scholarly journals A Critical Review of Water Resources and Their Management in Bhutan

Hydrology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Tariq ◽  
Kelden Wangchuk ◽  
Nitin Muttil
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Water Accessibility ◽  
Accessibility Issues ◽  
The Government

Bhutan is a small yet water-abundant country. The country suffers from frequent flooding and is lately experiencing a growing risk of localized droughts due to inappropriate water resource management and climate change. Such a situation calls for much more efficient use and management of water in Bhutan. This paper undertakes an extensive analysis of the country’s water resources for better planning and management of the available water resources. Bhutan can be divided into three zones, the Southern Foothills, the Central Inner Himalayas, and the Higher Himalayas. The top four leading industries of Bhutan are related to water, either directly or indirectly. The country at present is at a very early stage of development. The government has prioritized water resources management over recent years. Water for hydropower in Bhutan has been in focus as compared to that allocated for irrigation, industries, and environmental demand. The demand for water in Bhutan has also increased in the last decade due to population increase, changes in lifestyle, and economic advancements through tourism and hydropower projects. Climate variation, deteriorating water quality, frequent floods, and increasing urbanization threaten the sustainability of water resources. Water accessibility issues for settlements due to the country’s harsh geographical landscape is leading towards localized water scarcity. Serious attention to rainwater harvesting and groundwater recharge is required to address localized water scarcity issues.

scholarly journals A Study of Water Resource Management in Urban and Rural Areas of Jabalpur District

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Dileep Kumar Koshta ◽  
Ashu Jain
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Actual Condition ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
The Government ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

India is rich in natural water resources, but because of the uneven distribution of resources and improper management, the major part of the country suffers from drought almost every year. The present study is based upon the inappropriate management of water resources in the urban and rural area of Jabalpur. The present paper intends to find out the actual condition of management of water resources by the municipal corporation of Jabalpur, whether the citizens of Jabalpur are benefitted through the policies made by the government for the equal distribution of water resources, are the policies adequately implemented and monitored once they are made?The data has been collected from secondary and primary sources, and simple percentage method has been used to analyze the collected data. The outcome of the study reveals that the government is trying to manage the water resource and is concentrated on the equal distribution of water in both urban and rural areas. Many policies have been prepared by the local government, but ineffective monitoring is the leading cause of improper management of water resources.

scholarly journals Creating a Sustainable Policy Framework for Cross-Border E-Commerce in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weihua Su ◽  
Yuying Wang ◽  
Lan Qian ◽  
Shouzhen Zeng ◽  
Tomas Baležentis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
System Construction ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Risk Monitoring ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Government

This paper aims to adapt the social network analysis method to explore the characteristics of 59 cross-border e-commerce policies promulgated by the Chinese government from January 2013 to July 2018. On this basis, the paper quantitatively analyzes the internal structure and dynamic layout characteristics of sustainable cross-border e-commerce policy documents focusing on three dimensions: policy service contents, policy regulatory targets, and policy measures. The results suggest that policies involving service contents lack long-term strategic planning, especially those related to taxation and warehousing. In addition, policies regarding service system construction and demonstration construction follow an upward trend, whereas policies related to international cooperation and risk monitoring are less prevalent. Finally, it is suggested that the government pays attention to the supervision of payments, transactions, and goods in the early stage of development, but began conducting comprehensive supervision over all aspects of the cross-border e-commerce supply chain in 2015. Thus, there has been a relatively mature regulatory system established in China with particular attention to the aspects of quality and safety.

scholarly journals Smart Water Technology for Efficient Water Resource Management: A Review

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 6268
Author(s):  
Aditya Dinesh Gupta ◽  
Prerna Pandey ◽  
Andrés Feijóo ◽  
Zaher Mundher Yaseen ◽  
Neeraj Dhanraj Bokde
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Smart Water

