scholarly journals Natural Stones Used in the Orsi-Marconi Palace Façade (Bologna): A Petro-Mineralogical Characterization

Heritage ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1109-1123
Author(s):  
Elena Marrocchino ◽  
Chiara Telloli ◽  
Martina Pedrini ◽  
Carmela Vaccaro
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Products ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Structural Aspect ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polarized Microscopy ◽  
Mineralogical Study ◽  
Natural Stones ◽  
Materials Used

Ancient buildings are important components of the Italian Cultural Heritage and, since the Etruscan Period, Bologna (north-eastern Italy) has always been one of the most flourishing cities both culturally and economically in the Italian and European panorama. The Orsi-Marconi Palace in Bologna presents a monumental façade decorated with many sandstone ornaments of the 16th century. Different samples from different parts of the façade of the building were collected and firstly characterised by macroscopic observations to determine the structural aspect. A petro-mineralogical study on the surfaces of the samples was conducted using a stereomicroscope and Optical Transmitted Light Polarized Microscopy. In addition, X-Ray Fluorescence and X-Ray Powder Diffractometer analyses were carried out to better understand the mineralogical composition of the sandstone materials used and the degradation products from the façades of this historical building. The aim of this work was to better understand how to revalue the sandstone decorations severely affected by deterioration phenomena.

Mineralogical study of clays from Dobrodo, Serbia, for use in ceramics

Clay Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Milošević ◽  
Predrag Dabić ◽  
Sabina Kovač ◽  
Lazar Kaluđerović ◽  
Mihovil Logar
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
Mineralogical Study

AbstractThis study focuses on the mineralogical characterization of four raw clay samples from Dobrodo deposit, Serbia. Several analytical methods were applied to determine the chemical and mineralogical composition, morphology and physical properties (colour, plasticity, specific surface area, particle size and cation-exchange capacity) of the clay samples. Kaolinite, smectite and illite are the predominant phases in all of the samples studied that contain between 60.2 and 87.1 wt.% of clay. Quartz, feldspars, paragonite and Ti- and Fe-bearing phases were also identified. The relatively high SiO2/Al2O3 mass ratio indicates abundant quartz. The cation-exchange capacity of the samples varied between low and moderately charged clay minerals (12–52 mmol 100 g–1) with specific surface area values ranging from 94 to 410 m2 g–1. The plasticity index values (11–23%) suggest low to moderate plasticity. Preliminary results show that most of the raw clay from Dobrodo deposit might be suitable for use in ceramic applications.

scholarly journals Radiological, geochemical, and mineralogical characterization of natural stones used in turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-274
Author(s):  
Nil Yapici ◽  
Ferhat Gezer ◽  
Nusret Nurlu ◽  
Seref Turhan ◽  
Yuksel Ufuktepe
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Germanium Detector ◽  
Spectroscopic Technique ◽  
Natural Stone ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Natural Stones

In the study, radiological, geochemical, and mineralogical characterization of natural stone samples used for covering or ornamental purposes collected from different quarries in Turkey was done using gamma spectrometric technique with high-purity germanium detector, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopic technique, X-ray diffraction technique and thin sections. The mean activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were measured in natural stone samples as 28.9, 30.8, and 355.0 Bqkg-1, respectively. The assessment of radiological hazards from utilization of stone samples as covering or ornamental material in building sector was made by estimating activity concentration index, absorbed gamma dose rate and annual effective dose rate. The examined natural stone samples were composed of calcite, dolomite, quartz, orthoclase, albite, biotite, hornblende, oligoclase, olivine and talc.

scholarly journals A new methodological approach (QEMSCAN®) in the mineralogical study of Polish loess: Guidelines for further research

