scholarly journals Effects of Individual and Simultaneous Selenium and Iodine Biofortification of Baby-Leaf Lettuce Plants Grown in Two Different Hydroponic Systems

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 590
Author(s):  
Martina Puccinelli ◽  
Fernando Malorgio ◽  
Luca Incrocci ◽  
Irene Rosellini ◽  
Beatrice Pezzarossa
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Sodium Selenate ◽  
System Quality ◽  
Leaf Quality ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Floating System ◽  
Hydroponic Systems ◽  
Leaf Lettuce ◽  
Global Population

The iodine (I) and selenium (Se) deficiencies affect approximately 30% and 15%, respectively, of the global population. The biofortification of vegetables is a valid way to increase the intake of iodine and selenium through the diet. This study was carried out on baby-leaf lettuce to investigate the effects on plant growth, leaf quality, and leaf I and Se accumulation of adding potassium iodide and sodium selenate, separately and simultaneously, to the nutrient solution in a floating system and aeroponics. The effect of I and Se biofortification on post-harvest quality of lettuce leaves was also evaluated. Our results evidenced that the Se and I treatments increased the content of the two microelements in lettuce leaves without any negative interactions in the plants, when applied either separately or simultaneously. Both hydroponic systems proved to be suitable for producing Se and/or I enriched lettuce. Biofortification with Se was more effective when performed in aeroponics, whereas I biofortification was more effective in the floating system. Quality of leaves during post-harvest storage was not affected by neither of the treatments. Lettuce leaves enriched with 13 µM Se and 5 µMI could be good dietary sources of Se and I without inducing toxic effects in humans.

scholarly journals Silicon Potential as Attenuator of Salinity Effects on Growth and Post-harvest Quality of Lettuce

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 455
Author(s):  
Hozano De Souza Lemos Neto ◽  
Marcelo De Almeida Guimarães ◽  
Rosilene Oliveira Mesquita ◽  
Italo Marlone Gomes Sampaio ◽  
Ana Régia Alves de Araújo Hendges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Silicon (Si) is a mineral element that provides many benefits to plants and may also assist in tolerance to abiotic stresses such as salinity. The aim of the study was to evaluate the use of Si as a possible attenuator of the deleterious effects of salinity on growth and post-harvest of lettuce. A completely randomized design with four replicates was performed in a 3 × 2 factorial, consisting of three salinity levels (1.65, 3.65, 7.65 dS m-1) and two levels of silicon (0.0 and 2.0 mM). Salinity reduced all variables related to plant growth. For shoot fresh and dry mass, it was observed that NaCl caused a reduction of 79.80 and 80%, respectively, in comparison to the control. However, parameters related to post-harvest such as titratable acidity, soluble solids and vitamin C increased with salinity. Although not effective in reducing saline stress on plant growth, Si provided improvements in the variables related to lettuce post-harvest. Salinity significantly reduced plant growth in the presence and absence of Si, but provided better post-harvest quality with Si.

Influence of mild saline stress and growing season on yield and leaf quality of baby lettuce grown in floating system

2019 ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Y. Rouphael ◽  
P. Vitaglione ◽  
G. Colla ◽  
F. Napolitano ◽  
G. Raimondi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growing Season ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Leaf Quality ◽  
Floating System

scholarly journals Application of Directly Brewed Compost Extract Improves Yield and Quality in Baby Leaf Lettuce Grown Hydroponically

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Almudena Giménez ◽  
Juan A. Fernández ◽  
José A. Pascual ◽  
Margarita Ros ◽  
Catalina Egea-Gilabert
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Pythium Irregulare ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Floating System ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Leaf Lettuce ◽  
Compost Extract

The aim of this work was to study whether the application of a directly brewed compost extract (added in the nutrient solution or by microsprinkler) could be used to improve the yield and quality of baby leaf red lettuce growing in a floating system, and to control the incidence of Pythium irregulare. Its effect on the quality of fresh-cut red lettuce was also studied. For this, two experiments were carried out over two growing cycles (winter–spring and autumn). The results showed that the use of compost extract added to the nutrient solution improved baby leaf lettuce growth and quality, reducing the nitrate content and enhancing the content of potentially health-promoting compounds such as phenols and flavonoids and the antioxidant capacity. Microbial quality was maintained during storage and the compost extract had no negative effect on the microbial load of the final product. In addition, application of the compost decreased the population of P. irregulare in the water. It is concluded that the application of directly brewed compost extract is of potential use in a sustainable soilless production system for baby leaf red lettuce, since it improves the yield and quality of the product and is able to control the incidence of P. irregulare.

