scholarly journals Development of a Multipurpose Core Collection of New Promising Iranian Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Genotypes Based on Morphological and Pomological Traits

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 350
Author(s):  
Sara Razi ◽  
Ali Soleimani ◽  
Mehrshad Zeinalabedini ◽  
Mohammad Reza Vazifeshenas ◽  
Pedro Martínez-Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Core Collection ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Tree Breeding ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Entire Collection ◽  
Fruit Tree Breeding ◽  
Pomegranate Fruit

Establishment of a core collection, of limited size and better representation of the whole germplasm phenotypic diversity, is fundamental for fruit tree breeding programs from an economic and management points of view. To achieve this goal with pomegranate fruit trees, 221 genotypes were evaluated for 25 morphological and pomological traits during two successive years. Using the maximization strategy in Power Core software, 12 out of 221 pomegranate genotypes were selected for the new core collection, reducing the population size to 5.42% of the entire collection. Variance difference (VD%) and mean difference (MD%) were calculated as 42.68% and 7.03% in core collection, respectively. This indicates an excellent diversity amongst genotypes within the core collection. The Shannon’s diversity index (H′) in the formed collection suggested that 19 out of 25 phenotypic variables were of high diversity. Results showed that core collection genotypes are equally presented in all three population groups formed by cluster analysis through the original collection. The current research is the first in using phenotypic data to establish a core collection of Iranian pomegranate germplasm. The formation of this core collection will be an effective step towards examining the diversity of the original population and breeding prospects.

WILD EMMER WHEAT IN JORDAN: III. A CORE COLLECTION

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
A.A. Jaradat
Keyword(s):  
Core Collection ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Triticum Dicoccoides ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Wild Emmer Wheat ◽  
Emmer Wheat ◽  
Wild Emmer ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Percent Contribution

The germplasm base collection (BC) of wild emmer wheat,Triticum dicoccoides, from Jordan consists of over 2,000 accessions. Data on 10 quantitative and 8 qualitative traits were analyzed using multivariate statistical analysis procedures. A stratified and proportional sampling procedure was used to select 10 and 5% of the BC to form two core collections: CC10 and CC5, respectively. Phenotypic variation in the BC, as estimated by the phenotypic diversity index, hs,j, was unevenly distributed among accessions, among populations, and among ecogeographical regions. Moreover, its level differed significantly among and within quantitatively and qualitatively inherited traits. This characteristic led to successfully selecting a core collection which represents all levels of hierarchy in the base collection. Examination of the data for the same 18 traits in the BC, CC10, and CC5 indicated that CC10 and CC5 retained, on average, 86.0 and 74.3% of the variation in the BC, respectively. Percent discrete phenotypic classes, with frequency >0.10 (i.e., common widespread and common localized phenotypes). recovered in CC10 and CC5 were 79.6 and 51.5%, respectively. Results of hierarchical analyses of variance showed that percent contribution by traits to total variance in hs,j. estimates increased from 64.0% in the BC to 78.0% in CC10, and to 96.3% in CC5. Nevertheless, and as theoretically expected, CC10 was more efficient than CC5 in retaining the amount and composition of the variation originally found in the base collection.

scholarly journals Utilization of Phytochemical and Molecular Diversity to Develop a Target-Oriented Core Collection in Tea Germplasm

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1667
Author(s):  
Do Yoon Hyun ◽  
Gwang-Yeon Gi ◽  
Raveendar Sebastin ◽  
Gyu-Taek Cho ◽  
Seong-Hoon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Core Collection ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Phytochemical Variation ◽  
Entire Collection ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Direct Use