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 342-353
Author(s):  
Piotr Kenis ◽  
Jacek Skurzyński ◽  
Zdzisław Jary ◽  
Rafał Kubik
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mineralogical Study ◽  
Research Procedure ◽  
Automated Mineralogy ◽  
Mineralogical Investigation ◽  
Comparability Of Results ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThis article presents in detail the methodology dedicated strictly to loess mineralogical investigation by automated mineralogy system QEMSCAN® (quantitative evaluation of minerals by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)), which couples SEM and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry to automatically deliver mineral and phase mapping. The present study provides guidelines for further loess investigation in Poland, in order to maintain the complete comparability of results which will be obtained. The methodology is then used to obtain the data on complex mineralogical composition (heavy, light, transparent and opaque phases). In total 1,159,107 particles have been measured for five bulk loess samples and 4–6% of them were heavy minerals (c.a. 10,000 per sample). The bulk samples are dominated by quartz (57.3–62.9%) and contain plagioclase (7.8–9.2%), K-feldspar (7.9–8.7%), carbonates (5.0–7.8%), muscovite (3.2–6.2%), biotite (4.2–7.5%), heavy minerals (4.3–5.8%) and clay minerals (0.9–1.6%). The heavy minerals (as a group recalculated to 100%) are mainly represented by phases such as clinopyroxene (38–51%), garnets (14–21%), TiO2 polymorphs (8–12%), Al2SiO5 polymorphs (3–7%), ilmenite (3–6%), iron oxides, e.g., hematite and magnetite (2–5%) and zircon (∼2%). Nearly 50% of the heavy minerals is classified in the 16–31 µm fraction, which determine the changes in the current research procedure traditionally used for Polish loess.

scholarly journals Historical building dating: A multidisciplinary study of the Convento de São Francisco (Coimbra, Portugal)

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Stella ◽  
Luis Almeida ◽  
Lilia Basílio ◽  
Stefania Pasquale ◽  
Jorge Dinis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
Multidisciplinary Study ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Colorimetric Measurements ◽  
Binder Ratio ◽  
Colorimetric Data ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Cross Dating

Abstract Cross-dating of bricks and mortars from historical building, through thermal (TL) and optically stimulated (OSL) luminescence have achieved good accuracy and precision. However this approach is, in many cases, not exhaustive especially for buildings with different construction phases closely temporally spaced to each other. The uncertainties of experimental data added to the reuse of old bricks and/or the presence of mortars applied on restorations represent the main limits to obtain the complete chronology. In the case of the Convento de S. Francisco (Coimbra, Portugal), the dating results were crossed with the stratigraphic study of the building, mineralogical characterization by XRD and colorimetric data of the mortar samples. Thanks to luminescence ages, mineralogical composition and color specification, two phases of construction were identified: the first from the 17th century and the first half of the 18th century and the second from the second half of the 18th century to the first half of the 19th century. These results were confirmed by mineralogical characterization and colorimetric measurements of mortars that identify two different types of materials in aggregate/binder ratio terms and superficial optical characteristics.

scholarly journals Mineralogical characterization of clay fraction of Chalan Beel soils of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
ABMS Islam ◽  
MS Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Appreciable Amount ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Top soils of four different series viz Jaonia (Typic Haplaquept), Halti (Typic Haplaquept), Taras (Aeric Haplaquept) and Digli (Typic Haplaquept) developed on Atrai river alluvium were studied to investigate the clay mineralogical composition. X-ray diffraction technique was employed to identify and quantify the minerals. The XRD patterns were obtained with Ni-filter Cu kα - radiation at a scanning speed of 2º2θ min and the amount of minerals was estimated by XRD peak intensities at parallel powder mount. Mica was the dominant clay mineral (33 - 51%) in all soils, followed by quartz (13 -19%). The kaolinite contents were small (8 - 10%) over the soils. The occurrence of vermiculite in the Digli and Taras soils (9 and 7% respectively) indicates a considerable transformation of mica. There is very little or no smectite minerals in the soils which might be due to poor parent material and disappearance of smectite from the top soils. Appreciable amount of primary minerals like quartz and feldspars have also been observed in the clay fraction of the soils. Keywords: Clay minerals; Chalan beel; X-ray diffraction DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v6i2.4819 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 6(2): 253-260, 2008