scholarly journals Effect of Gibberellic Acid on Growth, Yield, and Quality of Leaf Lettuce and Rocket Grown in a Floating System

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Miceli ◽  
Alessandra Moncada ◽  
Leo Sabatino ◽  
Filippo Vetrano
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Floating System ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Leaf Lettuce

Gibberellins (GAs) are growth hormones strongly involved in a wide variety of physiological activities. Currently, gibberellins are commercially used to enhance phenotypic characteristics, earliness, and productivity of many vegetable and ornamental crops. In this work, the efficacy of supplementation of low levels of gibberellic acid (0, 10−8, 10−6, and 10−4 M GA3) through the mineral nutrient solution of a floating system on yield and quality of leaf lettuce and rocket plants was tested. The marketability of plants was lost when 10−4 M GA3 was added to the mineral nutrient solution. This study demonstrated that the addition of 10−4 M GA3 exceeded the acceptable threshold for use in hydroponics production systems. Below the concentration of 10−4 M, the presence of GA3 in the mineral nutrient solutions (MNS), especially at 10−6 M GA3, stimulated plant growth and enhanced the yield. Various morphological and physiological traits were enhanced by GA3 treatments (biomass accumulation, leaf expansion, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency (WUE), Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), etc.), with superimposable trends in both lettuce and rocket. The addition of 10−6 M GA3 to the nutrient solution of a hydroponic floating system can promote growth and quality of lettuce and rocket plants.

scholarly journals Effect of End-of-production High-energy Radiation on Nutritional Quality of Indoor-grown Red-leaf Lettuce

HortScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 1055-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celina Gómez ◽  
Juan Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Carotenoid Concentration ◽  
High Energy Radiation ◽  
Energy Radiation ◽  
Leaf Lettuce

Numerous studies have evaluated the effect of high-energy radiation as means to increase nutritional quality of lettuce (Lactuca sativa). However, most research has focused on providing constant radiation quality or quantity throughout the production cycle, which typically results in yield reductions or increases in production costs. End-of-production (EOP) radiation is a cost-effective, preharvest practice that can allow growers to manipulate product quality and thus increase market value of lettuce without negatively affecting plant growth. The objective of this study was to quantify and compare growth and accumulation of secondary metabolites from ‘Rouxaï RZ’ and ‘Codex RZ’ red-leaf lettuce grown indoors and exposed to different strategies of EOP high-energy radiation. Plants were grown for 24 days under an average daily light integral (DLI) of 15.8 mol·m‒2·d‒1 (220 µmol·m‒2·s‒1 for 20 h·d−1) using red:blue light-emitting diode (LED) lamps. Four days before harvest (36 days after sowing), plants were exposed to one of three EOP treatments added to red:blue LEDs: 1) ultraviolet-A (EOP-ultraviolet); 2) high blue (EOP-B); or 3) high-intensity (EOP-H) radiation. A fourth treatment was included as a control, with no EOP. Except for EOP-H, all treatments provided a DLI of 15.8 mol·m‒2·d‒1; EOP-H provided a DLI of 31.7 mol·m‒2·d‒1. No treatment differences were measured for shoot fresh weight (FW) of ‘Rouxaï RZ’ but shoot FW of ‘Codex RZ’ was negatively affected by EOP radiation, indicating potential changes in lettuce yield from applying EOP high-energy radiation during active plant growth. In general, EOP treatments did not affect total phenolic content and total carotenoid concentration of plants, but anthocyanin content and antioxidant capacity were positively influenced by EOP-B and EOP-H, whereas EOP-ultraviolet resulted in similar nutritional quality to control. Findings from this study indicate that EOP high-energy radiation, especially EOP-B, has significant potential to improve the nutritional quality of red-leaf lettuce grown in controlled environments.

scholarly journals Daytime, Not Nighttime, Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Exposure Improves Plant Growth and Leaf Quality of Mulberry (Morus alba L.) Seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songmei Shi ◽  
Yuling Qiu ◽  
Miao Wen ◽  
Xiao Xu ◽  
Xingshui Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Leaf Quality ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
The Impact