Tea has received attention due to its phytochemicals. For the direct use of tea germplasm in breeding programs, a core collection that retains the genetic diversity and various phytochemicals in tea is needed. In this study, we evaluated the content of eight phytochemicals over two years and the genetic diversity through 33 SSR (simple sequence repeats) markers for 462 tea accessions (entire collection, ENC) and developed a target-oriented core collection (TOCC). Significant phytochemical variation was observed in the ENC between genotypes and years. The genetic diversity of ENC showed high levels of molecular variability. These results were incorporated into developing TOCCs. The TOCC showed a representation of the ENC, where the mean difference percentage, the variance difference percentage, the variable rate of coefficient of variance percentage, and the coincidence rate of range percentage were 7.88, 39.33, 120.79, and 97.43, respectively. The Shannon’s diversity index (I) and Nei’s gene diversity (H) of TOCC were higher than those of ENC. Furthermore, the accessions in TOCC were shown to be selected proportionally, thus accurately reflecting the distribution of the overall accessions for each phytochemical. This is the first report describing the development of a TOCC retaining the diversity of phytochemicals in tea germplasm. This TOCC will facilitate the identification of the genetic determinants of trait variability and the effective utilization of phytochemical diversity in crop improvement programs.

Establishment of a cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) core collection based on agro-morphological descriptors

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjana Bhattacharjee ◽  
Dominique Dumet ◽  
Paul Ilona ◽  
Soyode Folarin ◽  
Jorge Franco
Keyword(s):  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Core Collection ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
The Core ◽  
Entire Collection

International Institute of Tropical Agriculture maintains 2544 cassava accessions (Manihot esculenta Crantz) from 28 countries in its field bank. Being vegetatively propagated, this poses challenges in maintenance in terms of cost as well as in labour requirements. A core collection representing the range of phenotypic diversity present in the entire collection would enhance the conservation aspects and increase the potential for its exploitation in crop improvement programmes. The present study aimed to establish a core collection using 40 agro-morphological traits evaluated at two locations using a different number of accessions in each location. To meet the challenges generated by the types of variables and include maximum diversity in the core collection, a sequential strategy based on five major concepts was used: hierarchical multiple factor analysis allowing the mixture of variables of different kinds; three-way analysis that included the effect of genotype × environment interaction in the clustering process; linear discriminant function to assign all those individuals who were included in one location but not in the other to the groups that were generated from the common number of accessions evaluated in both locations; and D-allocation method to select samples from each cluster. The representativeness of the core subset to the entire collection was further estimated by comparing means and variances, range, and distances between accessions. The established cassava core collection consisted of 428 accessions that conserved 15% higher phenotypic diversity with no redundancies. The phenotypic diversity represented in this core collection will be a guide to users of cassava germplasm in their crop improvement programmes.

scholarly journals Establishing a core collection of foxtail millet to enhance the utilization of germplasm of an underutilized crop

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (02) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hari D. Upadhyaya ◽  
R. P. S. Pundir ◽  
C. L. L. Gowda ◽  
V. Gopal Reddy ◽  
S. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Core Collection ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Qualitative Traits ◽  
The Core ◽  
Underutilized Crop ◽  
Entire Collection ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Precise Assessment ◽  
Germplasm Accessions

Foxtail millet (Setaria italica(L.) Beauv.) is one of the ten small millets and is cultivated in 23 countries. The foxtail millet is valued as a crop of short duration, which is good as food, feed and fodder. In general, grain yield levels of foxtail millet are low in comparison with other staple cereals. The greater use of diverse germplasm in breeding is suggested as a means to improve the productivity of this crop. The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics genebank is presently holding 1474 cultivated germplasm accessions from 23 countries. To utilize this diversity in research, a core collection (10% of the entire collection) was established using the taxonomic and qualitative traits data. The germplasm accessions were stratified into three taxonomic races (Indica, Maxima and Moharia). Principal coordinate analysis was performed on 12 qualitative traits for each of the biological races, separately that resulted in the formation of 29 clusters. From each cluster, 10% of the accessions were selected to constitute a core collection of 155 accessions. The composition and diversity of the core collection was validated by the χ2-tests of the frequencies of origin, races, subraces and data on qualitative traits. The analysis of the quantitative traits for mean, range, variance, Shannon–Weaver diversity index and phenotypic associations indicated that the diversity from the entire collection was optimally represented in the core collection. The core subset will be evaluated in replicated trials to make a more precise assessment of diversity and further efforts to identify the sources of agronomic and grain nutritional traits for utilization in breeding programmes.