Geochemical and Mineralogical Characterization of Construction Materials from Historical Buildings of Ferrara (Italy)

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Elena Marrocchino ◽  
Chiara Telloli ◽  
Carmela Vaccaro
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ne Italy ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Degradation Degree ◽  
The City ◽  
The Church

This paper presents a chemical-mineralogical characterization of construction materials from medieval Renaissance buildings of Ferrara (NE Italy) to provide an insight into the nature and provenance of the raw materials used. Biagio Rossetti was an Italian architect and urbanist from the city of Ferrara. From 1483, he was the architect of the Duke of Ferrara Ercole I d’Este who in 1492 assigned him the project of enlarging the city of Ferrara. Biagio Rossetti is still famous because he designed and built many notable palaces and churches in Ferrara, e.g., the Palazzo Roverella, the monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie and the renovation of the church of San Andrea. To date, only the first two historic buildings are still in use and consequently restored, while the church of San Andrea has been abandoned over the years and the remains have been subject to decay. Different kinds of samples (bricks, cotto, plaster and mortars) were collected from the three sampling sites and analyzed in X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffractometer to investigate the construction materials through the evaluation of their chemical composition, historic building activity and degradation degree. These investigations should provide knowledge useful for restoration and conservation processes.

scholarly journals The Potential for Natural Stones from Northeastern Brazil to Be Used in Civil Construction

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 440
Author(s):  
Fabiana Pereira da Costa ◽  
Jucielle Veras Fernandes ◽  
Luiz Ronaldo Lisboa de Melo ◽  
Alisson Mendes Rodrigues ◽  
Romualdo Rodrigues Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Chemical Resistance ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Natural Stones

Natural stones (limestones, granites, and marble) from mines located in northeastern Brazil were investigated to discover their potential for use in civil construction. The natural stones were characterized by chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, and optical microscopy. The physical-mechanical properties (apparent density, porosity, water absorption, compressive and flexural strength, impact, and abrasion) and chemical resistance properties were also evaluated. The results of the physical-mechanical analysis indicated that the natural stones investigated have the potential to be used in different environments (interior, exterior), taking into account factors such as people’s circulation and exposure to chemical agents.

scholarly journals Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Ice-Dammed Lake Sediments of the Lębork Deposit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radosław Rogoziński ◽  
Alina Maciejewska
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dominant Component ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
Dammed Lake

AbstractVarved clay deposits from ice-dammed lakes are a particularly important and broadly applied raw material used for the production of high-quality ceramics (red bricks, roof tiles, etc.), but the mineralogy and geochemistry of these sediments are not fully understood. The aim of the present study was to determine the chemical and mineralogical composition of ice-dammed lake sediments of the Lębork deposit. Major-element analysis of the compositions of selected samples from the ice-dammed lake clays was performed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and trace elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The mineralogical composition of clay samples was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Analyses of the chemical composition of the ice-dammed lake clays of the Lębork deposit showed that the dominant component was SiO2 with a mean content of 56.13 wt.%; the second most abundant component was Al2O3, with a mean content for the entire deposit of 11.61 wt.%. Analysis by ICP-MS indicated the presence of rare earth elements (REE), e.g. cerium, neodymium, lanthanum, and praseodymium; their mean contents are: 56.9, 27.0, 26.3, and 7.3 ppm, respectively. Mineralogical analysis of the varved clays identified quartz, muscovite, calcite, and clay minerals – illite, kaolinite, and montmorillonite. The material filling the Lębork basin is characterized by small lateral and vertical variability in chemical composition. The results of the present study may be of considerable importance in determining the parent igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks, the weathering products of which supplied material to the ice-dammed lake, as well as in determining the mechanisms and character of the sedimentation process itself.

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