Almost all elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations (eCO2) studies have not addressed the potential responses of plant growth to different CO2 in daytime and nighttime. The present study was to determine the impact of daytime and/or nighttime eCO2 on growth and quality of mulberry (Morus alba L.), a perennial multipurpose cash plant. Six-month-old mulberry seedlings were hence grown in environmentally auto-controlled growth chambers under four CO2 concentrations: (1) ambient CO2 (ACO2, 410 μmol mol–1 daytime/460 μmol mol–1 nighttime), (2) sole daytime elevated CO2 (DeCO2, 710 μmol mol–1/460 μmol mol–1), (3) sole nighttime elevated CO2 (NeCO2, 410 μmol mol–1/760 μmol mol–1), and (4) continuous daytime and nighttime elevated CO2 (D + NeCO2, 710 μmol mol–1/760 μmol mol–1). Plant growth characteristics, nutrient uptake, and leaf quality were then examined after 120 days of CO2 exposure. Compared to control, DeCO2 and (D + N)eCO2 increased plant biomass production and thus the harvest of nutrients and accumulation of leaf carbohydrates (starch, soluble sugar, and fatty acid) and N-containing compounds (free amino acid and protein), though there were some decreases in the concentration of leaf N, P, Mg, Fe, and Zn. NeCO2 had no significant effects on leaf yield but an extent positive effect on leaf nutritional quality due to their concentration increase in leaf B, Cu, starch, and soluble sugar. Meanwhile, (D + N)eCO2 decreased mulberry leaf yield and harvest of nutritious compounds for silkworm when compared with DeCO2. The reason may be associated to N, P, Mg, Fe, and Zn that are closely related to leaf pigment and N metabolism. Therefore, the rational application of mineral nutrient (especially N, P, Fe, Mg, and Zn) fertilizers is important for a sustainable mulberry production under future atmosphere CO2 concentrations.

scholarly journals Effects of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid on Chlorophyll, Photosynthesis, Soluble Sugar and Flavonoids of Ginkgo biloba

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng XU ◽  
Shuiyuan CHENG ◽  
Jun ZHU ◽  
Weiwei ZHANG ◽  
Yan WANG
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Leaf Quality ◽  
Chl A

The flavonoid content determines the quality of Ginkgo biloba that can be increased by using of plant growth regulators. The objective of study was to observe the effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a key precursor in the biosynthesis of porphyrins and a new plant growth regulator, on photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll and soluble sugar content, flavonoid accumulation, and flavonoid enzyme activity in G. biloba leaves. The ginkgo seedlings were grown in greenhouse conditions under low levels (10 and 100 mg l-1) of foliar application of ALA. Photosynthetic rates of leaves increased significantly at day 4 in response to both ALA concentrations and remained elevated as compared to control for further 12 days. Chlorophyll and soluble sugar contents were significantly increased by day 4 and continued to increase by day 16; however, Chl a/b ratio remained unchanged. Total polyphenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chalcone synthase (CHS) and chalcone isomerase (CHI) activities were increased from day 4 to 16 after ALA treatment. The increase in chlorophyll and soluble sugar contents, and activities of flavonoid enzymes (PAL, CHS and CHI) were likely to be closely associated with improvement of the accumulation of total polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins and advance of leaf quality by ALA treatment. Foliar treatment with a low concentration of ALA therefore, might provide a useful means of improving pharmacological properties of G. biloba leaves.

scholarly journals Screening Tea Cultivars for Novel Climates: Plant Growth and Leaf Quality of Camellia sinensis Cultivars Grown in Mississippi, United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianwen Zhang ◽  
Tongyin Li ◽  
Qiushuang Wang ◽  
Judson LeCompte ◽  
Richard L. Harkess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Leaf Quality

scholarly journals Use of Gibberellic Acid to Increase the Salt Tolerance of Leaf Lettuce and Rocket Grown in a Floating System

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Vetrano ◽  
Alessandra Moncada ◽  
Alessandro Miceli
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Floating System ◽  
Leaf Lettuce

Hydroponics need water of good quality to prepare a balanced nutrient solution that could allow plants to reach their maximum yield potential. The rising difficulties in finding water with good quality have led to the compelling necessity of identifying sustainable ways to use saline water, limiting its negative effect on crop yield and quality. The exogenous supplementation of plant growth regulators, such as gibberellic acid (GA3), can be effective in increasing plant growth and vigor, thus helping plants to better cope with salt stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility to increase the salt tolerance of leaf lettuce and rocket grown in a floating system by adding GA3 (10−6 M) to mineral nutrient solutions (MNS) with increasing salinity (0, 10, and 20 mM NaCl). Leaf lettuce and rocket plants suffered a significant reduction of growth and yield, determined by the reduction of biomass, leaf number, and leaf area, even with moderate salt stress (10 mM NaCl). The supplementation of exogenous GA3 through the MNS allowed plants to substantially counterbalance salt stress by enhancing various morphological and physiological traits, such as biomass accumulation, leaf expansion, stomatal conductance and water and nitrogen use efficiency. The effects of salt stress and GA3 treatment varied according to the species, thus indicating that this interaction may improve salt tolerance by activating different adaptation systems.

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