According to the United Nation’s World Water Development Report, by 2050 more than 50% of the world’s population will be under high water scarcity. To avoid water stress, water resources are needed to be managed more securely. Smart water technology (SWT) has evolved for proper management and saving of water resources. Smart water system (SWS) uses sensor, information, and communication technology (ICT) to provide real-time monitoring of data such as pressure, water ow, water quality, moisture, etc. with the capability to detect any abnormalities such as non-revenue water (NRW) losses, water contamination in the water distribution system (WDS). It makes water and energy utilization more efficient in the water treatment plant and agriculture. In addition, the standardization of data format i.e., use of Water Mark UP language 2.0 has made data exchange easier for between different water authorities. This review research exhibits the current state-of-the-art of the on-going SWT along with present challenges and future scope on the mentioned technologies. A conclusion is drawn that smart technologies can lead to better water resource management, which can lead to the reduction of water scarcity worldwide. High implementation cost may act as a barrier to the implementation of SWT in developing countries, whereas data security and its reliability along with system ability to give accurate results are some of the key challenges in its field implementation.

scholarly journals Water Supply and Water Scarcity

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasileios A. Tzanakakis ◽  
Nikolaos V. Paranychianakis ◽  
Andreas N. Angelakis
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Water History ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Use Efficiency

This paper provides an overview of the Special Issue on water supply and water scarcity. The papers selected for publication include review papers on water history, on water management issues under water scarcity regimes, on rainwater harvesting, on water quality and degradation, and on climatic variability impacts on water resources. Overall, the issue underscores the need for a revised water management, especially in areas with demographic change and climate vulnerability towards sustainable and secure water supply. Moreover, general guidelines and possible solutions, such as the adoption of advanced technological solutions and practices that improve water use efficiency and the use of alternative (non-conventional) water resources are highlighted and discussed to address growing environmental and health issues and to reduce the emerging conflicts among water users.

Integrated water resource management plan (IWRMP) in Oman: way forward

Water Policy ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 457-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Al Khabouri Abdulbaqi ◽  
Muyibi A. Suleyman ◽  
Ahmed M. Thamer ◽  
Kabbashi A. Nassereldeen
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Integrated Water Resources Management ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Resources Management

Water resources management is a continuous challenge in the Sultanate of Oman. Owing to its rapid development during the last 30 years, the growing economy has brought an increase in urbanization with a high demand for quality water supplies. Increasing demands to be met include agriculture, population increase and rapid industrial and commercial development. These factors have created a lot of stress in the water resources availability in the country. This has resulted in degradation of the quality of the water especially in the coastal areas owing to over-pumping and saline intrusion. To satisfy water users' requirements and safeguard the scarce water resources in the country, an integrated water resources management plan is proposed. This plan is based on the perception of water as an integral part of the ecosystem, a natural resource and a social and economic good, whose quantity and quality determines the nature of its utilization. The integrated approach will review the current water resources situation in the Sultanate of Oman (increasing water shortages, deteriorating water quality, stress in water supplies, etc) and incorporate policy options that recognize these elements, develop national water policy and base the demand for and allocation of water resources on equity and efficient use. The Integrated Water Resources Management Plan (IWRMP) will also consider the capacity building of the human resources working in the water sector, the development of new institutions that will serve and match this goal, the integration of water planning into the national economy and, more significantly, community participation.

scholarly journals Water Management for Sustainable Food Production

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 778
Author(s):  
Narayanan Kannan ◽  
Aavudai Anandhi
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Sustainable Food Production

The agricultural community has a challenge of increasing food production by more than 70% to meet demand from the global population increase by the mid-21st century. Sustainable food production involves the sustained availability of resources, such as water and energy, to agriculture. The key challenges to sustainable food production are population increase, increasing demands for food, climate change, and climate variability, decreasing per capita land and water resources. To discuss more details on (a) the challenges for sustainable food production and (b) mitigation options available, a special issue on “Water Management for Sustainable Food Production” was assembled. The special issue focused on issues such as irrigation using brackish water, virtual water trade, allocation of water resources, consequences of excess precipitation on crop yields, strategies to increase water productivity, rainwater harvesting, irrigation water management, deficit irrigation, and fertilization, environmental and socio-economic impacts, and irrigation water quality. Articles covered several water-related issues across the U.S., Asia, Middle-East, Africa, and Pakistan for sustainable food production. The articles in the special issue highlight the substantial impacts on agricultural production, water availability, and water quality in the face of increasing demands for food and energy.

