterized by a lower relative abundance of Streptococcaceae/Pasteurellaceae and a higher abundance of Leptotrichiaceae compared to those in the CP and Control groups. Furthermore, the CP and CPT2DM groups differed in terms of the relative abundance of Veillonellaceae (which was decreased in the CPT2DM group compared to CP) and Neisseriaceae (which was increased in the CPT2DM group compared to CP). In addition, differences in bacterial content were identified by a combination of shotgun sequencing of pooled samples and genome-resolved metagenomics. The results indicate that there are subgingival microbiome-specific features in patients with chronic periodontitis associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Study of Serum Electrolyte Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Siddiqui ◽  
Swati K. Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Electrolyte ◽  
Electrolyte Metabolism ◽  
And Control ◽  
Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Objective Study

Introduction: The incidence of diabetes mellitus is increasing rapidly with interference in electrolytes sodium (Na+), potassium (K+) and chloride (Cl-). The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is rapidly rising all over the globe at an alarming rate. Objective: Study of serum electrolyte levels in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Material and methods: Total of 100 subjects were included in the study, out of which two groups were formed; 50 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 50 controls. Centrifuged serum was analyzed for estimation of Na+, K+ and Cl- level by the Accustar auto analyzer. Results: In type 2 diabetes mellitus serum Na+ level was observed significantly decreased while Cl- and K+ levels were increased. Both the electrolytes (Na+ Cl-) differ significantly in diabetes and control group. Conclusion: Electrolyte metabolism is disturbed in type 2 diabetes mellitus and proper glycemic control and evaluation of electrolyte levels can reduce the fatalities associated with electrolyte derangement in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Detection of serum biochemical markers in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its relationship with coronary heart disease

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Disease Group ◽  
And Control

Background and Aims: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is myocardial ischemia caused by coronary atherosclerosis and stenosis. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of CHD with glycated albumin (GA), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1c), glucose (Glu), homocysteine (Hcy), triglyceride (TG), and apolipop protein A (apoA) levels in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Moreover, it was attempted to predict which changes had a significant correlation with the occurrence of CHD in these biochemical indicators. Materials and Methods: This clinical cohort study included a total of 472 patients admitted to our hospital from June 2018 to June 2019. They were then divided into three groups of concurrent (n=168, T2DM complicated with CHD), DM (n=148, T2DM alone), and control (n=156, healthy individuals). Results: There were significant differences between the disease group (i.e., DM and concurrent groups) and control group in terms of GA (P=0.013, 28.58±8.01 vs. 15.77±1.44), HbA 1c (P=0.022, 9.5±1.5 vs. 5.5±0.5), Glu (P=0.012, 8.54±2.23 vs. 4.12±0.39), Hcy (P=0.031, 11.16±3.28 vs. 5.03±2.87), TG (P=0.021, 1.83±0.49 vs. 0.84±0.18), and apoA (P=0.031, 1.10±0.12 vs. 1.30±0.18). Moreover, GA (P=0.025, 27.14±6.34 vs. 28.58±8.01; concurrent group vs. DM group), HbA 1c (P=0.033, 8.3±1.2 vs. 9.5±1.5; concurrent group vs. DM group), Glu (P=0.019, 8.62±3.56 vs. 8.54±2.23; concurrent group vs. DM group), Hcy (P=0.031, 17.56±6.36 vs. 11.16±3.28; concurrent group vs. DM group), total cholesterol ([TC]; P=0.022, 3.06±0.20 vs. 3.69±0.29; concurrent group vs. DM group), and low-density lipoprotein ([LDL]; P=0.037, 2.57±1.02 vs. 3.40±1.17; concurrent group vs. DM group) in disease group (DM group and concurrent group) were higher than those in the control group; however, apoA (P=0.023, 0.95±0.12 vs. 1.10±0.12; concurrent group vs. DM group) in disease group was lower than that in the control group. Furthermore, there were significant differences between the disease and control groups in terms of GA, HbA 1c, Glu, Hcy, TC, LDL, and apoA (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis between DM and concurrent groups was performed on the clinical parameters with statistical differences, and GA was highly correlated with HbA 1c and Glu (P<0.01). Conclusion: High-risk patient screening with high levels of GA, Hcy, and apoA in elderly patients with T2DM can not only improve the symptoms of patients with targeted treatment but also reduce the incidence of CHD by timely intervention, which is of great significance to improve the quality of life of patients.

scholarly journals Assessment of Nerve Conduction Study and Electroencephalogram Abnormalities in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah N. Abass ◽  
Moshtak Abdul-Atheem ◽  
Hanan F. Aswad
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Nerve Conduction Study ◽  
Nerve Conduction ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
And Control

AbstractBackground and aims: This study aims to evaluate the electroencephalographic and nerve conduction changes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with and without peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and to investigate the relationship with other variables such as age, gender, duration of the diabetes and the degree of metabolic control.Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study, including 100 patients with T2DM and 100 control subjects, aged 34 to 77 years. All patients enrolled in the study were subjected to full assessment, including: history, biochemical and electrophysiological tests.Results: The study found that patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in comparison to patients without DPN and control subjects were older, had longer duration of diabetes and poorer glycemic control reflected by fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin. The electrophysiological findings showed that patients with DPN have significant differences in nerve conduction study (NCS) parameters when compared to patients without DPN and control subjects in the form of axonal degeneration and demyelination. They also had abnormalities of the electroencephalogram (EEG) which are correlated with nerve conduction study severity.Conclusion: Routine NCS is an important method for evaluating DPN. Investigating sensory nerves of lower limbs is helpful in discovering the early stages of DPN when other tested nerves are normal. The F-wave can be used as a sensitive indicator for the early diagnosis of DPN and it can help to detect the subclinical lesions. EEG examination in diabetic patients with severe DPN is important in showing the defect in the central nervous system.

scholarly journals Diabetes Self-management Education Effect on Family Knowledge of Hypoglycemia Episodes Detection on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (E) ◽  
pp. 1398-1402
Author(s):  
Netha Damayantie ◽  
Mursidah Dewi ◽  
Rusmimpong Rusmimpong ◽  
Cek Masnah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
And Control

BACKGROUND: Diabetes self-management education (DSME) is a health education process for individuals or families in managing diabetes. AIM: This research was aimed to evaluate DSME effect on family knowledge of hypoglycemia episodes detection on Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS: Quasi-experimental design with simple random sampling was used in this study. A total of 62 family members of T2DM patients were collected from the Public Health Center, Jambi Province, Indonesia. They were divided into the intervention group (n = 31) and control group (n = 31). The intervention group received 2-month intervention, including DSME of diabetes mellitus with following stages of activity: Socialization, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. The control group received standard education. Data were collected from pre- and post-test questionnaire followed by statistical analysis using paired t-test. RESULTS: There were different mean values in the family knowledge pretest-posttest between experimental groups (10.71–12.39) and control groups (9.45–12.26) to detect hypoglycemic episodes before and after DSME mentoring. There was effectiveness of DSME on family knowledge to hypoglycemia episodes detection among T2DM (p = 0.0001), including in the control group (p = 0.002) CONCLUSIONS: This study found out the significant improvements in the intervention with DSME participants hypoglycemia episodes detection knowledge. This demonstrates that our DSME may be clinical importance.

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