Population structure and core collection construction of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) in North Africa based on microsatellite markers

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hedia Bourguiba ◽  
Mohamed-Amine Batnini ◽  
Lamia Krichen ◽  
Neila Trifi-Farah ◽  
Jean-Marc Audergon
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Core Collection ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Phenotypic Data

North Africa enclosed original apricot genetic resources with the cohabitation of grafting and seed-propagated accessions. In this study, we assessed the genetic diversity and population structure of 183 apricot accessions using 24 microsatellite markers distributed evenly in the Prunus genome. A total of 192 alleles and a high level of gene diversity (0.593) were detected among the whole panel. Genetic structure analysis revealed the presence of four genetic clusters. We also found that both geographical origin and mode of propagation are important factors structuring genetic diversity in apricot species. Results confirmed the presence of gene exchange between the northern and southern countries of the Mediterranean Basin. Subsequently, a core collection of 98 accessions based on M (maximization) strategy showing 99.47% of allele retention ratio was constructed. No significant differences for Shannon's information index and Nei's diversity index were observed between the core and entire collections. Our results provide an effective aid for future germplasm preservation and conservation strategies as well as genetic association studies development in relation to phenotypic data.

Re-defining the yam (Dioscorea spp.) core collection using morphological traits

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gezahegn Girma ◽  
Ranjana Bhattacharjee ◽  
Antonio Lopez-Montes ◽  
Badara Gueye ◽  
Sam Ofodile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Core Collection ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dioscorea Rotundata ◽  
Entire Collection ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Dioscorea Cayenensis ◽  
Dioscorea Bulbifera

AbstractDevelopment of core collection representing the diversity in the entire germplasm creates a better access and enhanced utilization of the main collection thus allowing rapid evaluation in crop improvement programs. Core collections are dynamic in nature and needs revisiting when additional germplasm and information becomes available. In the current study, an attempt was made to re-define the previously developed yam (Dioscorea spp) core collection using 56 morphological traits. Information on additional acquired germplasm and presence of duplicates or mislabelled accessions in the entire collection was also used. The re-defined core collection consisted of 843 accessions and represented about 20% of the entire collection. It included six Dioscorea species, of which accessions of Dioscorea rotundata are in the majority (73.54%) followed by Dioscorea alata (21.35%), Dioscorea bulbifera (1.66%), Dioscorea cayenensis (1.42%), Dioscorea dumetorum (1.42%) and Dioscorea esculenta (0.59%). The Shannon weaver diversity index and principal component analysis revealed the maximum diversity captured in the core from the base collection. This re-defined core collection is more valuable than the original core since it represents true-to-type accessions ensuring reliability for enhanced utilization of germplasm in yam improvement programs.

scholarly journals Effect of rejuvenation pruning on the growth, productivity and disease incidence in declining trees of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cv. Kandhari Kabuli

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 358-362
Author(s):  
D. P. Sharma ◽  
Niranjan Singh
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Disease Attack ◽  
Punica Granatum L

Pruning of fruit trees is an important aspect for the improvement of fruit quality and to minimize the pests and disease attack. Pruning was performed in the month of December in seven year old unpruned trees of Punica granatum cv. Knadhdri Kabuli having many interfering branching and a heavy infestation of bacterial blight orchard. The pruning treatments viz., T1: Retention of 15cm fruiting shoot length, T2: Retention of 30cm fruiting shoot length, T3: Retention of 45cm fruiting shoot length, T4: Retention of 60cm fruiting shoot length and T5: control (No heading back and no thinning) plant. The results of the present investigation revealed that among different pruning treatment, the best results in terms of shoot extension (56.34 cm), fruit size (Diameter 9.66 cm and Length 9.65 cm, fruit weight (278.50 g), marketable yield (10.25 kg) and fruit qualities were in fruits from T1 and T2 where retention of 15cm fruiting shoot length respectively and retention of 30cm fruiting shoot length were maintained. However, maximum fruit set (54.73%) was recorded in control, and it decreased with increasing pruning intensity. The pruning treatments also proved beneficial in controlling bacterial blight on fruit (12.86%) and leaf surface (26.60%) to some extent.

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