Stimulation of innovation in the public sector: foreign experience

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Anna Liubchych
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Venture Capital ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Financing System ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
Stimulation Of

Problem setting. One of the most important problems and obstacles to the innovative development there is an uncoordinated work of the government to identify and approve at the legislative level the main means of stimulating innovation. Target of research is to analyze some types of stimulation of innovation activities implemented in foreign countries. Disclosure of some features of the current legislation on stimulating innovation. Analysis of resent researches and publications. Problems of innovative activity are devoted to research of a number of well-known domestic and foreign scientists-lawyers and economists: Atamanova Yu.E., Balueva O.V., Berensa V., Burman G., Davydyuk O.M., Didenko N.G., Emelianova V.M., Goncharova Yu.V., Grechan A.P., Kvasnitskaya R.S., Mavroediya E., Ravski T., Remenprit K., Vashchuk N.F., Vlasova V., Voynarenko M.P., Zadikhayla D.V., Zafara A., Zaytseva L.O., Zhornokia Yu.M., however some questions of the problem still need clarification. Article’s main body. Over the past 30 years, a global consensus has emerged on the importance of innovation as the primary means of addressing economic development, health, national security and environmental issues. Many of the world’s leading countries are making unprecedented investments in promoting innovation through increased R&D funding and ongoing support from universities and innovative small and large enterprises. They implement new programs and public-private partnerships to stimulate the commercialization of new ideas in the market. There are eight effective incentives for innovation that are used by many countries, including: incentives for corporations investing in R&D; incentives to create R&D centers; technological zones; support for company modernization; support for innovative exports; government grants and preferential loans; support for innovative public procurement; patent boxes. Regarding the legislative aspect of promoting innovation in Ukraine, the following should be noted. The Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine participates in the development of sectoral and crosssectoral export strategies. The corresponding initiative is foreseen in the Export Strategy of Ukraine (“Road Map” of Strategic Trade Development) for 2017-2021, approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 1017-r of 27.12.2017. Our state is taking some steps to stimulate innovation. However, the means enshrined in Ukrainian law have a very narrow range of influence on real relations. Tax and other benefits introduced at the end of the last century have been abolished. State guarantees for innovation are declarative in nature. The National Innovation System of Ukraine requires comprehensive use of all possible incentives. Conclusions and prospects for the development. Venture financing, which is effectively used by a number ofdeveloped countries in the world, should become an important area of development of the ID financing system in Ukraine. The key to the development of the venture capital market is the active position of the state on its support. In Ukraine, considering that venture capital investment is at an early stage of development, it is advisable, in our view, to develop a comprehensive State program for the development of venture investment in Ukraine, which has been repeatedly emphasized by scientists and practitioners. This program should include measures both for the development of information support for innovative businesses, for improving the regulatory framework of venture capital activities, and, last but not least, for a complex of tax incentives, as well as for the state’s direct involvement in financing venture investments.

scholarly journals Social accountability of Russian agribusiness

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 13034
Author(s):  
Liliya Akhmetshina ◽  
Angela Mottaeva
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Social Accountability ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
Corporate Social Accountability ◽  
High Level

Social accountability of Russian agribusiness is currently at an early stage of development. Socially accountable agribusiness helps reducing social tension in rural areas and acts as a reliable ally to the government in executing social programs. The purpose of this research is to proof the necessity of social accountability popularization in agribusiness entities’ operation in order to provide high level of competitive capability and stable rural development. Through the research we established limiting factors in development of social accountability in functioning of the agribusiness entities and estimated the level of social accountability among biggest agribusiness holding companies as well as its impact on rural development. As a result of the study we developed measures for expanding corporate social accountability of agribusiness and enlarging its social orientation. The motives of the socially accountable agribusiness are as followed: employee development, working efficiency growth in the company, better company image, reputation growth, stable company growth in the long term, possibility of additional investments.

scholarly journals Rainwater Harvesting to Address Current and Forecasted Domestic Water Scarcity: Application to Arid and Semi-Arid Areas

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 3583
Author(s):  
Tariq Judeh ◽  
Isam Shahrour
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
The West ◽  
Semi Arid

This paper discusses the effectiveness of rooftops rainwater harvesting (RRWH) in addressing domestic water scarcity, emphasizing the West Bank (Palestine) as an example of arid to semi-arid areas with limited water resources. The paper deals with the actual and future water demand by considering climate-change impact and urban growth. The analysis is based on the evaluation of (i) the supply–demand balance index (SDBI), which designates the ratio between the total water supply (TWS) and total water demand (TWD), and (ii) the potential of RRWH. Applying this methodology to the West Bank shows that the potential RRWH can contribute by about 40 million cubic meters/year in 2020, which is approximately the same amount of water as the municipal water supply (42 million cubic meters/year). This contribution can effectively reduce the suffering governorates from 64% to 27% in 2020. Furthermore, it can support water-related decision-makers in the arid to semi-arid areas in formulating efficient and sustainable water resources strategies. The analysis also shows that the domestic water scarcity in 2050 will be worse than in 2020 for all governorates. For example, 73% of the West Bank governorates are expected to suffer from extreme to acute water scarcity in 2050 compared to 64% in 2020. Thus, RRWH appears to be highly efficient in mitigating the current and future domestic water scarcity in the West Bank.

scholarly journals Overview and evaluation of the Indonesia's water resources management policies for food security

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Andi Setyo Pambudi
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Population Policy ◽  
National Development ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Irrigation Network ◽  
The Government

Water and water resources must be maintained by their functions and benefits to meet the needs of all sectors and future generations. One important part of sustainable water resource management that is of considerable interest to the government is irrigation which aims to achieve food security. Food security in Indonesia Development in the field of food security and poverty alleviation in rural areas is one of the leading sectors in the nine national development priority agendas contained in “Nawa Cita”. The development of food security in Indonesia faces many complex problems, such as irrigation infrastructures maintenance, regulations, land use change, population, policy implementation, coordination among stakeholders and also budget issues. The method in this study is a qualitative method through the literature review related to the management of water resources for food security in Indonesia. This paper seeks to evaluate the development irrigation policies as part of sustainable water management that supports food security in Indonesia. Literature sources are 5 main regulations, 5 papers and some government reports. To support increased food security, the direction of the Indonesian Government's policy in strengthening food security from the irrigated agricultural sector is realized through a strategy to increase production capacity and improve irrigation network services. The problem of the availability of irrigation water must be addressed quickly by upstream conservation, maximizing capacity through normalization of existing reservoirs, and continuing to build dams to have water storage containers that can accommodate planting season throughout planting. Air dan sumber daya air harus dijaga fungsi dan manfaatnya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan semua sektor dan generasi mendatang. Salah satu bagian penting dari pengelolaan sumber daya air berkelanjutan yang cukup menarik perhatian pemerintah adalah irigasi yang bertujuan untuk mencapai ketahanan pangan. Di Indonesia, pembangunan di bidang ketahanan pangan dan pengentasan kemiskinan di pedesaan merupakan salah satu sektor unggulan dalam sembilan agenda prioritas pembangunan nasional yang tertuang dalam “Nawa Cita”. Pembangunan ketahanan pangan di Indonesia menghadapi banyak masalah yang kompleks, seperti pemeliharaan infrastruktur irigasi, regulasi, perubahan penggunaan lahan, kependudukan, implementasi kebijakan, koordinasi antar pemangku kepentingan dan juga masalah anggaran. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif melalui studi pustaka terkait pengelolaan sumber daya air untuk ketahanan pangan di Indonesia. Tulisan ini berupaya mengevaluasi kebijakan pembangunan irigasi sebagai bagian dari pengelolaan air berkelanjutan yang mendukung ketahanan pangan di Indonesia. Sumber literatur adalah lima peraturan utama, lima makalah dan beberapa laporan pemerintah. Untuk mendukung peningkatan ketahanan pangan, arah kebijakan Pemerintah Indonesia dalam memperkuat ketahanan pangan dari sektor pertanian beririgasi diwujudkan melalui strategi peningkatan kapasitas produksi dan peningkatan pelayanan jaringan irigasi. Masalah ketersediaan air irigasi harus segera diatasi dengan konservasi di wilayah hulu, memaksimalkan kapasitas melalui normalisasi waduk yang ada, dan terus membangun bendungan untuk memiliki wadah penampung air yang dapat mencukupi kebutuhan pasokan sepanjang musim tanam.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document